Kauhanga Beskydy: whakaahuatanga, anō me te whakaahua

He mea katoa ki te waiho i te mana angitu Ukraine. Ko te tūranga matawhenua pai hanga reira he wāhi tauwhiro mo nga mea katoa o taonga e haere mai ana i Ahia, a Russia ki Europa me hoki. Ko te tūnga kūpapa o te kāwanatanga mō ngā tau e maha i āwhina te whenua whiwhi whakapaipai anake i te tikanga o te whakawhiti o taonga, kahore hanga i tetahi kaha. Ko te huanui matua honotanga nga whenua Pākehā whakawhanakehia, hokohoko ki nei he pai, me te whaihua, haere i roto i nga maunga Carpathian. Hoki ki te whenua faufaa i enei wāhanga o rori me ngā rārangi rerewē i roto i te huru taea pai me ki puta tiketike. kauhanga Beskydy - tetahi o nga rārangi tino nui tereina - tawhito morare, tū a-hinengaro hoki te wa roa. timata te āhuatanga ki te whakatika i anake i roto i te 2013.

Overview

kauhanga Beskydy haere i roto i te whānuitanga maunga Carpathian me hono Beskid Station Skotarske. E pā ana te reira ki te rerewē Lviv, me tona roa, ko te 1750 mita. I hanga te kauhanga tuatahi i te wa ka nō te wahi ki te hauauru o Ukraine hakari-ra ki te Austro-Hungarian Empire. Acting inaianei kauhanga - te taua tau rite te Hiha Franz Josef.

Ko tōna hanga i roto i te 1886 ko o faufaa nui, a inaianei he rautaki nui hoki te ōhanga Ukrainian tenei rohe - neke atu i te 60% o taonga transiting i roto i Ukraine ki Western Europe haere i roto i te kauhanga Beskydy. i pakaru kauhanga Old e te pahūtanga i roto i te taui o te hoia Hungarian i roto i te Pakanga Tuarua o te Ao, hanga ana ope o nga rerewē USSR, a whakatuwheratia hoki te mahi i roto i te 1946. Ka rite ki o te tenei ra - ko reira te ara Pākehā anake, e kua he-kaupapa kotahi. Kia tika na waenganui i te kauhanga, te rārangi ake tereina. He ara hou solves te raruraru, me te torutoru ētahi atu.

take pūtea

I te tīmatanga, e hiahia ana te kauhanga raro tawhito ki te whakapai ake, te whakawhānui i me te hoatu taputapu hou. Counting nga utu i waenganui i te hanga me te whakahoutanga o te huarahi tawhito whakakitea e ka waiho atu e tika ana te tuuraa o te peka hou. hipokina ana te kaupapa i te kamupene kāwanatanga "Ukrzaliznytsia", me te tapeke utu o nga mahi katoa o neke atu i te 2 piriona hryvnia, i te mea te hōtaka tino nui-tauine mo te wā katoa o te mana motuhake Ukrainian.

ka mau pūtea te "Pākehā Bank mo whakatikatika me Development" (EBRD) me te 'Pākehā Investment Bank' (EIB). Funds tohaina rite whakaaro taurewa i raro i taurangi kāwanatanga. Mana o te tohatoha ko te kamupene haapa'o Austria 2Consulting: i waho e kore te whakaaetanga o te māngai mana o tetahi pene kotahi ka haere atu. E ai ki te kaupapa, riro te kawenga katoa he kauhanga hou, a ka kia whakamahia te whare tawhito hei ara kē i roto i te hui o te ohorere.

hanga tika

Ko te kauhanga hou Beskydy whakatakotoria i roto i te toru tekau mita atu i te nāianei. Ka tīpoka reira ki te 100 o tereina takirua i roto i te ra, ie. E. Whakanuia i te tōtika o 47 nga wa, he rite ki te 60 km ia haora te tere kaupapa o te hanganga. wāhi motu o rua-ara te kauhanga, rite ki te tauira, ko te 115 mita pūrua. Te wā pūtāhui, kia rite ki whakatau tata tohunga, ka kia e pā ana ki 100 nga tau tau.

Ko te huanui tawhito i roto i te koroua, me te tiaki o tona kakama - he hiahia akiaki, engari ko reira raruraru. Tere haere ana i roto i te tereina kauhanga tawhito ko te 40 anake kiromita ia haora, i roto i nga wahi maha, kua pakaru te ararewa i roto, wai ngoto ki te raro, i te mea he aha i reira he turuturu tamau, a i roto i te hotoke, ko te tika katoa ra ki te tango i roto i o te kauhanga ake ki te 15 toni o paari tio i runga i nga haurangi.

tīmata te mahi

Te whakatuwhera i ngā whai wāhitanga hou tatari pou e rua i roto i Europa, me i Russia rite tino nui kauhanga Beskydy mō whanaunga ōhanga te ao. timata Construction ki te hanganga tohuwāhi, kawea he tipu iti mo te hanga o te whatunga hiko raima i roto i, hanga, hangaia me arawaka whariki. No te kaimahi hanga he whare mo te ohipa faaineineraa ka tango e pā ana ki te tau.

whakamana Tunnel arearenga i roto i te 2 ngā wāhanga. Ko tā te wāhanga tuatahi te wahi whakarahirahi o runga (kallota), i reira whakaritea te he wa i whakaritea i te Here whakarewa. Ko te taahiraa tuarua ko te whakaritenga o te wahi o raro ki te tauira atu o te oneone ki te hohonu o te 3 mita. Ki te ko te kauhanga tawhito, tetahi o nga raruraru i te ara maihi, taka te wāhi o runga i roto i te waenganui o te kauhanga, hanga i te wahi tuarua o te tereina ara haere i te tere tiketike, te tetahi hou e tīmata ki te mata runga. I te pae hopea e whai kauhanga Beskydy te whanui o 10.5 mita. Teitei o te whare, ka kia 8.5 mita.

hangarau ngotonga

kawea ara gasket tikanga explosives e tutuki nga āhuatanga o nga Carpathians wahi Beskydy kauhanga hanga. Ko te kaikirimana e mahi ana i te tikanga - Construction Association "Interbudmontazh". 180 ngaio rave i roto i te mahi. ngā huringa, kătahi Daily o te whai i ēnei:

• rua kōhao mō explosives.
• pahū Bookmark me te pahūtanga.
• Ventilation.
• Kōwhiringa me te hurihia hoki toka i te raro.
• Whakaū i te kikorangi o ngā hanganga maitai.
• maputia mīhini mai raima.

I roto i te hononga ki te ngingio tata ngā, engari kauhanga raro tawhito te hautoa o te toka ngingio mahi e kawea atu i roto i te "matapihi" ka reira he kore irava o tereina. I muri i ia pahūtanga takina te mana kauhanga tawhito te.

te ahunga whakamua o te mahi

Beskydy mo te hanganga o te kauhanga tereina i roto i te tatau whānui o 81.000 mita pūtoru o te raima, ka e whakamahia, neke atu i te 7000 tana o pu whakarewa. ngā te kaupapa te hanga o e pā ana ki 50 niches me 12 kāmera me te whare katoa. Hoki te mahi tika, kaimahi tiaki, a taea e huna ana hōneatanga i waenganui i te rua whakatakotoria te kauhanga roa hangarau. Ki te aroturuki i te āhua o tana pūnaha karaka tirotiro kauhanga ō, tāuta te pūnaha ventilation, ka mau on me rama ohorere, ka hono pūoko whakatau te wāhi hau kukū.

whakaritea te kaupapa katoa ki te ringa o roto 2016, engari rite ki ngā pūrongo pāpāho, anake te wā tuatahi o te hanganga i te pae "Beskydy kauhanga" oti i roto i Hānuere 2016. Whakaahua i te scene whakaatu te āhua takawaenga o te tukanga. oho Release Rā ki te hauwhā whakamutunga o 2017. he tika ki te whanaketanga haere tonu i roto i Ukraine (ato), ka oti te hanga mo etahi wa kua whakatotoka ana no te mea o te aukati i runga i te hoko o explosives kāinga tenei. muri No muri i roto i te whiwhi whakaaetanga ki te hoko ki waho, a ka anō mahi.

Mahi hanganga me te mahi tikanga

Te āhuatanga i roto i te hanga o te kauhanga Beskydy noa tēnei wā. Kua oti pai faaue te wāhanga tuatahi i roto i te Hānuere 2016. E kawea mahi i huri noa i te karaka. Kei te mahi Company "Interbudmontazh" Tohunga i runga i te tumu parau no te toru wiki, aru e whitu nga ra e i te kāinga. He kaimahi me te engineering te kaimahi o te Lviv w / d i te hanga o te 3-4 ra mahi piritahi, i muri nei kia waiho e ratou te nui ano o te putanga.

E ai ki te hanganga kaimahi, i raro i te maru o te mahi Pākehā ngāwari. Ka kitea tënei i te maunga, me nga kaihanga ariki ratou. ka nga tāngata whenua i te mahi: i roto i te wāhi kai, whakaū me te fare tata'iraa, he paku-wheketere, i te kaiwhakawhiwhi ona ake hanga raima. 80 anake ngaio e mahi ana i roto i te rerenga. He rōpū katoa o 180 iwi.

hanga kāwanatanga

I tua atu ki te kauhanga, kua hiahiatia reira ki te hanga me te hanga i te hanganga katoa, i meatia kahore tetahi i roto i nga tau o te rangatiratanga o Ukraine. Ko te pakanga matua mo te pūtea, me te hanga kei raro i te ara i roto i ēnei wāhanga o te mahi. I tua atu, i te herenga pūtea, kua rite kē te taha Pākehā, me moni tohaina whakahaere whakamahi. Ko rite ki rekureihana ao, kua whakaratohia te Bank 75% o te mahi pūtea katoa, te toenga o te pūtea - mo pūtahi Iukereiniana, a he ana ratou i roto i kore hohoro ki te whakawhiti ratou, na rā otinga i roto i 2017, e kore katoa te mea tūturu.

Ko Tūnga Beskydy kauhanga raro i te kau i runga i te tīmatanga-ake o te wāhanga tuarua o te hanganga me te tūmanako tiketike mo te mutunga hohoro. Ko te taha ki Ukrainian i te mata o te kamupene hanga mārama rite nga herenga pai ki te hoatu i te nikau ki te mau a'oraa ki rangatira Ukrainian ki te hoa Pākehā.