Kirov (Putilov) Plant: hītori, hua

Ko te pūtake mo te tino nui o te motu taputapu ahumahi maitai faaiopoiporaa Kronstadt rino whakawhiti ki St Petersburg i te timatanga XΙX rautau i te wō o Hiha Paora v heke mai.

Kirov (Putilov) wheketere. Ko te hītori o te hanganga

Ko te hua tuatahi i hanga i roto i te 1801, ka anga te hinonga ki te maka matua rino mo nga hiahia o te pū ope, me te kaipuke. Ko te kaiaka matua o te kaiwhakahaere o te wheketere kāwanatanga-fatuhia Scot Charlza Gaskoyna whakaritea ko te whakataki, me te whanaketanga o hangarau makanga hou. hanga o ngā hua toi hoahoanga hanga o whakamahia maka rino i roto i te tekau tau tuatahi o te mahi, whakarewahia hanga o nga hoia 'raiwhara, pauna me unahi, rama, pātene.

I roto i te 1812, i te hanga o te tari tipu engineering, a i roto i te hanganga o te awheawhe kohatu tīmata hokohoko engines korohū, mīhini, taputapu mīhini hoki ratou ake hiahia, me te whakawhanake ahumahi o te Russian Empire. i meinga kino nui ki te whakato i te waipuke i roto i 1824, te patu 152 iwi, whakangaromia, waipuke, ka kawea ki te taputapu koroua me te whakato.

Engineer me te kaipakihi

Neke atu i te te muri e wha tekau nga tau faaiopoiporaa i St Petersburg kua puta ke te maha o ngā rangatira, a tae noa te raupapa kāwanatanga nui i roto i te tau 1844 mo te supply o huapae kihai i whakaora i te kamupene i te kaihau.

I te tau 1868 i hokona te tipu e Nikolai Ivanovich Putilov, e whakahaere ki te tahuri i te reira i runga i 12 tau i roto i te hinonga whänuitanga tino pai matatau. Just he tau i muri mai, whakaputaina te tipu Putilov neke atu i 80 tana o whakakorekore mo hurihia i roto i te ra, te kounga, hua Ingarangi pai a taukei te hanga o Bessemer maitai. I roto i te 1872, ki te hanganga o te "Society Putilov Works" me te whakarewatanga o te maitai-awhiowhio awheawhe whānuitanga o ngā hua hinonga kīnaki hanganga piriti, kaata me locomotives.

I muri i te matenga o Nikolai Ivanovich kawea atu 1880 kau muimui roa-tu tona moe - ki te hono i te Putilov wheketere Moana Channel ki Kronstadt, whakarite i te wahi o kaipuke, e kore anake hoki te tukuna o ngā hua o te tipu, me te supply o ngā rauemi mata, engari ano hoki ki te whakatau i nga hiahia o katoa o St Petersburg. Ko te reira i roto i te Putilov whakatakotoria nga turanga o te whakangungu o ngā kaimahi wheketere, timata te whanaketanga o te hanganga pāpori o te hinonga.

I te ra Empire

Na roto i te timatanga o XX rautau Putilov wheketere ka te rangatira motuhake i roto i te motu hinonga metallurgical me mīhini-hanga, me te kotahi o te nui rawa i roto i Europe. nui atu kaimahi State 12.4 mano. People. I runga i nga here waewae hanga i te tipu i whakatakotoria iho manuao tuatahi: tuatahi, nga kaipahua, a ka - kau fakasio me kaiwhakamate. I roto i te hua ahurei o te wa - te kaipahua kaipuke "Novik", tere-pupuhi mara pū, pū pūnaha o te ao tuatahi anti-rererangi Lander, māngi 100-ton warou e mau ana i te mahi i roto i te ra nei.

He taumata rautaki hou i roto i te anga o te kaupapa "Russian Krupp" kawea Putilov wheketere i'oa o te rangatira rongonui - AI Putilov, kua whakaurua ki roto ki te hanganga o te poari i roto i te tau 1910, me te kua haumi i roto i te kamupene mō neke atu i te 30 miriona moni. (I te utu o te taonga 19 miriona rbl katoa.). kua nui haere production Marama o te pū neke atu i fivefold. He tokomaha hoki ngā tūemi whakaputaina e te wheketere kua he heriheri, i whai nga rangatira o hua nui. Heoi, kahakina te kaupapa pāhoro hanga te whenua kua ona ake whakatikatika.

Ko te wā Soviet

Putilov wheketere i mua i runga i te mahana o te revolution 1917, i roto i te āhua o e pā ana ki 35 mano. Workers. Ko reira ko mahi papatipu o tona tokotoko te timatanga o te revolution tanguru. Na roto i te mutunga o te tau i nationalized te kamupene me te muri whakaingoatia te "Whero Putilovets", me i roto i te 1934 i te ingoa i te reira i muri i S. M. Kirova. Hoki te ahumahi o te kuao käwanatanga Soviet wheketere hanga hua whakarewa, okeoke kararehe, taputapu hoki tipu te mana hurihiko, tarakihana, raupapa car R-1. I roto i te 1939, i whakarewahia raina tuatahi o te ao mo te hanga o tāke taimaha.

I roto i te Pakanga Patriotic nui o nga kaimahi o te tipu i whakatahia ki Chelyabinsk. Noho i roto i whakapaea toa Leningrad tata i runga i tonu te raina mua whakanao me te whakaora hanga o tāke me waka Armoured.

I te mutunga o te pakanga te wheketere whakawhanake anōtia i runga i te hanga rangatū o taputapu hōia, taputapu hoki te pūngao me te ahumahi karihi, tarakihana "Kirovets".

āhua o nāianei

I roto i te 1992 i hanga reira te JSC "Kirov Plant". Kua takoha Taumaha tikanga pāpori-ōhanga nga whakahaere kamupene arotahi anō kotahi ano production, te wā kotahi te whakauru hangarau whakataetae. I roto i te hua matua o te tipu - waka Armoured ( "Onega", "Ladoga", "Aro"), hanga rori me te taputapu motuhake mo te hanga, te hinu, me te hau ahumahi. Tarakihana "Kirovets" i roto i te tono i roto i te mākete kāinga kore anake, engari ano kaha kaweake ki whenua 14.

Kirov opuahia kapohau me ētahi atu taputapu mana tāuta i roto i maha submarines karihi, icebreakers, manuao, me te kaihokohoko kaipuke.

mau opuaraa no ananahi

I roto i te whakaaro loto o tohunga me kaitätari, te wheketere Kirov - tetahi o nga taraiwa o te whanaketanga o te engineering kāinga. I roto i te whāinga rautaki tonu o te kaiwhakahaere hinonga i roto i ngā tohatoha i te withdrawal āta i te katoa whakahaere meake taputapu me te whakahoutanga hangarau o te hanganga taketake, te whakapai ake whakahaere mahi, me te whakangungu ngaio o te moni kaimahi, te rapu me te whanaketanga o ngā rārangi pakihi hou. E ringa rehe (rite te wahi o te hapori -. Neke atu i te 30 āpiti ki te tokotoko o e pā ana ki 6 mano kaimahi) ka tukua ki te noho haumaru i roto i ngā āhuatanga ōhanga uaua. Titiro fafau kaupapa hanga i runga i te takutai o te tauranga ipu nui o te tipu, te whakarato oko rōpū take bunkering ratonga.

Kei te tumanako te reira e te kaupapa here taurite, me te mātau o te Poari Whakahaere ka hoki mai te hanahana o mua o te (Putilov) wheketere Kirov.