Sentimentalism - Ko te au e kore anake i roto i te ahurea me te tuhinga, ko reira matua he āhua o te ngakau o te hapori tangata i etahi he wāhanga o te whanaketanga, i timata ahua i mua, a roa i te 20 o ki te tau 80 o te rau tau XVIII i Europa, i Russia, ko reira te mutunga o XVIII - te timatanga o ngā rau tau XIX. He hoê mana'ona'oraa nga tohu matua - i roto i whakaae te natura taata i te tuatahi o nga rongo, e kore te ngakau.
Mai i te ngakau ki rongo
Sentimentalism kati te Māmá, i hipokina te rau tau katoa XVIII, a ki rö te maha o nekehanga tuhituhi. Tenei Classicism me Rococo, i mua-Romanticism me sentimentalism. Kua whakaahuatia ētahi tohunga e whai ake nei i te aronga o te whakaaro te romanticism me taeae tāutuhia ki mua-Romanticism. Ia o ēnei wāhanga he ona ake āhuatanga motuhake angamaheni, ia he ona ake tuakiri normative, kotahi nei ngā āhuatanga pai faaite i te tahi atu au, i te mea tino pai mo te ahurea i homai. Ka taea e koe te whakaingoa i te tohu torutoru o sentimentalism. Tenei arotahi ki runga i te takitahi, i runga i te kaha me te mana o nga rongo, te tūturu o te natura i runga i te ao.
ki te āhua
Tenei au i roto i te tuhinga i runga i nga ngā mua, me te whai rerekē matua i roto i te fifi o te ngakau tangata. Ko te tino hiahia ki te tapatahi, naturalness, te hero o te mahi riro atu tuakiri manapori, maha māngai o te iwi noa. Kei te hoatu e tokanga nui ki te ao i roto o te tangata, me te āhua, o te mea ia. Ko nga tohu o te sentimentalism enei. Mana'o he whakaaro noa, koropiko, Classicism ara deified ranei tonu. Na reira i kaituhi-sentimentalists haere noa nui o whakaaro, me te whakaatu i te reira i roto i te hua, e kore te hoki romia ki tino Classicism anga arorau.
puka tuhituhi New
Ko te matua momo o sentimentalism - he haere me pakimaero, engari e kore e ohie, engari haapiiraa, ranei i roto i pukapuka. Letters, rātaka, haamana'oraa - nga momo tino pinepine whakamahia, mai taea ratou whānui ki te whakakitea te ao i roto o te tangata. I roto i te rotarota, te hoatu hiahia ki te Elegy me te pukapuka. Ko, te momo tuhituhi i roto i a ratou ano, rawa, tohu o sentimentalism. e kore e taea e Pastoral no ki tetahi atu aronga atu atu i whakaahuatia.
i reactionary me ohaoha te sentimentalism Russian. Māngai i tuatahi Shalikov Petr Ivanovich (1768-1852). Ana mahi i te utopia oaoa - te kingi ore pai, tonoa e te Atua ki te whenua anake, mo te whakaaro ki o te oaoa o te kaiahuwhenua. No ngā whakahēnga pāpori - idealism me te ao pai. Mahalo te whakawhetai ki te mahi kawa-reka o tenei kaupapa tuhituhi i whakaritea etahi tearfulness me artificiality, e te tahi mau taime mohio a rite te tohu o te sentimentalism.
Ko te kaiwhakarewa o sentimentalism Russian
māngai faahiahia o te au ohaoha ko Karamzin Nikolay Mihaylovich (1766-1826) me te tīmatanga o Zhukovskiy Vasiliy Andreevich (1783-1852), e mohiotia. Ka taea e ara e koe te karanga i te torutoru kaituhi ohaoha-whakaaro ahu whakamua - tenei AM Kutuzov, e kua oti rawa Radishchev "Journey i St Petersburg ki Moscow", M. N. Muravev, paari, me te rohi pehe I. I. Dmitriev, rohi pehe, fabulist me translator, vv Kapnist ko N. A. Lvov. Ko te hua tuatahi me tino Tūrongo o tenei au ko te kōrero o Karamzin "Poor Liza". Me kï reira e nga tohu o sentimentalism i roto i te tuhinga i Russia āhuatanga motuhake o Europe. Ko te mea matua ko te haapiiraa, morare, me te mātauranga mahi pūāhua. ka mea a Karamzin e kia tuhituhi koutou rite kōrero koe. Ko te kupu, tetahi atu āhuatanga o te sentimentalism Russian ko ki te whakapai ake i te reo o te mahi tuhituhi. Me kï reira e te whanaketanga pai noa te kitea o tenei kaupapa tuhituhi ranei kei e te tuatahi reira tahuri ki te ao wairua o te iwi o nga akomanga o raro, te heheu mai tona taonga me te manaaki. I mua i sentimentalists iwi rawakore, rite ki te tikanga, whakaatu reira taratara, ngako, he taea ki tetahi varua.
"Liza Poor" - te sentimentalism Russian runga
He aha e nga tohu o te taeae i roto i "Poor Liza"? He mania te wahi o te kōrero. E kore te mea e te ataahua o reira. hopoi mai te whakaaro rawa o te mahi ki te kaipānui te meka e naturalness me taonga ao o Lisa, he kaiahuwhenua ohie, he ta'e pai ki te ao pai-mātauranga, fakamāmaní, haapiihia Eratu, i whānui, me kore te tangata kino, engari whakauria anga tairururaa, e kore tuku ki a ia marena kaumeá. Otiia kihai ia i i whakaaro ki te kia marena, no te mea te whakatutuki te tauutuutu, Erast ki tonu o te whakatoihara, ngaro ki Lisa moni, kua mutu te reira ki te waiho hoki a ia i te faahoho'araa o te viivii ore, me te hara ore. Rawakore kotiro kaiahuwhenua, ara tonu ake o te kororia, te ti'aturi i runga i te tangata taitama taonga, te ware heke (e e mea e pā ana ki te whanui o te wairua me te whakaaro manapori), whakaritea tuatahi mo te rere whakamutunga ki te hāroto. Ko te rangatiratanga o te kōrero i roto i te huarahi tino rerekē, me te tirohanga rauhanga ngā kaua banal. Kei sentimentalism i roto i "Poor Liza" (ataahua o te wairua o te tangata noa, me te āhua, te fifi o te aroha) hanga he rongonui mīharo i roto i ona to'utangata te kōrero. Na te harotoroto, i roto i nei toremi Lisa, i huaina e tona ingoa (rawa tika he wahi i roto i te aamu kī). Ko te take i kua meinga te kōrero he kaupapa, ko te meka e mohio e tuhituhi "Poor Liza" Karamzin tata katoa i roto i nga raukura o ngā kura Soviet nāianei, rite "Evgeniya Onegina," Pushkin me "Te tauhou" Lermontov.
Tuatahi i France
Sentimentalism iho - te āhuatanga i roto i te pakimaero nui atu i Classicism ki tona rationalism me maroke, me ona marohirohi, e, rite ki te tikanga, i karaunatia upoko rangatira ranei. "Julie, te Heloise New ranei" e Jean-Jacques Rousseau whawhati ki pakiwaitara a whakatakotoria nga turanga mo te aronga hou. Kua i te mahi o te kaiwhakarewa o nga tohutohu i tohu noa o te sentimentalism i tuhinga, hanga he pūnaha toi hou, i waiata nga whakamoemiti a te tangata noa, e taea o aumauiui, kahore tetahi whaiaro huamoni-ki etahi, ta'efakangatangata utuafare here, pono koa i roto i te oaoa o ētahi atu.
Ritenga me ngā rerekētanga
Tohu o te Classicism he me sentimentalism rawa rite, no te mea no e rua o ēnei wāhi ki te wā o te Māmá, engari i reira e ano rerekētanga. whai kororia Classicism me deifies take me te taeae - mana'o. Ko te pepeha matua o ēnei wāhanga hoki rerekē: ko reira te "tangata, he pononga ki nga tikanga pakeke o take" puāwaitanga i roto i te hoê mana'ona'oraa - "People ite". mahi Miscellaneous me ngā puka o tuhituhi - te arorau me te nanakia i roto i classicists, me digressions taonga, ngā whakaahuatanga, haamana'oraa me pukapuka o nga mahi e kaituhi o kaupapa tuhituhi i muri. I runga i te i mua, te whakahoki ki te pātai o te mea e nga āhuatanga matua o te sentimentalism. Ko te kaupapa matua o te mahi o te aroha. Tūmomo-motuhake - Pastorale (Elegy), he kōrero hoê mana'ona'oraa, te tuhi me te haere. I roto i te mahi - te fifi o te mau tumu ite me te natura, faka'ehi'ehi mei straightness.