Kaha puāwai

Kia mahi o te whakamātau ohie: tango i te iti pōro rapa teeraa, me te "kāore" i roto i te wai. Ki te hōhonu rumaki ko ara 1-2 mita, e mea ohie kia kite e iti tona rōrahi te, arā, i runga i taha katoa e crimp te pōro etahi kaha. Kei te nuinga o te wā ka mea te reira e reira e pēhanga hydrostatic "hara" - A ope tinana mahi i runga i fluids pahoho rumakina tinana. ope Hydrostatic mahi i runga i te tinana i taha katoa, me o ratou hua, e mohiotia ana ko te kaha Archimedes, tonu ka karanga te pana, e hāngai ana ki te ahunga o tona pānga i runga i te tinana rumakina i roto i te wai.

kitea Archimedes tona ture pono whakamātau, ka tatari tona tika ariā mō te tata 2,000 tau i mua i kitea Pascal te ture o hydrostatics mo pahoho wai. E ai ki tenei ture, tuku i te pēhanga i roto i te inu i roto i ngā tohutohu katoa ahakoa o te rohe i runga i mahi ai i runga i nga rererangi katoa e tarapekepeke te wai, a ka he rite ki te P mata me S haere te tukunga noa tona uara. whakatuwheratia Pascal a tirohia te ture i runga i te wheako i roto i te 1653. E ai ki a ia, i runga i te mata o te tinana rumakina i roto i te wai i runga i taha katoa i te pēhanga hydrostatic.

Kī e oko ki te wai i roto i te puka o te tinana rumakina kupiki hohonu H ki L - tawhiti i te mata wai ki te mata runga. A, no te tenei rohe raro ko hoki te H hohonu + L. whakahaua te F1 kaha pere, mahi i runga i te mata o runga kei te raro, me F1 = r * g * H * S, te wahi r - wai kiato, g - whakatere o mahara.

Ko te F2 kaha pere, faaitehia te i runga i te waka rererangi o raro whakarunga, ka hoatu tona uara e F2 = r * g * (H + L) * S.

Ko te tahumaero o ngā tōpana i ngā mata taha tahi taurite, na muri waho i te whakaaro. Puāwai kaha F2> F1 me whakahaua i raro ki runga, a ka piri ki te mata raro o te kupiki. Tautuhi tona F uara:

F = F2 - F1 = r * g * (H + L) * S - r * g * H * S = r * g * L * S

Kia mahara taua L * S - .. He te rōrahi o te V kupiki, me m ki r * g = p tohu te wae taimaha inu, ka whakatau te taimaha o te kaha Archimedean tātai te rōrahi o te wai rite ki te rōrahi o te kupiki, i.e. Ko ïa tenei te taimaha o te wai ngā e te tinana. He pārekareka ki te kōrero e pā ana ki te parau tumu Archimedes ' he taea anake hoki te taiao, te wahi i reira ko te kaha o te te mahara - i roto i ngā āhuatanga o te weightlessness, e kore e te ture mahi. I te pae hopea, te tātai o te ture o Archimedes ko e whai ake:

F = p * V, te wahi p - wai mahara motuhake.

kaha Archimedean taea te mahi rite te pūtake mo te tātari o te tinana e puāwai ana. Ko te huru hoki tātaritanga ko te ōwehenga o te tinana taimaha utaina Pm me PF taimaha wai ki te rōrahi rite ki te rōrahi o te rumakina ki te tinana wai. Ki te Pm = px, te tinana tere i roto i te wai, a ki te Pr> PF, te piko tinana. Kore, puta te tinana kia rite ki te kaha ua anaanatae roa ōrite te taimaha o tuha te wahi tu arapaki mau o te tinana te wai.

parau tumu Archimedes 'me ona whakamahinga he hītori roa i roto i te hangarau, tīmata ki te tauira matarohia o te whakamahi o mohiotia, me te tere whakaurunga ki pūangi me airships katoa. Here takaro reira he tūranga e pā ana te hau ki te āhua o te mea e ko simulates rawa inu. Ko te kupu, i roto i te taiao rangi ki tetahi ahanoa puāwai kaha mahi rite taua rite i roto i te wai. ka mau te whakamātau tuatahi ki te kawe i roto i rangi poihau rere Montgolfier teina - ki tonu ratou i te poihau ki paowa mahana, na e ko iti iho i te taimaha o te rōrahi taua o hau matao te taimaha o te herehere i roto i te poihau hau. ko te take o te tenei anga, ka i tāutuhia tona uara rite te rerekētanga i roto i te taimaha o te buka e rua. He whakapai ake i poihau pūwera, e tonu heats te rangi i roto i te poihau. Ko reira mārama e te whānuitanga ti'aturi i runga i te roa o te pūwera. I muri mai i runga i airships whakamahia mō te whakakī i te hau ki te mahara motuhake iti iho i taua o te hau.