He aha te mea tika? tohu tika: tuakiri me te kiripuaki

Ko te taonga o te ahanoa ki te mahi i etahi mahi homai ki reira i te pupuri mahi i roto i te whānuitanga etahi e ōrite ana ki aratau këtia me tikanga o te whakamahi - tenei tika. Ka taea e kuputohu tika kia tino rerekē, engari he reira i ratou tei te nuinga i runga i te kounga o te mahi o te hua.

kaipōti o

E toru wāhanga matua o tenei whakamāramatanga:

• rere o ona mahi;
• te wa e hiahiatia ana mo tenei whakaaro;
• etahi tikanga whakahaere.

Ki te kōrero tatou e pā ana ki te whakatinanatanga o ngā mahi i tohua, he reira ia tapao e rua nga mea e pā ana ki te māramatanga ariā, me te mahi o te tikanga haumaru. tohu tika i tenei wāhi o te tirohanga, te whai ake: te huru me te mahi o tenei hua.

Te wātea me te ngaue'aki

Rawatanga anō ko te tetahi āhua o te ahanoa i roto i nei kia taea ki te mahi i enei mahi ki ngā tawhā tautuhia e te tuhinga hangarau. E tano ia tapao i te meka e te wātea, me te ngaue'aki o hē tāutuhia rite te tuarua ko te huru i roto i nei tutuki reira te whakaritenga ā-ture i roto i te tuhinga hangarau.

Time - Ko tetahi āhuatanga nui e whai wāhi tika. i roto i tenei take, nga kuputohu tika ngā kore he kōpeka tenei ariā, no te mea takoto te ngako tinana o te tika i roto i te meka e kia waiho whakahauanga mo tetahi wa ki te mau tonu ratou tawhā hangarau katoa hua.

atu wāhanga

I tua atu, i te tika o te whakamāramatanga hoki ngā te tikanga whakahaere. Hoki ngā pūnaha hangarau e mahi i roto i ngā āhuatanga rerekē, kia ai taua mea āhuatanga o ngā wā rerekē i mua i nga take tuatahi o te kore.

Me ki matau tika te mea he tikanga whanau te wā "tika" koe. taupū tika ngā i te whānuitanga nui o kounga kahore tetahi faaotiraa ngā me te ine rahinga o etahi āhuatanga. Heoi, i roto i te tukanga o te haamauraa i te tika o te ahanoa ngā he pūnaha hangarau noa ranei i reira he he hiahia i roto i te whakaaturanga o nga ariā me ngā āhuatanga e he wahi o te mea i roto i te tohu matatini. Hei tauira, motuhake taputapu mo te ngā tipu te mana tae atu taua ariā e whai ake:

• mauroa;
• maintainability;
• tika.

A ratou ratou ano whakawhirinaki ano i runga i te maha o te tahi atu tawhā.

tohu tuarua

Ki te kōrero tatou e pā ana ki te mea whakatau te tawhā taketake o te tika, i reira e toru ngā āhuatanga matua. Ko ratou:

• Kounga. inenga kounga (tika) ngā te huinga o ngā āhuatanga e whakatau te tohu o te pai o te pūrere hangarau mo tona whakaaro e tūmanakohia ana.

Ko e pā ana tika ki te tikanga i roto i i whakamahia tetahi ki tetahi hua ranei Kounga. Hei tauira, ki te te kōwae steam mīhini huri hiko motuhake, i hangaia tuatahi ki te kawe i te kawenga turanga, ka kia whakamahia i roto i te aratau pōhēhē a motuhake, ka iku timata te mahi rite ki te pā tōraro tona huru, me, runga i, tona kounga me te ka raro hua e Tātaitia tohu tika.

• Rikarika. He te kaha o etahi whakaaro hangarau ārai i tetahi maumaui nui, a ka kingi i te whanaketanga o nga mea katoa o ngā aituā, me te kore taputapu tinana.

• Haumarutanga. Whakatau i o ngā āhuatanga o ngā pūrere hangarau, e whakarato ana hoki e kore pea o takanga o tetahi āhuatanga e he kino mō te tangata, me to ratou taiao. Ko te kupu, kawea te tukanga i roto i rite te tātai e tuhia taupū tika me enei āhuatanga.

I roto i te pātai arotake i titiro te tika o te ngā pūnaha matatini te rite te ariā pērā i te pūmautanga i roto i te hononga ki te kore o ngā huānga takitahi. te ariä o "tiaki" kia hoki te whakamahi i roto i te wā takitahi.

He aha te mea te reira?

Preservation Ko te taonga o tetahi taputapu ki te noho i roto i te huru pai i roto i te rokiroki. Ka rite ki te tahi atu pūnaha tika, whakarato reira hoki ki te hua mau tonu ratou āhuatanga hangarau taketake i roto i rohe i tohua. Ki te tikanga koe e rokiroki ko te wāhi o te mahi, te haumaru - te reira tika i roto i ngā āhuatanga rokiroki.

Ka taea e tatou te mea e ko te tino uaua tenei kōwhiringa, a ko reira rawa uaua ki te aromātai i te āhuatanga ngā, mai te paearu haumaru taea ka kia tetahi tohu tika hua.

Ko te āhuatanga matua o tenei ariā ko e te nuinga te reira e te rahunga tamau tika ki raro huinga tāutatia o ngā āhuatanga e puta tika ana ki te hoholo. Parenga Ko te ariā hangarau kaua nui, a i roto i ngā ki te tika ki te whakatau i te tika o te taputapu ngā i roto i āhua rerekē. Ko te nui katoa atu tenei mo te take e he rota o taputapu reira e te tahi mau wā motuhake o te rokiroki, e he rite ki ranei ara nui te huinga wā e mahi ana. Whakamāramatanga o tohu tika o ngā pūnaha hangarau ngā te tokomaha tonu rawa nui o te tahi atu āhuatanga e te hunga rerekē i roto i te āhua.

tauira

Ka rite ki te tauira, whakaaro te tika o te kōwae steam mīhini huri hiko, e ngā:

• kounga o ngā rauemi e whakamahia ana i roto i te tukanga ahumahi;
• tino hanganga hangaia;
• hangarau ahumahi whakamahia;
• ka whakamahia transportation hangarau me te tāuta o ngā taputapu;
• te kounga o te wahie e whakamahia ana;
• nga tikanga o te mahi, me te tiaki o nga whakaaro.

Na e te tika he rārangi poto e ngā tawhā āhuatanga o te tika. Te hanga me te whakamahi o hou, pūnaha piki matatini tā te hiahia mō te tiaki tamau o te tohu piki nui o te tika. Ko te aha whakawhanakehia motuhake "ariā o te tika", e tata anga ki te oaoa i te horapa tika whanui.

ariā

whakaratohia teie mahana te taputapu pāngarau o te ariā o te tika, kei te maha i whakamahia i roto i te mahi o te whakatau i te maha wiri o ngā mahi rerekē e puta i roto i te tukanga o te whakaputa me te mahi o ngā taputapu. Ko te kupu, ko te ariā taketake e tautuhi i te tawhā o te tika (mauroa) o taputapu ngā:

• pūnaha;
• whakahe;
• huānga.

Ko te tino hāngai ki te ariā taumauri taketake o te katoa me te āhuatanga te waihanga o enei ariā. taonga hangarau Various, e kōrerohia i roto i te ariā tika aroaro i roto i te puka o te ngā pūnaha e e wairua mahi tūhonohono me te kohinga o pāhekoheko huānga. hangaia ana tēnei pūnaha te ki te mahi i tētahi tapatahi hōtaka e hiahiatia. Ka rite ki ngā āhuatanga takitahi o te pūnaha whakaaro, e taea te kawe i roto i mahi motuhake o etahi mahi.

Ko te tino noho te kōwhiringa o te pūnaha, me te ngā o ona wahi wāhanga. Ki te whakamahia te tauākī raruraru atu te, na ka iku tetahi pūnaha hei wahi o te pūnaha nui, a ka kua wehea nga mea timatanga katoa ki nga wahi, i roto i te tahuri, kua tahuri ki ona huānga. Ko te kupu, Tei tika te wehenga o ngā taputapu me ngā tūemi i roto i te pūnaha i runga i te taumata aroākapa i ai e faatiti'aifarohia te mahi.

GOST ariā o te pūnaha e ngā me huānga ki wāhanga kotahi - "ahanoa".

He aha te mea te reira?

Ko te ahanoa huaina te pūrere ngā pūnaha, etahi o ona āhuatanga, e te manakohia ki te ako i etahi āhuatanga motuhake ko taua mea nga momo katoa o hononga ki ētahi atu wāhanga ranei.

I roto i te mahi, kia rite ki te pūnaha rite te katoa, me ona āhuatanga takitahi e taea tupu take pērā i roto i nei i reira ko te mate oti te kanohi ranei o ratou āhuatanga mahi. he mate taua o te kakama i te ariā o te tika i huaina faka'ikai'i, a ko reira tetahi o nga ariā taketake.

Tuhinga me ona āhuatanga

Whakakāhoretanga Ko tetahi hui e whai wāhi te takahi oti paipa o mahi o te ahanoa ranei. Ko te kupu ko reira:

• ohorere ranei āta;
• ti'aturi ranei motuhake;
• te kanohi ranei whakamutunga.

Ki te kore e te kore o te tetahi tūemi ngā kore o te tahi atu wahi, huaina reira ko te motuhake, i huaina te kore o te pūrere e tika ana ki te kore o te tahi atu huānga te ti'aturi.

kore Inamata, e hāngai ana i runga i te ingoa, i reira he tino ohorere, kahore tetahi tohu e kitea ana o ratou ahua, i te whakarato i te āta kākahu ranei hoholo o te rauemi, te rongo auroa rawa ki pikaunga nui, e arata'i ki te whakaiti āta i roto i te mahi i te tiaki tonu i te kanohi ranei o tōtika o te taputapu e whakamahia ana .

rahunga Final oti ranei - ko te ahua o te kore o te taputapu i roto i nei te pūnaha ngaro tona taumahinga kōwhiringa ranei hinga rohe ki taua wa rite papaki te take o te kore te. taua mata Motunga anake ki te whakahohe i te whakaoho, me te te hiahia ki te whakaiti i te tawhā whakahaere ki te taumata etahi.

I tua atu, ko reira ia tapao i te meka e utua tokanga makehe ki rahunga ratou pahekotanga ranei, e he kawenga mō ngā whakawhitinga ki te āhua rohe i nei tona whakamahi muri mo tona whakaaro e tūmanakohia ana he tika Kāore ranei.

Kia pehea te ko te tika o te taputapu i roto i te tukanga whakaputa?

Hei whakaora tika tiketike, me te mahi mauroa o ngā hua rerekē, e hiahia ana koe ki te tika ū ki te hanga, me te tāuta o te hangarau i roto i tetahi pūnaha. Tātaritanga o raraunga tatauranga whakaatu e te take o te hē hangarau e hāngai ana, kia e tamata i te kaiwhakanao hou ki te whakamahi i te whānuitanga o ngā motuhake e tukua i te wā o te hanga me te tāuta ki te whakaiti i te tūponotanga o te he i roto i ngā pūnaha i roto i te nuinga rawa o te wā te mutu whawhati tata o te taputapu motuhake.

Ahakoa o te mea nga tohu matua o te tika te ngana ki te whakarite e te kaiwhakanao, kia mahi ratou mahi i roto i te wāhi e whai ake nei:

• Te whakanui ake i te tohu o te prefabrication mā te te tuku i te mahi pono o te taputapu. Hoki e taea te tukua tauira, taiepa, kapohau, nga kohua i me te taputapu motuhake mō te wai kōwae preassembled, whakawhitia te nuinga rawa o te whakaminenga-fehokotakianga te i te pae tāuta taketake ki te patunga wheketere, pera i roto i taua tikanga, ko te nui māmā ki te whakatutuki i te kounga tino tiketike.
• Ko te whakamahi whānui o te hangarau kounga hou mō ia wāhanga o te hanga, i te mana tāuru o ngā intermediates me rauemi tīmata ki te whakarato i te mana o te oti i ngā tukanga, tūturu pae ranei whakamātautau. Taputapu o te mana tāuru kua toutou whakapumautia e nga tatauranga o te kohakore i i kitea i roto i te akoranga o te mana motuhake o ngā hua.
• Ko te whakamahi o te taputapu hanga hangarau matatau ki te whakahaere hōtaka e whakanui wāhanga tukatuka taipitopito me te te hanga i te hua ki te tika mōrahi.
• Mechanization me aunoatanga o ngā tukanga matatini, te whakanui ake i te whakamahi o hangarau matatau.

Practice kua toutou i kï e te whakamahi o te taputapu hou i roto i te tukanga whakaputa, me te hanganga ture tonu ki nga aratau whakapumautia o mahi e taea te nuinga te whakatau i te tika o te hua whakamutunga. I roto i tenei take, e hiahia ana koe ki te matau tika nga āhuatanga o te hanga o etahi taputapu ranei tetahi hua, me te te āhuatanga mōrearea matua ki te whakamahi i mehua tika katoa ki te whakakore te whakaiti ratou ranei. Ki tenei i whakarite ai o kuputohu tika tonu ka kia tiketike ahakoa o kawea nei ngā mahi mara i roto.