Kruglov Sergey Nikiforovich: Haurongo, me te Whānau

tamata te māngai o te nomenklatura Soviet ki te karo i publicity, no te mea ko ia te tangata fakanānā, me te mārie. Heoi, i tiketike rawa tona takoha i roto i ārahi tūranga i roto i te whakahaere tūmatanui, me whakatutukitanga rite te ahua tūmatanui. oti rawa te mahi i roto i ngā pokapū uruhi ture Kruglov Sergey Nikiforovich kua wahi nui o tona ora, a taea ana mahi e pā ana hae o te katoa. i aha nga kau taki o te kāwanatanga Soviet ki te kite ia ia? Ka rite tetahi o nga take mo tenei meka, kua tuhia tohunga te meka i a Kruglov Sergey Nikiforovich he tohu whare wānanga, e rave rahi reo ke, ko te kaiwhakahaere ngingila, tuwhera-whakaaro, whakaute ki ana kaiwhakahaere, i roto i te rerekē ki tona "hoa", e E kotahi ranei i te nuinga e rua katoa o enei mau huru. He aha i faahiahia e pā ana ki te haurongo o te Statesman me te tangata tūmatanui? Whakaaroa tenei pātai i roto i te taipitopito atu.

Tau o te tamarikitanga, me te taiohi

Kruglov Sergey Nikiforovich, tona hapu ko he kaiahuwhenua, i whanau i runga i Oketopa 2, 1907 i roto i te kainga o Mouth (Tver kawanatanga).

Aita i maoro roa i muri oho ana matua ki mua, te wahi e haere te papa ki te mahi i te tipu. Otiia i roto i te mutunga o nga 1910s, me ki uri tona whaea hoki ki o ratou kāinga tawhito.

Kua rite he taiohi, ka anga ia ki te mahi, ara ki te whangai i kararehe. Noatia, ki te wa ako i te kura, ko Sergei he iti moka. Heoi, i roto i te 1924 whakahaere ia ki te tiki i te mātauranga taketake i roto i Zubtsov. Pa tonu te tau o whitu, ka te tangata taitama he mahi hei hēkeretari o te kaunihera kainga i roto i te kainga Nikiforov. Hoki te itoito i roto i te mahi o te tangata taitamariki etahi wa i muri mai i whakaritea upoko o te kaunihera kainga.

I roto i te 1925, putapu Kruglov Sergey Nikiforovich nga rarangi o te Young Communist League me ki reira whakahaere te ruma pānui whare. Ia ka haere ki te pāmu "Vahnovo" County Rzhevsky, e kaimahi tauira tuatahi, na te mahi hanga, me atu - he tarakihana.

I te mutunga o 1928 tango te tangata taitama te Pāti Bolshevik.

Tau o te whawhai, a atu mahi mahi

Kruglov Sergey Nikiforovich hohoro tuhia ki te ope. Otiia ka muri i te reira kotahi anake te tau. Te riroraa i runga i nga pa, kua kaha ia hou ki te tikanga o te aunoa mīhini, i i whai hua ki a ia i muri i Tuhinga.

Me te ohipa ki te motherland, ka haere te tangata taitamariki ki Kustanai rohe, te wahi mahi ia rite te faiako mīhini i roto i tetahi o te whakangungu me te pāmu witi ite.

Ako i whare wānanga

Etahi wa i muri mai, Sergei Nikiforovich ite e hiahia ia ki te tiki i te mātauranga teitei, a i roto i te tau 1931 ka te ākonga o Industrial me ngä Institute. Karla Libknehta, e kei i te pane. Ko ia hohoro ke tona whare wānanga, e kore tetahi. Kawea atu e te mahi Party i roto i te ākonga, i roto i te whakarara, ka tomo ia ki te Institute o Oriental Studies (rāngai Japanese), a muri iho i te wa poto ka e ia he ākonga o History Faculty o te Institute o Ahorangi Whero, i whakatuwheratia i te aroaro o Kruglov anga o hoko he kaiako. Ko hanga whakarau i ona whakatikatika, ka i taea ki te whakaoti i te kura nui te tangata taitamariki.

mahi rōpū

I roto i te tau 1937, ka tonoa te Institute paetahi o Ahorangi Whero ki te tikanga o te rōpū. Kruglov Sergey Nikiforovich, tona biography ko o te pānga ki hītori, taka ki te Tari o te tinana ārahi rōpū, e mahi rite te kaiwhakahaere haepapa.

Ki te wheako i roto i te mahi o te Komiti Central o te CPSU (b), kua whakawhitia te tangata taitamariki ki te NKVD, e ka mahi rite te timatanga o Lavrenty Pavlovich Peria. He aha te momo o te mahi i roto i te tiaki ki te tamata i te tari hou Kruglov Sergey Nikiforovich (Commissar)?

"Ringa Matau" Peria

I ia ki te pupuri i ara o nga mea, tangata whai wāhi i "hoa" i mahi, mahi he, i nga tutukitanga. i pai Lavrenty Pavlovich ki te kōwhiringa o te kaimahi hou, me i muri i nga marama e rua anake riro Kruglov he kaiāwhina tika ki Peria, ahu te NKVD te tari kaimahi. no tenei mahi ara koi ki te kāwai o ngā faahiahia. Otiia i roto i te tau 1934 i te ti'amâraa Lavrenty Pavlovich pehia whakahou: i wehea ai ki te NKVD me te NKGB. Kruglov Sergey Nikiforovich, he whakaahua o nei i mohiotia kua pai ki te iwi whānui Soviet, tonu ki hei te "ringa matau" o Peria, e whakaakona ia ki te mahi ki te he Kemi me hanga, me te hanga tari. Otiia ko te mahi mahi i waho te hōkai o te mahi Kruglov e ora ia ia i roto i te tau 1953.

pakanga

I te timatanga o te Pakanga o te Ao e rua i hanumi ano "mana" pokapū ki tetahi. Ahakoa ōkawa Sergey Nikiforovich Kruglov ko te kaiāwhina ki Peria, te NKVD, kihai ia i farii i te whai wāhitanga, ka tonoa ki te mua.

A, no te whakatata nga Tiamana Moscow, ka mau te rangatira haumarutanga whakahau o te State hanga ārai 4 o te NKVD me te sapper ope 4. Hoki te korero o te whakapaipai i roto i te 1942, riro ia te Order o te Star Whero. Kruglov Sergey Nikiforovich (Komihana) tonu ki te mahi i roto i te tari mana, a i roto i te hotoke o 1943, te mana vahe he paetukutuku tiketike o Komihana o State Haumarutanga o te rua te ana'iraa. Te NKVD, tonu ia ki te waiho i te minita tuarua.

I roto i te 1944, mo te whakahekenga papatipu o te Ingush, Chechens, Karachai, Kalmyks i nga rohe rawhiti o te āpiha haumaru te whenua o whakawhiwhia te Order o Suvorov , 1 st tohu. Na ka tīmataria Kruglov i Ukraine OUN whawhai, i whakawhiwhia Order Kutuzov o te tohu 1. Na ka tono tangata Sergei Nikiforovich ki te Baltic States. I roto i te Lithuania hua reira horoi nui.

I te mutunga o te pakanga whakaratohia reira tiaki o röpü ke e haere ana i te amuiraa Yalta.

i muri i te pakanga,

I roto i 1945, te āpiha haumarutanga, he mema o te tira Soviet, ka tae i roto i te US San Francisco, te wahi e kia hanga te Tūtohinga UN. Mai i te Ingarihi, e tango ia i te taitara teitei o te rangatira - ". Knight o te Emepaea o Peretānia"

Hoki i roto i te 1945, ako te iwi whānui Soviet e Kruglov Sergey Nikiforovich - Minita o Taiwhenua o te USSR, i muri ia e Peria, nei i te rota o te mahi i roto i te Politburo.

mate o te rangatira

I roto i te puna o 1953 mate "rangatira o nga iwi" Josef Stalin, a, o te akoranga, kua meinga tenei meka nui huringa i roto i te taputapu o te kāwanatanga. Kotahi ano, i hanumi ratou ki tari o te NKVD me te NKGB, a tangohia ana ano te whakahaere o te hanganga mana ki runga ki Lavrenty Peria. hoki hoa Kruglov ki te tūranga o tona hoa tuatahi. I maoro wahia atu i muri i te scenes uaua mo te kaha, a ka i he tupono pai ki te tango i te pou o te matenga o te kāwanatanga te matenga o te NKVD. Otiia i ia i te whakataetae nui i roto i te mata o Nikity Sergeevicha Hruscheva, e iku ka te toa i roto i tenei kēmu. Ko te whakamutunga, tango i te tari rawa i roto i te whenua, ka timata te pakanga kaha ki te cadres tawhito, i ia ki te huri i ona ngāwari ai. O te akoranga, ngaro ia tona tūranga monū ki Lavrentiy Beriya, engari tona tuarua e kore e anake - Sergei Kruglov, nei i whakawhitia ki te kaiwhakahaere tokoni i roto i te Tāhuhu o Construction o ngā tipu kaha. Otiia i roto i te hou rite te āpiha haumarutanga kihai ia i muri roa.

Kua i roto i 1957 i tonoa e ia ki te Kirov porowini, te wahi i te kaunihera ā-rohe o te ōhanga motu, i whakaritea e ia kaiāwhina ki te heamana. Ko tenei mana Kruglov noho hoki te wa poto.

Ko te wāhanga whakamutunga o te mahi

I roto i te 1958, e tika ana ki te hauora taumaha o Sergei Nikiforovich i takoha ki te puta i te hauātanga, me te tūranga.

I roto i te 1960, i peia ex-Minita o te NKVD i te rarangi rōpū. I whakatupato ia ki te whai wāhitanga i roto i te tāmitanga tōrangapū. Otiia whakapono rangatira Soviet e kore te he tangata e pā ana ki te rōpū, kihai i tika ia te tika ki te riro "pirihimana" mutu, na tangohia ia o nga hua pāpori, engari ka mau ano hoki atu tona fare ratonga. āpiha haumarutanga o mua i muri i te ia tamata ia ki faahou tona mematanga i roto i te Rōpū Communist, engari noho te take i roto i te whae.

e kore te kotahi ara ranei tetahi, engari te mahi Kruglov muri i te taenga o te hauātanga oti. Hoki etahi wa mahi ia i roto i te Tari o te mutunga mahi i te Tāhuhu o Waenga (ngota) engineering. tau tata nei, i ora ai te pā rawa unpretentious me mārie.

tūnga whanaungatanga

ko Sergey Nikiforovich Kruglov he tangata whānau hi'oraa maitai. Ki te tana wahine anake Taisia Dmitrievnoj Ostapova reira whanaunga faati'amâ i roto i 1934. tutaki ratou ka ko ratou ākonga tonu Industrial ko ngä Institute, a noho ana i roto i te dorm taua. Ko te hītori o tetahi o nga haerenga, ka ko he tikanga matua mō te faaipoiporaa. Reira na tupu e kore i taea ki te haere mai i roto i runga i te rā Taisia. ka tahuri te take i roto i ki te kia banal. I mua, ko te kotiro i roto i te ruma, tae atu Thais, matoli hokona tetahi rua o hu i te katoa, ka rite ki ngā ākonga i te wa i roto i te hiahia o te moni. Na tetahi o ona hoa, e haere ana ki "tūmatanui" hu, wareware e whai Thais ki te haere i runga i te rā, me te ko te mutunga hoki e toru haora. Noatia, i reira ko tetahi puhake o te aau, a fifili Ty e ki te tatari i te tangata taitama hoki ia, na e ia hei tana wahine. tatari Sergei hoki ia, ahakoa he tino āwangawanga e kore ia e haere mai. Ka rite ki te hua, ka mau te marena wahi.

Otiia ko te tino haehaa ia, nui ki te kia hiahiatia hoki mahue te huru rauemi o te putiputi i roto i te wa. Ko te wā tuatahi i muri i te faaipoiporaa, tonu ratou ki te ora i roto i te dorm, a motu ke i ia atu. Na ka a ratou he tamahine, Irina me tama Valery.

Sergei Kruglov, i fakamamahi patua i roto i Hōngongoi 1977. I patua e ia e te pereoo auahi e tata ana te tūāpapa "Pravda" (Yaroslavl aronga o te rerewhenua tāone). i tanumia hau i Novodevichy Cemetery i Moscow.