Life me mahi o Lomonosova Mihaila Vasilevicha

I awe te kuonga o te rau tau XVIII i Classicism. I matau tenei kupu e nga mahi pāpori-ahurea o te whiriwhiri o Roma i tahito, i whakaaro tino te bourgeoisie mäharahara ana me kua rapua ai. Ko reira maha peehia iho o onamata rationalism auahatanga. Tenei kāhua, me ona mana'o tivira, Māoritanga e hāngai ana i runga i te whakapono i roto i te taea o te hanga i tētahi arikitanga pai, kahore he feaa, te awe i te mahi whiti o Lomonosov.

Otiia kihai i kairangahau makona anake Tiro rationalistic o mooni.

Āhuatanga te mahi o MV Lomonosov

i whakahaua auahatanga Literary University ki te whanaketanga o ngā tikanga motu Russian. e kore ia fokotu'u ha taumu'a ki whakaata i te mooni a tawhio noa. I roto i ana i tuhituhi ai whakatangi te karanga o nga mau parau mau rahi o te whakakitenga i mua nei.

Ko ia e kore e makona ki te pūnaha kaiwhakarëti nāianei, engari i roto i te mahi whakatangi whakakake o te wikitoria, me te honore o te tufaa Russian, whakapumautia i roto i te wa o Pita.

te ora Poetic me mahi o M. V. Lomonosova

Ode ki tuhituhinga puāwaitanga kua riro whanaketanga maitai. Tenei momo Ko te mahi tino kaumatua o te wā i roto i nei te whakaaro whānui whakatika runga ake whaiaro. puta Interest i roto i tetahi rohi pehe ka whakaata ana mana'o te mau ohipa o te taumata kāwanatanga, me te motu.

ode

University Creativity he kahore tāpiritanga whakakitea i roto i odes tuhituhi. he rite atu ki te otinga o ngā raruraru akiaki tenei momo, pera i roto i enei mahi, te kaituhi i ahei te korero i roto i te puka whiti i runga i nga take tino nui.
I tua atu, i te ode i taua wa he auraa motuhake, a kua whakahaua e ratou ki te tikanga kāwanatanga. Rawatia a ratou na taata kingi, ka haere Lomonosov tera taha o te ōkawa marae-hōkai, whakatutuki tana piira ki ngā take o te faufaa motu. I roto i te ode ki te Empress Elizabeth, Lomonosov waiata reira rite te kaitiaki o te rongo i roto i te āhua. Mai te timatanga o tona kingitanga mutu te whawhai ki a Sweden.

ode nui rerekē te rohi pehe expressiveness me marama. Ngā faufaa rahi piri ia ki te tika o te wā me ngā kaupapa hītori. ode wahi lyric e pā ana ki te tango Khotina Epic ngā he plurality o huānga. Ko te wahi matua o te mahi e te whawhai, me nga whakaaro e pā ana o te rohi pehe. Rawa miramira nga taime matua o te whawhai i reira toa "ekara Russian." I roto i tona faahiahia mo te angitu o te kaituhi kua kite i te kupu tika ki te mahi i runga i te mau mana'o tāmau whenua o nga kaipānui.

Poetry Lomonosov, i poto, kihai i tino whānui, me te tino. Otiia e kore e taea te piriponotanga tona hanganga o te pūnaha hou o te versification.

Ko te hiahia mo te whakahou o te versification Russian

I roto i Russia, kua roa i te reira i te raruraru o te versification. mai ake whakamahia te rau tau XVI i hea parau tumu Haupū e kore nei e tangohia ki pūkete nga peculiarities o te reo Russian. Lyrics huaina irava e tohu ana i te pehepehe irava herea ia. tuhituhi Virsheviki i Slavonic, i hanga te whati ki te iwi te whiti.

Ko tētahi atu parau tumu - toniki, hāngai atu ki te reo Roma me te reo Kariki, te wahi i reira ko kahore he kāwai o te mana te ahotea. Ko tōna pūtake ko te whakarerekētanga o ngā oro roa, me te poto.

Ko te mau parau tumu o te versification Trediakovsky

Tahuri irava Russian timata Trediakovskii. kitea e ia i roto i taua he konei te parau tumu toniki pai, e hāngai ana i runga i te whakarerekētanga o ngā haupū fakamamafa'i ki unstressed. haere mai e ia tata rawa ki te ariā o te kōwae naki hou - waewae, arā, o te huinga o te haupū fakamamafa'i unstressed. Te whakakotahi te mau parau tumu toniki me Haupū versification tāpae, e kore i taea e Trediakovskii rawa neke atu i te ngā tikanga o te Haupū Russian. iti e ia ana innovations irava roa ka tīpakohia anake te chorea manawataki hoki ia. Ko te kupu, kia rite ki te pionie o te irava Haupū-toniki, hanga Trediakovskii kotahi anake o ia ahua.

Te hanga pūnaha Lomonosov whiti

pae hopea tukua University Creativity ki te whakawhanake i te wāhanga e tika ana i muri o te rotarota whakahou Russian, whakaaro Accentology pūtake o rotarota, te wahi i reira he he faahoho'araa i waenganui i te ru-ru-noa me te ahopou-nounou. Ko te ritenga ki te ariā Trediakovsky mutunga, ka whakaurua te ariā o rua-haupū me toru-mutu, a ka reira he he hiahia hoki ngā momo o pehepehe. mai Lomonosov ki te whakaaro, ki te whakawhāiti i te rahi o te irava. Whakaritea ki te momo kotahi o te irava, hanga ana e ia he pūnaha katoa.

whakakitea Lomonosov rotarota ano i roto i tona riri mo te iambic, i te mea tino ōrite ki te nui tūmomo o te ode. whakapono ia e whakamahatia te iambic te hanahana me hanahana o te mahi.

Adoption o te parau tumu hou o te versification

Kua te hua kua āta whakatinanahia versification whakahou i whakapumautia huarahi Haupū-toniki i rotarota Russian, i tonu ko tona pūtake. whakaaro Paionia konei te Trediakovskii i homai te pūtake ariā me te wheako tuatahi o te parau tumu hou.

I hāngai Creativity M. V. Lomonosova i roto i tenei aronga i tona whanaketanga, whakahaere me te whakahörapatanga o te mahi whiti katoa. Ko te pehe pai te tetrameter iambic me whakawhanake te reira i roto i tona odes. E ai ki a Mikhail Vasilyevich, he reira tino hāngai ki te hanahana, me te taumata tiketike o te momo whiti. Pikiarero kerēme raupapa, me toro prosody toniki syllabo-, rite te reo Russian tino tika ana. kitea Ko tōna turanga i roto i te rotarota o Pushkin.

University auahatanga tuhi

I āhuatanga te timatanga o te rau tau XVIII i roto i Russia i tetahi atu ara wharekarakia o te ora, i roto i Europe reira nga panoni pāhoro hangarau, me te pūtaiao, me te whakawhanakehia ahurea me te mātauranga.

Creativity University i roto i te tuhinga mārama whakakitea i roto i te hanga o te kāhua whiti. Ia no hoki ki te ariā o te reo, me te tuhinga, whakaturia mai i roto i te wetereo Russian tuatahi, me te kōrero. I muri iho te nuinga i te reira i te rau tau, a i haere tonu i roto i te mahi o te A. S. Pushkina.

mahi auaha i hāngai University i te hanganga o te tuhinga Russian. Pukapuka whakaputaina i roto i te hahi matua, a he maha nga kupu o ngā reo Kariki, me te tahi atu, te nuinga o nei kihai i mārama ki te kaipānui i ratou. Theory o kupu Russian ki te hanga i te parau haapiiraa e hāngai ana i runga i te Ekalesia Slavonic me te reo ratou reo e, e pā ana ki te kupu Moscow. E wehea kupu e 3 marino:

• whakamahia noa;
• pukapuka, ki te kahore nohinohi te;
• folksy.

Ko te tuatahi o tamarû (tiketike) i hangaia ki te tuhituhi odes me rotarota; mahi Intermediate mō te tuhi, elegies, pūhohe, reta waia i irava; iti - mo te haaputuraa o waiata, epigrams, me comedies o tuhi mahi rite mua. I runga i tenei ariā o momo i roto i te heke mai tū he reo tuhituhi o te rau tau XVIII.

Ka rite ki te konohi me ahua tūmatanui, kaha whai wāhi Lomonosov ki te whanaketanga o te fakamaama Russian. He paetae nui i roto i tenei aronga, ko te hanga o te whare wānanga Russian tuatahi.

he whanaunga tata Lomonosov auaha i roto i te tuhinga ki te mahi pūtaiao. Veesi me pehe reo Russian taukei pai atu i tetahi o ana to'utangatá. Iritiraa mahi pūtaiao i ētahi atu reo reira, hanga tonu he kupu hou.

Mō te ora me te mahi o Lomonosov poto me te whai kiko S. I. Vavilov mea e hanumi tetahi tangata ngākau nuitanga pūtaiao, toi, me te hītori, me te mau hinaaro. Heoi, i kore faaite mai ratou i raro i te mana o te pēhanga i te waho, engari i hiahia kāinga. Mikhail ia tohe iwi kahore ki te faahiahia tona auraa, a na te whakamahi ratou hinengaro.

Ko te hiahia ki te waihanga whare hou mo nga mua

Higher whare mātauranga timata o te XVIII rautau Russia taea te kiia i runga i nga maihao. e kore he Mātauranga iwi nui ki nga porowhita rawa, a anake raro iwi piha taea ako ki te pānui i me te tuhituhi. Ko ahurei take o Lomonosov, a anake te huinga pai o huru, kua tukua tona taranata me te manawanui ki te tae tiketike i roto i te pūtaiao.

e kore e taea e ngā kura ngā whakatau i te mau hinaaro o te kingitanga nui. He he he hiahia akiaki i roto i ngā tohunga kāinga me te puāwaitanga University State mo te hanahana, a ka hiahiatia nga tutua.

Creation o te University Moscow

Life me Works o Lomonosov i matua e arotahi ana ki te whanaketanga o te pūtaiao me te mātauranga i roto i te whenua. I roto i te 1753 whakawhanakehia e ia te hoahoa me te hanganga o te whare wānanga motu tuatahi i roto i Moscou, a i muri i te 2 nga tau o te whakatuwheratanga i te reira ki te Pūwhero o te whare moenga o Empress Elizabeth I. I. Shuvalovym. Ko reira a Russia tuatahi teitei institution mātauranga i roto i nei i taea e kua mahi i tetahi iwi taitamariki taea, ahakoa o te piha haapiiraa. Ahakoa te meka e i roto i St. ko Petersburg te Academy o Sciences, puritia reira Academicians tangata ke tona tūranga motuhake, me te kore i whakaaetia ki te whakawhanake taranata motu.

e kore te Mikhail whakaako i te University o Moscow, no te mea ka mau te ora katoa, me te mahi o University wahi i roto i St Petersburg.

Ko ia kaha i āwhina ki te whakawhanake i te pūtaiao Russian i roto i ngā o te whai wāhi o ngā tohunga rohe. I muri i te tau torutoru i roto i aravihi kauwhau katoa i ahorangi Russian.

Ngā whakanuia ratou i roto i whakangungu riro ākonga te ope. whakawhanakehia University, whakaoti i te raruraru o te pūtaiao me te mātauranga. riro ia tetahi o nga pokapū o te ahurea ao.

mutunga

Life me Mahi o University poto whakaahua uaua. whakakitea Ko tōna mahi i roto i mara katoa o te pūtaiao, me te ahurea o te rau tau XVIII. tonu ia i te wā, i ngā he hou, ātaahua, me te ahu whakamua. Ko te ringa rehe o ana ngā ngākau nuitanga me ngā mahi rite whakaritea anake ki Leonardo da Vinci.

i tino ki te whanaketanga o Russia, me tona withdrawal i te anotau Middle Creativity Mikhail Lomonosov me mahi whai take o te kaipūtaiao. tutuki ia te whanaketanga e hiahiatia ana o te pūtaiao me te mātauranga, i mutu i muri mai ka taea e tika ana ki te whai wāhi o te iwi o nga akomanga katoa.

I runga i te faufaa, me te whai wāhi ki te hanganga o tona fatherland hoatu i runga i te par ki te whika tino kōhure o te whenua i roto i te hītori o tona whanaketanga.