Ko te kaitito Tiamana Paora Hindemith: biography, te ora, auahatanga me te ngā meka

Paora Hindemith (Paora Hindemith) kua mahia ki te taitara o tetahi o nga kaiwaiata Tiamana tino pupū pūkenga. Ia tīrama takaro e rave rahi mea whakatangi, whakahaere me te ruma tito me te waiata Tira pūoru, i tuhituhi maha mahi koaea me kua mahi i runga i te opera. I roto i te Tiamana, ko ia he hou, no te mea i whakapono ia e kia waiata pūmanawa kore anake ngā kōrero takai o te himene, engari ano hoki i te ahua o te pūhiko e muri i whakarongo taea riro te ahua o te kaha morare.

Mohiotia puta noa te ao o te Seven waiata Tiamana

I roto i te hawhe tuatahi o te rautau rua tekau, i whakaaro a Paora Hindemith (haurongo poto ka e kia kōrero i roto i tēnei tuhinga) Five and Seven. whakarerea tino e ia te ahua i te wa i roto i te ao o te dodecaphony waiata. Ko tona waiata pērā tetahi tuhituhia i mua. whakaae piro Goebbels reira tetahi o te tino nui kaituhi o German, engari e kore e tenei āhukahuka kino ia i te hononga i waenganui i a Paora Hindemith me matamata taonga Nasí. takoha kaiwhakatangitangi pūmanawa me te kaitito i ki te waiho tona whenua i whanau ai. I roto i te whakarau, i tuhituhi e ia he maha nga mahi i runga i rerehua waiata e kaiwaiata hou me musicologists e tonu kaha whakamahia i roto i te mahi, me te whakangungu. i tuhituhia e ia waiata rāhuitia e te kau Nasí, whakauru inaianei i roto i te kāwai o waiata hou. I muri mai i roto i tenei tuhinga ka e whakaaro tatou haurongo, auaha, Paora Hindemith me ngā mahi i tuhituhia e ia.

mōhiohio Poto e pā ana ki te wahi o te whanau, ngā mātua, me te hapu o te kaiwhakatangitangi

Paora Hindemith, ahau Main nei mahi e mohiotia katoa i runga i te ao, i whanau tata Frankfurt, i roto i te pa iti o hānau. Head o te whānau ko te kaimahi Tiamana angamaheni - Carl Hindemith. I mawhiti tuatahi mea ai reira ke, i nei i taea e te tamaiti riro he taranata e whakaponohia, me te taringa arero mō te waiata. Otira kua mohiotia taua mea e tona papa, Karl Hindemit, he kaipeita noa, pai ki te tākaro i runga i tsintre ka ko rawa he amateurs kaiwhakatangitangi pai. Te nuinga pea, aha tuu ia i roto i tana tama i te aroha mo te toi i roto i whānui, tae atu ki te waiata.

taranata Musical me te whakangungu pukenga heke mai

whakakitea taranata o te tamaiti ake wawe nui. Mai tamarikitanga, ako ia ki te moni nui, me te ako ki te tākaro i te pahu, piana, vaiolini me te Viola. mātauranga Musical riro ia i roto i Frankfurt am Main, tomo te Conservatory. I reira, ua haapii Paulo i ki te tākaro i te wairingi, a ako ara whakahaere.

Ko te mate o tona papa i te mua, me te i roto i te mahi o te ope o Paora

I roto i te 1915, Karl - papa Paora - mate i runga i te parekura. whai wāhi Germany Kei roto i te Pakanga o te Ao e ahau, a ka he rawakore te āhuatanga pūtea o maha ngā whānau Tiamana. kaitito me o kaiwhakatangitangi whānau he kahore okotahi. he pouaru i mahue Mother Meri i ki tamariki e toru, a ka rapu a Paora mo te mahi ki te utu tika, ki te āwhina te hopoia ia. I roto i tenei wā, ko ia waimarie ki te tiki i te concertmaster mahi tuku o te Frankfurt Opera. Faatere o te upaupa i reira ko Ludwig Rottenberg. Interesting Ko te meka i marenatia muri tona tamahine a Paora Hindemith.

Piana i te whare opera whakahaere ia ki te mahi ki runga ki te 1917. aru ana tēnei e te māperetanga. He te tenei tangata taitama pūmanawa, o te akoranga, kihai i mutu ngā mahi auaha. I uru ia ki te whitiki hōia rite te pahų, riro hoki te mema o te maha o string. I roto i te 1918, i mahi ia i roto i te tūranga o te maha o wairingi tuatahi. I muri whakaoti mahi hōia, hoki a Paora ki te Frankfurt Opera House, te wahi mahi ia tae noa ki 1923 piana.

Ko te taenga mai o te maha o Lykke Amara

I roto i te wawe 20-doma i roto i te hapori waiata i roto i Germany, i mohiotia kua Paora Hindemith rite te kaitito pūmanawa, vaiolini me violist. Mahi i te Frankfurt Opera, i mahi ia e kore anake te mahi o te piana. I roto i te whakarara, te whakatangihanga a te kaiwhakatangitangi te tūranga o te whīra tuarua ki te rōpū A. Rebnera. I muri hoki mai i te ope, faaoti Hindemith ki te tākaro i roto i tenei kapa, te Viola.

Neke atu i te wa, whakaaro momo rawa nga reka waiata o tona kaitohutohu Rebnera Paora. Na puta ke ana ia te kapa, a meinga ana ia hei wahi o tetahi maha o - arahina e vaiolini rongonui Lykke Amara. Ko te kapa e roa noa 1929, a, kahore i ruarua te, ko te angitu nui e kore anake i te kāinga, engari ano i tawhiti tua atu ona rohe. Fakahoko reira tūranga Viola, te hoê mahana e mataitai i te rota, me te kite i te rota o whenua Pākehā a Paora.

Ko te whanaketanga tere o te mahi angitu

Paora Hindemith - te kaitito, nei mahi te iwi whānui tuatahi rongo i roto i te tau 1922, i roto i te pa o Salzburg, i roto i te Music Days Ao. Ko te angitu o te waiata i tuhituhia e ia kitea, ahakoa, ka kua meinga he rota o te kōrero. I te tau 1923 ka whakaritea e ia te kaiwhakahaere o te hakari o Contemporary Music, i tangohia e wahi i roto i te pa i huaina Donaueschingen. noho ai a Paora pono ki o ratou manakohanga tohutohu auaha i roto i te waiata, a kaha whakatairangatia ana i nga mahi hakari o kaitito Five and Seven. Alto wāwāhi i roto i kōnohete whakamana ia ia.

I roto i te 1927, whakaekea Hindemith he hanganga whakaako i te Berlin Hochschule für Musik, a ka whakaae ia i te reira. i tino angitu i roto i tona mahi i te tau i muri mai torutoru. I tua atu i te whakaako, kei te Paora mātātoa te aro atu i roto i te mahi takitahi, me te huri haere rite te violist. Ana kōnohete Ko te angitu pahika i roto i te US, homai ana e ia ngā mahi i roto i nga whenua maha, tae atu Ihipa ko Turkey.

Tohu o te hononga matatini i waenganui i te tikanga Nasí me te iwi auaha i roto i Germany

I roto i te 30 haere mai a ki kaha te rōpū Nasí, te hononga ki nei te kaiwhakatangitangi me kaitito tāpiri uaua. Ko tētahi take mō te hoko i te wahine o Paora - Gertrude Rotenberg, e ia i roto i 1924 ka tomo ki te faaipoiporaa ōkawa. Ko te meka e, kia rite ki ture fakalotu, e kore te reira e whakaaro he Hurai, a kahore mahu'inga motuhake nga kau Nasí. he Hurai Matua-kaiwhakatangitangi Ludwig Rothenberg i, a ko nui e. Ka rite ki nga iwi maha auaha, Paora Hindemith (nei haurongo i kite matou) whakaaro ia tangata tino apolitical. Ia nuitia korero ki o ratou hoa Hurai, kaitito me kaiwaiata, hanga kahore okotahi i runga i te papa whenua motu. O te akoranga, kihai i te Pāti Nasí rite reira, engari i roto i te tīmatanga o 30-doma o kōrero ki nga Hurai kihai i nui ki te ārai i te hanganga o kaiwhakatangi. Kei te reira āta timata te reira ki te puta i te kerēme ki te mahi rawa tenei.

huru Nasí ki nga mahi o Paora i taurangi, me te rangirua. I te tuatahi i te reira whakamoemiti noa. I roto i te 1934, Goebbels karanga ia a Hindemith tetahi o nga kaitito nāianei Tiamana tino nui, me te pūmanawa. Ētahi wā noa ko Paora i raro i te ahua o te Tuhinga Nasí. Kua tino pai ana mahi etahi māngai o te mana Tiamana. takaro hoki te wāhi nui te ingoa ao o tenei kaitito me te kaiwhakatangitangi i kore e tukua nga kau Nasí ki te pehea o reira.

ko tino uaua tūranga o Hindemith, a mo take haumaru, whakakitea ana e ia te mana tona hinaaro ki fakangaloku. I roto i te wa poto, ka tīmata a Paora ki te whakaatu i roto i te tito hou o tona hononga German me te tirohanga. I roto i te mahi hou utu ia nui aro ki te pakiwaitara German, tuhituhi mahi mauhaa i roto i te ahua o te tikanga mārama, me te mārama (angamaheni hīkoi Tiamana). Hoki te ia noho ia i roto i te whenua, ko te ngā marino, engari te aroha ki nga Hurai, me te whakaaro o Hindemith e koe kia tino noa, me te motuhake iwi, kihai i taea e ratou karanga ki te ideologues o te Tuatoru Reich.

Open aroraa ki ngā māngai o te mana Tiamana

Paora Hindemith, mahi waiata nei e whakamoemititia i roto i te whenua maha, i te kāinga taka ki te whakama tuwhera. Päoka pakanga piringa haere i runga i roto i te tau 1934. Goering mana opani faaineine mo te tuatahitia o opera o Hindemith huaina "Mathis der Maler". I roto i tetahi o ana kupu, J. Gebels kaitito ingoa-karanga "atonal Foley, kaihanga tangi". karanga fakaangá Nasí tona mahi "toi heke te". I raro i te pēhanga kaha morare mutu te mahi Hindemith i te kura Berlin, tango wa atu mo te wā tuatau.

Wehenga me hoki ki Turkey "i te mahi" o Hitler

I roto i tenei wā uaua, riro Paora he tuku i Mustafa Ataturk - kaitōrangapū Turkish me te reforomatio - toro Ankara, ka āwhina i roto i te whakawhanake i te mahere mō te faanahonaho o mātauranga waiata i roto i Turkey. whakaae hoa faaipoipo Hindemith ki te tono, me te poto waiho Germany. Kua mahi Paora ki tona mahi, ai hanga i te takoha nui ki te hanga o te hōtaka ao o te mātauranga waiata, i whakamahia i roto i te mātauranga puoro Turkish katoa. whakanohoia e ia he rota o te kaha ki i whakatuwheratia i roto i Ankara te Conservatory waiata tuatahi. Ahakoa te meka e te kaitito Turkish me kaiwhakatangitangi oaoa faatura nui, pērā maha manene nei rere i Germany i te wa, ko tana wahine, hohoro faaoti ratou ki te hoki ki te kāinga.

I muri hoki mai ki a Paora i ano ki te hanga i te rota o tukunga ki nga mana Tiamana. I roto i te 1936, e oatitia ana e ia piripono ki Hitler. Kaitito tito te himene rongonui Luftwaffe, e ki tonu ana mahi ki timata "German" tohu ki te kia whakamana i roto i tōmina katoa i runga i Germany. Otiia e kore e tenei "te rongo" ki nga kau Nasí i muri roa. I roto i te Germany tīmata he pakanga tuwhera ki momo waiata o nāianei. karanga ratou nga Tiamana "kua heke te." mahi Paora (anake mo te torutoru) hinga i raro i tenei tatararaa me, i roto i te mutunga, ratou mahi whakamutunga o te kanga whakaritea i roto i Germany.

I tua atu, i te whenua whakaū nga mehua anti-Hurai. haamata Hindemith ki wehi tino mo te haumaru o tana wahine, i ia wā mōrearea ki te tutu tinana. Ite e tona mahi e kore wahi i roto i Germany, kaitito, hanga vaiolini me violist Hindemit Paora te whakatau whakamutunga ki te waiho i te whenua.

Wehenga atu me te hokinga mai i Germany i roto i te wā kaumātua

I roto i te 1938, oho a Paora ki Switzerland, a muri heke 2 tau ki tana wahine ki te United States. I roto i Amerika, i karangatia e ia ki te kauwhau i whare wānanga whaimana pērā i Yale me Harvard. Ahakoa te meka e taea te whakawakia Hindemith o nganatanga mua i te mahi ki te kau Nasí i roto i Amerika i whakamana ana mahi, a i te angitu pahika. I huaina e ia i roto i te ao anake mo te waiata Tiamana o te wā, no te ko reira noa o te mana Nasí. Ko te wā o te noho i roto i te United States, a hinga ana i te tihi o tona mahi. I roto i te 1946, riro ia US raraunga, engari he tau torutoru i muri, i roto i te tau 1953, oho ki Zurich. He arata'i ia he kauhau i te whare wānanga rohe, me te whakahaere i te upaupa, e mahi ana i tona mahi.

ka mea ahau poroporoaki ki te ora i te mea he tangata o te poto tonu i te kāinga i roto i Germany. hoki ia ki Frankfurt, i reira ka mate ia i te tau 1963 i te whawhai o te pancreatitis.

Faito ore tuku iho waiata Hindemith

mohio a Paora Hindemith i theorist mana waiata, kaiwhakatangitangi, kaiako, kaiwhakahaere. Tenei tangata i mahue i muri i te maha nui o mahi i roto i te ngā momo waiata, kua oti te tuhituhi e ia he tokomaha nui o mahi mo upaupa, tito ruma waiata mo te ngā mea, mahi mo te ori, pŭpŭ himene me, o te akoranga, mo te opera.

Opera - he wahi nui o te ora me te mahi o Paora Hindemith

He wāhanga nui o te faufaa ai'a i mahue a Paora ki a ratou uri kia ake te opera. Nga fakaangá me musicologists whakapono e he reira i roto i mārama faaite ratou outlook kaitito me te kaiwhakatangitangi, māramatanga me te mahere o te mooni nāianei, me te tūranga morare, me te matatika, aru e te kaituhi. Ko te opera mahi Paora Hindemith tae noa ki nga ra whakamutunga o tona ora. tuhituhi te kaitito German te waiata mo te tokomaha angitu, me te pai-mohiotia katoa i runga i te opera ao, i roto i nei:

• "Mathis der Maler".
• "Harmony o te Ao."
• "NLSH-Nushi".
• "Ko te ōka - tumanako wahine."
• "Cardillac".
• "Daily News".
• "Ko te Dinner roa Christmas".
• "Saint Susanna."