Ko te hanganga o te pokapū pūtau. āhuatanga hanganga o te pokapū pūtau

Kei te whakamatauria te reira e e te aroaro nga pūtau o kaiao eukaryotic kiriuhi pūnaha, organelles hanga pūmua, me te hanganga phospholipid. Heoi, i tenei tikanga i reira ko te okotahi nui. E rua organelle (pokapū pūtau me te ribosome), me te organelles o nekehanga (ngä makawe me te flagella) he hanganga membrane-kore. He aha e hanga e ratou? I roto i tenei pepa e tamata tatou ki te kitea he whakahoki ki tenei pātai, me te ako i te hanganga o ngā pūtau o te pokapū pūtau, maha huaina te centrosome.

ahakoa i roto i nga pūtau te pokapū pūtau katoa

Ko te meka tuatahi e pūtaiao hiahia - he aroaro kōwhiringa o tenei organelle. Na, harore raro - Chytridiomycota - a roto i te tipu teitei ehara i te mea. Ka rite ki huri i te reira i roto i, pükohu, i roto i ngā pūtau tangata, me te i roto i te nuinga o ngā kararehe he tika te aroaro o te pokapū pūtau ki effectuate te tukanga o te whāū pūira me te whāiti pūira. Ko te ara tuatahi ki te faaite i ngā pūtau somatic, me te tahi atu - sex. kaiuru whakahauanga i roto i ngā tukanga e rua kia paingia te centrosome. Hahiraa ona centrioles ki te amo o te pūtau rohe me te therebetween tensioning muka me whakarato atu kakawaea pūira piri ki enei ngangana, me te amo o te pūtau whaea.

rangahau mōkitokito whakakitea āhuatanga o te pokapū pūtau o te hanganga. Kei roto te reira i i tetahi ki te maha tinana mātotoru - centrioles i nei te mahuetanga microtubules fanwise. Ka ako matou i roto i te taipitopito atu te ahua me te hanganga o te pokapū pūtau.

Centrosome i roto i ngā pūtau interphase

I roto i te huringa ora o ngā pūtau o te pokapū pūtau taea te kite i roto i te wā i huaina interphase. Tata te membrane karihi kei te nuinga o whakaritea e rua microcylinder. Kei roto i ia o ratou o tubules pūmua kohia e toru nga wahi (te demoni). E iwa o enei hanganga hanga he centrioles mata. Ki te tokorua o ratou (e tupu maha), kei te tū ratou ki tetahi ki tetahi i koki matau. I roto i te wā o te ora i waenganui i nga wehenga e rua o te hanganga pūtau i roto i te pokapū o te pūtau ko ngā te taua i roto i eukaryotes katoa.

Ko te ultrastructure o te centrosome

Hei ako i roto i te taipitopito i hanga te hanganga o te pokapū pūtau i taea e te whakamahi o te karu whārahi irahiko. Kua kitea Scientists e ipurau centrosome i te āhuatanga e whai ake nei: tona roa - 0.3-0.5 microns, diameter - 0.2 microns. rererua tika centrioles Tau i mua i te wehenga. Ko te tika tenei ki te whakarite e te whaea, me te tamahine pūtau rawa whiwhi e wehewehe i te pokapū pūtau, arā, o rua centrioles. Āhuatanga o te pokapū pūtau o te hanganga takoto i roto i te meka e nga centrioles e kėia reira, he kore ōrite, tetahi o ratou - pakari (whaea) - kei atu tūemi: amiorangi peritsentriolyarny me ona konga. centriole teeki he pae motuhake i huaina wira kata.

centrosomes Whanonga i roto i whāū

Kei te pai te mohiotia te reira e te tupu o te rauropi, me te tona uri puta i te wae timatanga o te taumata kararehe, i te mea he pūtau. hanganga Cell, wāhi me te mahi o te pūtau, me te tona cytology organelles whakaaro. Ahakoa te meka e kua whakahaeretia kairangahau he rota o te rangahau, kua matau tonu painga te pokapū pūtau, ahakoa tona tūranga i roto i te wehenga pūtau elucidated tino. I prophase o whāū me te whāiti pūira i roto i prophase o centrioles whāiti pūira te mahuetanga ki te amo o te pūtau whaea, ka atu te hanganga o te muka miro. tāpiri ratou ki nga centromeres o ngā pūira constriction tuatahi. Te aha e mea e tika ana?

pūtau muka Anaphase

Kua whakapumautia ngā o Boveri, Neil A. me ētahi atu pūtaiao kei te honohono te hanganga o te pokapū pūtau me ona mahi. Ko te aroaro o rua centrioles, pai pourua ki te faatura ki te amo o te pūtau, me aho muka therebetween whakarite te ara tohatoha o pūira hono ki microtubules, ia o nga amo pūtau matua.

Ko te kupu, Ko te taua i roto i ngā pūtau tamahine i roto i te whāū hawhe (i roto i te whāiti pūira) ranei atu te pūtau matua taketake te tau pūira. Rawa ngā Ko te meka e te hanganga o te pokapū pūtau me huringa correlative e pā ana ki te wāhanga o te huringa ora pūtau.

tātari Chemical o organelles

Hei mahino pai te mahi me te tūranga o te ako centrosome, he aha e kua ngā te matū i roto i tona hanganga. Ka rite ki ai e tūmanakohia, e ārahi pūmua. Kati te reira ki te haamana'o e te ti'aturi i runga i te aroaro o ngā rāpoi ngota peptide roto reira ano te hanganga me te mahi membrane pūtau. Kia mahara e roto i te pūmua centrosome riro motility. Ko ratou wahi o microtubules i huaina e tubulins. Hono ako i te hanganga waho, me te ā o te pokapū pūtau, whakahuatia matou āhuatanga pŭpŭ tauturu: āmiorangi peritsentriolyarnye me konga centrioles. ngā ratou tseneksin me miritsitin.

He hoki pūmua e whakahaere te utu o matū organelle. Tenei kinase me phosphatase - peptides motuhake kawenga mō te microtubule nucleation, arā, mo te hanganga o te rāpoi ngota-purapura kaha, e haamata ki te kōtuitui o tupu toropā me microfilaments.

pokapū Cell hei kaiwhakahaere o pūmua kaiota

I roto i te cytology pae hopea whakakotahi māramatanga o te centrosome rite te organelle matua te kawenga mō te hanganga o microtubules. Ngā mihi ki te rangahau te petapeta K. Fultonamozhno tautohe e te pokapū pūtau whakarato tenei tukanga i roto i wha ara. Hei tauira: muka polymerizing kakawaea, hanga protsentrioley, te hanga i te pūnaha toropā o microtubules o ngā pūtau interphase, a te mutunga, ariā o ngā āhuatanga i roto i te cilium tuatahi. Tenei mātauranga motuhake, e te mea ulungāanga mo te centrioles matua. Ma te haapii i te hanganga me te mahi o te membrane pūtau, te kairangahau kitea reira i raro i te karu whārahi irahiko i roto i te pokapū pūtau i muri i te wehenga pūtau mitotic, i te timatanga o te whāū ranei. Ko te atamira G2 o interphase rite te pai rite i roto i te tīmatanga o te riro cilium prophase. E ai ki te hanganga matū, ngā reira o ngā rāpoi ngota, me te tubulin ko te tohu e taea te whakaritea e te centriole matua pakeke. Mai te tupu te matuatanga o centrosomes? Whakaaroa nga mita katoa o tenei tukanga.

Mataora centrioles hanganga

whakapumautia Cytology e te āpiti me mātua centrioles, hanga diplosomu kore e te taua i roto i te hanganga. Ko te kupu, fringed te hanganga pakeke taonga peritsentriolyarnogo paparanga - āwheo mitotic. ka tango tonu centrioles tamahine matuatanga roa atu i te roanga o tetahi huringa ora o ngā pūtau. I te mutunga o te wāhanga tuarua o te huringa pūtau G1 centriole hou kē tavini rite te kaiwhakahaere o microtubules me ahei o te hanga i te aho muka, a hoki ana ki te hanganga o te kaupapa organelle motuhake. Ka taea e ratou hei ngä makawe me te flagella tupu i roto i te pūtau-rauropi pūtau (hei tauira, Euglena matomato, ciliate-hu), a hoki maha pükohu Chlamydomonas tauira. microtubules Flagella i hanga i roto i te pokapū pūtau, rite rawa ki te maha pua pükohu me ngā pūtau te tupuranga o te kararehe, me te tangata.

Ko te tūranga o te centrosome i roto i te mahi pūtau

Kua kite matou e tetahi o nga organelles pūtau iti (e iti iho i te 1% o te pūtau) whai wāhi ārahi i roto i te ture pūkoro o rua tipu me te kararehe pūtau. Raruraru o muka e faatupu te hanganga o ngā pūtau tamahine e ira hapa. He rerekē i te nui noa ratou huinga o pūira, ārahi ki te pūira hape. Ka rite ki te hua - te whanaketanga o te mau taata rerekē ratou mate ranei. I roto i te rongoā, whakapumautia e te hononga o te maha o centrioles mōrea o te whakawhanake mate pukupuku. Hei tauira, ki te roto i te pūtau kiri noa e rua centrioles, te kiko unuhanga i te mate pukupuku kiri heheu te hua i roto i to ratou tokomaha ki runga ki te 4.6. Enei hua he taunakitanga o te tūranga matua o te centrosome i te mana o te wehewehenga pūtau. raraunga whakamātautau Tata whakaaro he wāhi nui o tenei organelle i te tukanga o te waka intracellular. Ko te hanganga ahurei o te pokapū pūtau taea reira ki te kia whakaritea rite te ahua o ngā pūtau, me tona huringa. Tikanga whakawhanake wae centrosome kei tata ki te taputapu Golgi, e tata ana te karihi, a ki a ratou whakarato he integrative me kïia e mahi i roto i te whakatinanatanga o te whāū, whāiti pūira, me te mate pūtau programmed - apuptoza. Ko Ko te aha te cytological hou whakaaro he nui whakakotahi pūtau organelle centrosome, he kawenga hoki tona wehenga e rua, me te pākia katoa i roto i te whānui.