Ko te rapunga whakaaro o te Age New

Ko te wā matua ki e te rapunga whakaaro o wa hou - rau eto17-18. Hoki tenei wāhanga o te whanaketanga o te whakaaro taumauri āhuatanga e te oraraa o te maha ngā wāhanga. Tenei philosopho 17-rau tau English (empiricism), arahina e Fr. Bacon (1561-1626), Gobbs, Locke; rationality ahu e Descartes (1596-1650), Leibniz Spinoza; kaupapa 18-rau o te Māmá (Voltaire, Montesquieu, Diderot, Rousseau); nounou tao'a French o te rau tau 18 (La Mettrie, Holbach, Helvetius).

Ko te rapunga whakaaro o teie tau e taea te hoatu āhuatanga whānui ki te take. Ko te whanaketanga tino o te pūtaiao arata'i ki te rironga o ngā, ture neatly whakapae. Ia o Sciences takoto i tona kaupapa, raruraru, tautuhi tona ngako me te āhua. Hehema riro sciences wehenga tino kite, me te rapunga whakaaro.

Ko te raruraru matua o te pūtaiao he matauranga o te natura. tīmata Pūtaiao ki te tūhura i te ao, i matau nei rite natura, ngā raro i te ture. I roto i tenei kaupapa puta ki te tinana o te matauranga e pā ana ki te ao, ki te whakaaroa a ka uaki i te ture motuhake o ari tinana. Te reira i mau tahuri ki te whakamātau pūtaiao. Pāpori whai wāhi revolution me pūtaiao ki te hanganga o rua ngā wāhi matua, e hanga ake te rapunga whakaaro o wa hou: empiricism me rationalism.

rapunga whakaaro Empirism rite te aronga kanohi e te wāhi o te hinengaro ariā e whakaae matua wheako tairongo rite te puna matua o te matauranga.

I roto i te tahuri, ko te roto o empiricism taua tohutohu rite te empiricism whai, me te fakamatelié. empiricism idealist arahina e George. Berkeley (1685-1753), Hume (1711-1776). E ai ki te aronga o te wheako ko te huinga noa o whakaaro, mau mana'o, me te uara rite ki te uara o te ao o te wheako. Ko te aronga tuarua i roto i empiricism ko empiricism fakamatelié, whakapumautia e Bacon me T.Gobbs. Māngai o tenei au whakapono e te puna o te wheako tangata o te ao waho.

Rationalism ki te mua te ngako arorau o te pūtaiao, ka karanga mohio o te pūtake me te paearu matua o te pono hinengaro.

kaupapa Rationalist o ngā wā hou ano i roto i te aronga whānui o te maha rerenga takitahi. i huaina Theory o te matauranga te epistemology. Rationalism i roto i te kaupapa hou e hāngai ana i runga i tenei ariā. Te tangata i roto i tona he i te ao huri noa e taui ia tatou. E pā ana te Kamupene ki te ao i te wāhi mahi o te tirohanga. te takoto te tangata mo tona ake ki te huri i te ao huri noa ia. Ko tenei huringa o te huru pai, me te whakahaere i taua i te matauranga.

kia whakamārama Epistemology te āhua o te matauranga tangata, ona ture, whāinga me ngā whai wāhitanga. Kei te ako ia i te tikanga o te mahi hinengaro, tūhura te hanganga te matauranga, te tūranga o ngā āhuatanga pāpori me te koiora o te hinengaro, me ētahi atu Epistemology e pā ana ki hinengaro, cybernetics, wetereo, me te tokomaha atu pūtaiao.

Ko te kupu, kaupapa hou mo te wa tuatahi te whakaaro e te lēsoni o pūtaiao i roto i te pūnaha āhuatanga o te empiricism me rationalism. timata Pūtaiao ki te kia matau rite te pūnaha o tenei matauranga pono. kite Empiricists te puna o te matauranga i roto i te wheako, rationalists - i roto i te ngakau. Synthesize enei whakaaro tamata Kant.

I roto i te wā o te wā mo te mahere ariki hou kua hoatu mua e tikanga inductive o te matauranga. I waenganui rapunga whakaaro me te pūtaiao i roto i nga wa hou ki te whakatū i te hononga rawa tata, i arahina ki te hanganga o te tonu pikitia pūtaiao o te ao.

Pūtaiao i tenei wā riro te tikanga e ai ki te kaupapa o te ao knowable. Kua meinga te reira i te wāhi o te tumu parau o te whakaaro taumauri. Na reira, nui ke te ahua o te ao, o te tangata, me te o te pūtaiao iho. heheu Pūtaiao ki nga tangata i te ao māori, me te āwhina i te whanaketanga o te te ao rite te katoa.