IL-476: ngā Hangarau, wahie kohi, whakaahua

Rererangi i roto i to tatou whenua he pakiaka hohonu me te hītori rawa kororia. Rawa piro ki te mataara, rite te mea i teie nei e maha rererangi Russian piri ti'aturi i runga i kaituku ke. Aua'e, kua te taua katoa i riro he kaupapa here roa-tatali o oti whakakapinga o kawemai i roto i nga tau tata nei. Otiia kotahi i reira ko te raruraru te hanga koutou ake rererangi waka.

Tae noa tata, kawea tenei mahi i roto i tahi ki te CB Ukrainian "Antonov" engari ki te kawe i runga i ki tenei umanga pakihi kei te piki uaua hoko. I roto i te tahi atu mea, e kore e ngata i te te taha Ukrainian e pā ana ki te homai me te whanaketanga i te hōia Russian. Hoatu noa, hoki tata kotahi tekau nga tau, "Antonov" a kihai i taea e whakaherea tetahi mea faufaa hou.

Taimi nounou mei ai, ka hoatu e matou ahua te tīmatanga e pā ana o tona hōtaka ake, te hua o nei kia waiho te waka rererangi production kāinga rawa hou o te IL-476. Na te mahi i runga i tona hanganga i roto i te tārere ki tonu.

Mō whakamohoatanga me ētahi atu āhuatanga

Kei te mohiotia te reira e ko te tapahanga o te rererangi waka hōia, me te ture i roto i to tatou whenua i te Il-76 tawhito, i riro i te Soviet Union. Ko te rererangi tuatahi o tenei piha kīia rere i runga i Mei 5, 1973. kawea Production i roto hoki i te wa roa i te rererangi tipu Tashkent. Ko te hītori o te hanga ngā o e pā ana ki 40 tau. whakahaere Tapeke ki te kohikohi e pā ana ki te mano o enei mihini, me e pā ana ki te rau o ratou i tonoa mo te kaweake.

Ko mau o tenei ra whakaaro te hanga o mihini te nuinga rerekē, ake wāteatea, me te whānui. I roto i te meka, rite wawe rite 1989, i muri i tonu te pakanga i roto i Afghanistan, te kaiārahi Soviet hopea whakapumautia i roto i te whakaaro o te hiahia ki te whakaputa i tenei rererangi. I roto i te whānui, ki te tīmata hanga o te rererangi hou i tino tūturu, mai e pā ana ki te wa ano, kua te tipu kua whakarewahia hanga o hou, engines wahie-pai PS-90A. Otiia ia i roto i Tashkent ki whakapumautia kihai i manuïa i to ratou production.

Whakakapinga o ngā pūnaha tino

Na he aha titore te hou IL-476? E rave rahi. Tuatahi o te katoa, tohunga tata tino whakakapi te parirau. Ko te engines hou PS-90A-76 Kua tāuta. Ratou aki o 14,500 ngā kg (ina tauihi ana), me te kakama teitei e 12-15%. Ki te mea kua kotahi ake tenei whānui ki te rima mano kiromita. Na he aha te mea te IL-476 wahie kohi? Ko ia 0,59 kg / kg · h, i te mea tino iti iho i te motokā o mua.

Crew o e rima iwi. tata kaha e mau ana o nga kōwhiringa hou te i 60 toni, e taea tino whakaora wahie me ngā rauemi pūtea ki te kawe atu utanga ki iti flights.

I roto i te rere i te whakamarie!

I roto i to tatou whenua, ko te hou IL-476 te rererangi waka hōia tuatahi, e whakarato ana te taumata haupapa o te whakamarie mo te waka i roto i te rere. Na, i konei i reira ko te totohu tonu, me te whare paku. Whakaae e i te tawhiti rere mōrahi o e rima mano kiromita, he o faufaa nui enei kōrero!

Kei tauiraa Room i roto i te ruma hiri motuhake, kei nei i roto i te wehenga mua o te rererangi. Displacement tāmau tank ururua koiora ko 28 rita. I roto i te parau tumu, kia kia nui tenei mo te rere kotahi, ki te whakatau i nga hiahia o te waka, me te torutoru Heketau. Mai i roto i te rahoraho-rua whakarerekē IL-476 (pikitia e te tīariari i roto i te tuhinga) e taea te kawe ake ki te kotahi rau me te rima tekau mahino Kia tino rite ai, me te rua tank atu o 80 rita ia.

Tonu i mua i maturuturu te whakamahi o ngā wāhi wharepaku kore e e wātea, mai i rite ki te tikanga i tenei wa kei te tino rāhuitia ki te wewete whiwhi jumpsuit. Otiia ki te flights roa-hao (ki whakangungu hōia ranei e mau ana i roto i te mahi whawhai tūturu) he uaua ki te pe si◊aki te faufaa o tenei auaha. I roto i tenei take, te whakamahi i te wharepaku, ka hei te wā rere katoa anake i roto i te piki me te taunga.

Ahakoa te "wharepaku" kaupapa me titiro i te tirohanga tuatahi kahore he nui, VDV mahara veterans e te tahi mau taime i ki mau ra. I te maha kitea hauora o te tangata rawa tōraro, a reira he tika o whakamoemiti katoa te kaupapa o kaiwhakanao rererangi Russian i roto i tenei mara.

Ecology - tuatahi, me te tuatahi!

I roto i runga ki te whakaritenga o nga tau tata, kua nui te mahi i mahi i roto i te rohe o te haruru whakaiti me te paheke o matū kino ki te kōhauhau. Ka rite ki te hua, e ü ana IL-476 ki te paerewa ICAO hou. tukua tonu tenei ki "tuwhera rangi" rererangi hou i roto i tata katoa rerenga kāinga kore anake, engari ano hoki i roto i te ahunga Pākehā. Kua roa kua Brussels tino o to tatou rererangi mo te taumata tiketike o te haruru poke, engari inaianei kua tino whakakorea tenei raruraru.

Oddly nui, engari ara te mau ohipa o te 90 i te wa i taea e anake pōturi iho te whanaketanga o te kaupapa, engari e kore e mutu te reira. I roto i te tīmatanga o te rau tau 2000, kua whakaritea e te kāwanatanga hou ki tino tere ake te mahi i runga i te rererangi hou. Kua i roto i te tīmatanga o 2007 i timata matou i te ohipa faaineineraa no te tīmatanga o te raupapa hanga rererangi i roto i Ulyanovsk.

Ko te āhuatanga hangarau matua o te mīhini

mahere tonu

Kei te whakaritea te reira i e i roto i 2020 ka riro i te Tāhuhu o Defence kahore iti iho i te 39 hou IL-476. Tata nei, ko te kaiurungi mea e te whakaritea reira ki te kawe i roto i ngā rerenga ki te whakapai ake tonu i te mīhini Il-76MD-90A, i te mutunga ka tautuhi me te whakakore i hē taea katoa i roto i te hanganga. Aue, He tonu te manureva Il-476 etahi raruraru i riro ia i te tauira o mua. I mua ki te tīmatanga o te raupapa hanga o ratou hiahia ki te tautuhi me te whakakore i whakahauanga.

deliveries o engines

Kua paku e te kaiwhakawhiwhi te reira i tēnei wā ki te faaineine i kua i te iti rawa 156 engines PS-90A-76, e kua hangaia ki te tāuta i runga rererangi hou. Ko te utu o tenei kirimana (rite ki te tau whakamutunga) nui te tohu o tetahi piriona US tāra. ko o ratou deliveries nahanaha ki te timata rite wawe rite whakamutunga tau. Te āhua, ka haere katoa rite rite ki hōtaka.

Whanaketanga me te huihui o engines tū i te Perm Engine Plant, i te mea tata mai cooperates tona turanga ki te ahumahi rererangi me ngā hanganga ope. Mämä noa iho, he pai mōhio o nga tikanga motuhake e kia mau te tu katoa o ona hua tenei kaihanga.

Pūmautanga me te whāwhā!

Me mōhio e te mua o te motokā hou, te manureva Il-76MD-90A tuatahi rere rua anake tau ki muri. Te fare i tāngata rawa wheako, e whakahau te Hero o Russia Nikolai Kuimov. I roto i te rangi, i rite 1 haora, me te 55 meneti te manureva. whakaae te rangatira e te mīhini hou he pūmautanga pāpātanga whakawhiti pai, ki kihai i whai i tona whāwhā tino kahore amuamu.

I roto i Oketopa o te taua tau i whakaaturia tuatahi te rererangi ki te peresideni o Russia, Vladimir Putin. I te ra ano, a ka i hainatia e te nui rawa i te wa o te kirimana i waenganui i te kaihanga me te Tāhuhu o Defence, i raro i nei ki runga ki te 2020 kia tiki i te ope rite 39 Il-476, e tino mīharo ki te hōia nei āhuatanga. Ko taua te uara kirimana ki rite 140 piriona moni. He mea homai nui mo te ahumahi kāinga, e kore nga mana i roto i nga tau o mua i te hema whakahau nui!

Ko te whakamātautau rere tuatahi

Ko te rererangi tuatahi ko IL-476 he whakamātautau rere tauine-tonu whakamutunga tau. E ai ki o ratou hua ka mohiotia e te mīhini i rite tino ture ki nga whakaritenga katoa o te kiritaki. E kawea atu whakamātautau me te patuiro i i te pae, puritia e "Ila". I roto i te raumati o te tau 2013 ka puta te tino nui hou o te rererangi utanga kāinga mo te wa tuatahi i te aroaro o nga kiritaki ke. A i runga i te MAKS rongonui.

I te Pipiri whakamutunga tau, te tuatahi IL-476, nga āhuatanga o e e hoatu i roto i tenei tuhinga, i te mutunga hurihia i roto o te hangar mō whakaminenga. Kua pouaka parirau kua takina me te wāhanga pokapū mo ratou hiri oti (te whakamahi i wahie). I muri i taua, tata rite tīmata te manureva ki te peita. Here i runga taua mea etahi atu, me utu he mutu, ka rite ki tenei tukanga kua tino taunga ki te manureva Russian hou.

Mōhiohio e pā ana te tae o te takere

Ko te meka ko e kua hoki kua whakamahia te wā tuatahi i roto i te aamu o te rererangi Russian tohu ki motu ET-69 me ET-71-momo polyurethane. Peita rawa whakawhanakehia e te evanelia rangahau (Aircraft Materials) mō te IL-476. hua Production kore mōhinuhinu (ngā whakamahia ki te tae), me te peita Matt.

Ko te pai tohaina haere te takere, rere ke āhuatanga teitei i roto i te tiaki o te rauemi whare ki matū pukuriri. I tua atu, kei te whakauaua pahore te waikano. Mai maha whai kaimahi waka ki te rere i roto i ngā āhuatanga tino uaua, ki pe si◊aki te faufaa o taua auahatanga e taea.

I te "tuatapaparaa tupuna"

kihai i te manureva tuatahi peita anake, kua oti nei te whakaaetia i roto i te Tāhuhu o Defence, engari te ingoa tika "Ulyanovsk". i rawa tono ingoa City me o ringa koti tika i runga i te ihu o te waka. whakaritea katoa rererangi muri o tenei raupapa ko ki te tautapa ingoa ki aua iwi nunui, i te mea te kāinga ki te rohe Ulyanovsk.

He aha te mea rerekē i tona mua? paerata Whakaaro whakamātautau

New IL-476, nga āhuatanga o e kua peitatia i roto i te taipitopito i roto i te tuhinga tikanga mo te hariata o te momo o taonga mō ngā take harangotengote, me te hōia, me te ki te kawe patu huaki amphibious, tae atu ki ngā waka whaiaro-tīhokatia me IFV marama. Te hanganga, ngā reira he whai wāhitanga ki te tango i runga i te poari i roto i tangata kotahi rau me te rima tekau o ngā kaimahi.

rere Modern me taputapu whakatere ( "pailati karaihe") e taea tino whakaiti i kauhoe mahi, nui whakawhānui te tirohanga whānui me te āta whakarite haumaru tiketike o te rere. I roto i te wāhi mahi, i reira he he rōpū tohu kaiwhakatere whaiaro e whakaatu nga raraunga rere tino nui i roto i te wā tūturu.

Oleg Ganovich, ko wai te mea he paerata whakamātautau ngaio, na ta te rerekētanga pōti utanga Ukrainian He-70 me Il-476: "I roto i te te engines hou oma-ake whakarato whakatere pai, patua hoki te tikanga whakamuri hou ai i muri i taea te hohoro atu utua tere taunga. Pai nga tohu hou e whakaatu te auau o te piki ... Pilots me Engineers e inaianei i to ratou ake tohu rere, e tauturu i te rota tere ki te hanga whakatau ara i roto i te mau tupuraa fifi ".

faaohie

Mämä noa iho, e tauturu te hou waka rererangi IL-476 ka riro tona tāngata, me te pānui i te mōhiohio rere, me te whakaterenga. Ko te tūnga mokowā o te hou-whakatupuranga rererangi e taea e hohoro a tata kahore hapa ki te whakatau i roto i tetahi rangi, i runga i te ara i runga i ngā momo katoa o te whenua. I roto i te mīhini o mua mahi reira katoa anake tahi-taraiwa, te kawenga ki runga i ētahi wā tupu te paua.

Na te piha IL-476 (ko te whakaahua i roto i te pepa) kua na maha tohu e te mea e wātea ana tenei mōhiohio katoa ki tetahi pairati, he kowaiwai o te hiahia ki te kia raruraru e whiriwhiringa ki te kaiwhakatere.

kawea te mahi katoa i runga i te waka rererangi motu i roto i anake i roto i te puka hiko, i runga i te taputapu rorohiko hou me ngā hōtaka motuhake. Kua whakaaetia tenei katoa ki te whakaiti i te tupono o ngā hapa hoahoa me hape. I roto i te whānui, i te taputapu tawhito, e te whakamahia tonu i roto i te ahumahi rererangi kāinga, he maha nga wahi hou mō tenei hoahoa rererangi me te hanga he ta'efakapotopoto noa.

Ko te āhua o te tipu o nāianei

I tēnei wā, "Aviastar-SP" whanaketanga o te hinonga i runga i nei te waka rererangi hou ka kia arumoni hua, kei te skyrocketing. Kua paku e tenei ra i roto i te whakaminenga hangars reira e te iti rawa 13 waka i roto i ngā wāhanga ngā o te whakaminenga. Kua whakaturia e te kāwanatanga te ūnga ki te kawe mai i te take o te iti o 18 rererangi ia tau. Haunga toutou whakahuatia 39 rererangi mo te ope, e hiahia ana te hōia ki te tono hoki i te iti rawa 50 waka.

I tua atu, moni i roto i te tikanga hou whakaaturia e ngā māngai o Tāhuhu o Situations Emergency, e e whakamahere kē ki te hoko e pā ana ki te ono rererangi. Ka rite ki ngā māngai o te tipu, whakaritea ana e ia ki te hoko ano hoki etahi tari o te Interior Tāhuhu me te FSB, me te he maha o kiritaki ke.

I tua atu, i te wheketere he huinga oti, me te hanga o te-124-100 "Ruslan", i roto i to tatou whenua, ko te nei tonu te rota. I roto i te rahinga iti whakaputaina Tu-204SM. Kei te whakamaheretia hoki te reira ki te tohatoha kaha hinonga-tuku o te hou MS-21. Mämä noa iho, te whakato kua ki te rā nui whakahau. koa e te nuinga o ratou e whakakaha ārai to tatou whenua o ko ahau.