Parahi - he hanganga koranu. Ko te hanganga matū o te parahi

Rave rahi te iwi e mōhio o te parahi, ko te e te mea maka ai i whakairo me urupa. I roto i te meka, tangohia te whakarewa aro o te iwi pokanoa. Ehara i roto i noa i roto i te aamu o te taata nei i ara parahi Age - he wā katoa, puritia i roto i nei kua te koranu he tūranga ngoi. Tenei Ko tetahi o nga rauemi torutoru e kua whakamahia e rua i roto i te ahumahi, me te i roto i te toi. E noa mahuinga i roto i ngā ahumahi maha huru maitatai e nohoia e te koranu o te parahi, me te tine. Kei te whakamahia te reira i roto i te hanga o te pu, hanga mīhini, i werohanga o te pere hahi, a na i runga i. Ko te kupu i reira e tenei ra he tokomaha nui o tohu whakarewa, ia o nei he tetahi āhuatanga mua-whakatauira.

Ko te whakamahi o te parahi whakamutunga

Kua tuhia te whakahua tuatahi o te koranu o te parahi, me te tine IV mano tau BC. Ko tenei pakaruhanga hangarau, rite ki faihisitōlia, kia civilisation o Mehopotamia ki te tango i te i te tūranga ārahi. ngā whaipara tangata kawea atu i roto i te tonga Iran, tohu te whakamahi whānui o te parahi mo te hanga arrowheads, hoari, tao, toki, hoari. I roto i te kite i reira e noa kāinga oko, pērā i taonga me whakaata, me te oko, amphorae, te ipu me mau api. Hoki minting moni tawhito, me te hanga whakapaipai whakamahia te taua koranu.

Parahi i roto i te anotau Middle tīmata ki te kia kaha whakamahia i roto i Europe. Mai i reira hua taua taonga nui ano he rokiroki me domes hahi. I te wā i muri mai, me te whanaketanga o te engineering aunoa, e kore te hoki haere hia whakarewa rite pūkenga. I maioha reira, te nuinga hoki āhuatanga anti-waku me te anti-waikura. Heoi, kia tuhia te reira e te rauemi e whakamahia ana i mua, ko ahua rerekē i taua i teie mahana ko te parahi. Kei te hanganga koranu he plurality o poke iti tino waimaero tona kounga.

Ko te hanganga matū o te parahi hou

I teie mahana, i roto i ngā rauemi i huaina parahi koranu o rua konganuku parahi, me te tine, e taea te whakamahi i roto i ngā hanganga. Ki te hanga te whakarewa o te huinga o te mau huru maitatai ki tenei rua kia tapiritia ai konutea, ūkuikui, konupora, mata, me te takawai. Ko te aroaro o poke āpiti ki hangarau o tenei ra kei te ngā heke ki te kore.

I roto i te nuinga o te wā whakaaro ōwehenga manakohia o parahi ki te tine i roto i te hanganga o 85 ki te 15 ōrau. Whakaiti i te rahi o mea wähanga tuarua, i raro i te taumata whakaara ake he maha o ngā raruraru, te matua o te mea he wehenga wāhanga. E pā ana tēnei wāhanga ki te tukanga metallurgical te raupapatanga koranu, me te pakeke pāhiwihiwi.

Tākiekina o te koranu i runga i tona tae kounga

Ka taea e te tangata mōhio te ako i te rota e pā ana ki te rauemi, i tika titiro i te tae, i te mea he parahi. Ko te hanganga o te pānga tika i runga i tenei tawhā. fifili e koe i te reira, hue whero homai te parahi koranu. Na reira, he hekenga i roto i tona ōrau i roto i manakohia o te tahi atu wāhanga ka tikanga te whakawhitinga āta o te tae ki te pepe puhoi.

I roto i te wāhanga whārangi tikanga (85% parahi) pakete parahi yellowness. Ka taea te kitea te putanga taua atu pinepine. koranu White whiwhi i muri i te huri i te ōwehenga ki 50:50. Otiia ki te parahi hei hina, me whakaiti koe te nui o te parahi ki te 35%.

Ko te huringa o ngā āhuatanga mahi o te koranu i te whakamātautau ki tona tokotoko, te āhuatanga he rite whai. Ka whakawhirinaki te ukanga o te rauemi i runga i te ihirangi o te tine ki reira. Ko reira iti iho i te atu e ngawari noa ka hei parahi, engari he pono tenei anake ki runga ki te tetahi rohe. Ko te kupu, ina riro te taumata o te 50% te koranu ngohengohe ano.

toi parahi

Kaha, me te roa rauemi, he i roto i tenei take i te makona ratou iti pāmahana rewa me te kōngohe pai, e kore i taea e hiahia i roto i te iwi auaha, i roto i ngā toi. Kua i roto i te V-IV rau BC i Greece i mahi i roto i ki te taipitopito iti rawa te hangarau o whakangao o whakapakoko parahi, i te mea tonu e hāngai ana i tenei ra. Kei a ia i roto i taua i te whakapakoko o te rauemi flameproof tuatahi whakakapia ki te ware pi, i te ngaro tika i roto i te whakarewanga. Hoki tenei whakaaro kua tuatahi ki te kia hangaia te tuhi tauira te raima, a i muri i te pokepokea ai mo te whakarewanga. Ko te ihirangi ware pi, i te whai wāhi ki pāmahana tika rewa, ka e tona parahi wahi, e mātao me solidifies. I muri i nei anake e taea tukatuka reira, ka kawea ki te tino.

whakarewa pū

Hoki te hanga o te pu, a ka i roto i te taputapu hōia heke mai, me te tahi atu, kua whakamahia tonu reira parahi. te tikanga kei roto i te hanganga o te koranu, e whakamahia nei mō enei take 90% parahi, me te 10% tine anake. Ko e tika ana ki te meka e kia tino kaha te rauemi mo nga pu, me te riro he kaha kurut tiketike tenei. Ēnei huru maitatai i parahi Brand BrAZhMts10-3-1.5. Haunga nga wähanga matua i roto i tona hanganga roto 1.2% o te konupora, e faarahi te āhuatanga waku me te pāmahana.

pere Production hahi

He Bell Naawai ki kia paohotia, engari kia pai tona tangi te taringa i te tawhiti. Oddly nui, engari te parahi kua te taranata waiata. Hei whakapai ake i te hanga tona pere tangi i te koranu ki te ihirangi tine tiketike (20 ki te 22%). I te tahi taime te reira, tāpiri hoki he wahi o te hiriwa. Pane o te parahi, e whakamahia i roto i te hanga o pere me ētahi atu mea percussion mō te tono mahi i roto i te tahi atu ahumahi he tino kāore. Ko e tika ana ki te meka i tenei koranu he hanganga witi pai, me te nui haere fragility tenei.

waikawa phosphoric me te konumohe parahi

tono koranu Tuatahi arā, o 90% parahi, me 9% o te tine, me te 1% ūkuikui i i 1871 Künzel tau. I huaina e ia phosphor parahi, a ka kitea te rauemi tona tono te nuinga i roto i te engineering aunoa. maka e ia he momo o te mihini e E whai wāhi ana ki nui haere waku. he tika hoki te whakanui ake i te elasticity me te whakapai ake i ngā āhuatanga anticorrosive Phosphorus. Ko te painga matua o tenei whakarewa ko e tino whakakiia tetahi depressions i roto i te makanga.

Konumohe parahi, te hanganga o nei faikehekehe te ihirangi tiketike o te parahi (95%), he tino rite ki te koura ahua. I tua atu ki te ataahua, kua reira e rave rahi atu ngā painga. Hei tauira, tua o te 5% koranu konumohe āhei ki te tu te rongo roa ki taiao riri pērā i hyperacidity.

Ka rite ki rauemi hoki te hanga o ngā wāhanga mīhini, kei te ü mamingatanga whakarewa kaha parahi phosphoric i roto i mira pepa me i te hanga paura tika ki te whaturama counter teitei.

Silicon me te parahi konupora

Silicon te tāpiri ki te koranu ki te whakarei ake kawe ia. Ko te reira i te kounga whakamahia i roto i te hanga o waea waea. Tohutoro silicon parahi hanganga ko e whai ake: 97,12% parahi, 1.14% tine, 0.05% silicon.

Ko te tukanga uaua tino o whiwhi tnngata koranu kei roto konupora. Ko te tukanga katoa e wahi i roto i te maha o ngā wāhanga. ferromangan Tuatahi tapiritia ki te parahi whakarewa. Na, i muri i te pāmahana tomu'a, tāpiri ki tine, me te konutea, te mea e tika ana. u Ingarangi chicuu Company manufactures maha ngā momo o parahi konupora, he pokey rerekē, me te pakeke. Hoatu he koranu rite taea i roto i tata ahumahi katoa.