Polyethylene: rewa ira, āhuatanga kiritaki me te tono

I teie mahana, e kore e taea te mahi i te tangata, kahore rauemi horihori. E te maha o mau huru ahurei e wātea ana ratou, me te tino whakaiti i te utu o te hanga. mahi Ko tētahi taua rauemi rite polyethylene. Te ira whakakoero, me ētahi atu whakaritenga e āmiki tika whakaaro. te reira tetahi o te rapu-i muri i ngā rauemi i tenei ra te nuinga. I tua atu, whakaputaina te ao ahumahi matū hawhe o te ethylene, kua whakahaua ki te faaineineraa o te polyethylene. Hei matau te aha e mea rongonui tenei ra, kia whakaaro koe ona āhuatanga.

He aha te mea te taonga

Ko te hanganga o te rāpoi ngota polyethylene Ko te tino māmā. rite te mekameka e ngā o ngā ngota waro titiro te reira. Ki ia o ratou uru e rua ngā rāpoi ngota o te hauwai. I roto i te ao i reira e rua putanga o tenei taonga. rerekē ratou i roto i te hanganga. Ka kitea tēnei i roto i ngā āhuatanga e nohoia e te polyethylene (he ira whakakoero me te koropupu, kiritaki). He aha tahoê ratou ko te takenga anake. Kua rite rua whakarerekētanga i ethylene.

Kei te momo tuatahi o waetahi polyethylene rārangi. Ratou tohu o te polymerization ko 5000, neke atu rānei. kua he waetahi kouru te whakarerekētanga tuarua. E tito ratou o ngā ngota waro (4 ki te 6).

Hei waihanga i tētahi polyethylene rārangi, whakamahia kaiwhakakökï motuhake. puta te tukanga polymerization i pāmahana ki runga, ki te 150 ° C.

āhuatanga o

Ko te waerau rewarau āhuatanga nei i te he Āheiō o te paparanga i te matotoru, puta ki a tatou polyethylene. ira whakakoero, āhuatanga hangarau o te rauemi hanga i te reira i te kōwhiringa rongonui. crystallizes te reira i roto i te whānui i -60 ki te -269 ° C.

Ko tōna kounga pai matua ko te kore o te mākū o te polyethylene. I te kāinga, e kore ia e whai wāhi ki te whānuitanga o ngā whakarewa waro. Ano, e kore e huru te reira i te pāmahana rūma ki te wai tote, waikawa me rongoā kawakore.

A, no te putanga mai o te pāmahana ki te 60 ° C, riro te rauemi whakaraerae ki te pungatara me te hauota waikawa. Hoatu hāora mō te rongoā i te mata o te polyethylene, e taea te tūmanakohia whakangaromanga o te apa mata. tīmata te rauemi ki te kia maku ki te wai. Tenei kounga e tika ana mō te hononga polyethylene.

tikanga polymerization

Tei runga i te tikanga o te polymerization o ethylene, polyethylene ko 3 momo: iti, te pēhanga teitei, me te rauemi momo rārangi. whakatau te reira i te mea e whai huru maitatai te polyethylene. Te ira rewa, rerekē te āhuatanga hangarau o ia momo. Na reira, kei te whakamahia ratou i roto i tata ruri katoa o mahi a te tangata.

hanga polyethylene te i raro i te pēhanga teitei, atu ngohengohe. Tona tikanga tuwhena polymerized. Ko te pēhanga i tenei tutuki 1-3 mano. ATM. Ko te pāmahana Ko 180 ° C. whai wāhi hāora kei roto i tenei take kia rite ki te initiator.

polyethylene kiato iti hangaia te whakamahi i Ziegler-Natta kaiwhakakökï. I roto i tenei tukanga e hoki wahi whakarewa organic. pēhanga Whakahaere Ko te iti rawa 5 atm., ka nui te pāmahana 80 ° C.

Linear (toharite) polyethylene ko he rauemi takawaenga i waenganui i nga momo whakaaro. E pā ana tēnei ki ona huru maitatai me āhuatanga. Kei te hanga te reira i te pēhanga o te 30-40 atm. A, no te te whakamahi i kaiwhakakökï metallocene he taea ki te whiwhi i te hua o te kaha whakarei.

Ko te take mo te Āhuatanga rerekētanga polyethylene

Kouru hanganga macromolecular whakatau nga āhuatanga nohoia e te polyethylene. Te ira whakakoero, kiato, whakawhirinaki i runga i te momo o te ara iahiko. Ko te atu manga kua reira, i whiwhi ai te rauemi atu rapa ki ngā āhuatanga tioata iti te i te putanga.

Tēnei āhuatanga e aukati te hanganga o te hanganga apiapi pōkaitanga macromolecules fifi riro 100% o te taumata o te crystallinity. Ko te rauemi hoki kua he wāhanga kōhauhau. Kei reira nui whakahau wahi o rāpoi ngota. Ko te tikanga ahumahi whakatau te ōwehenga o ngā wāhanga, tioata me te kōhauhau. Tenei āhuatanga pā te āhuatanga o te polyethylene.

Na reira, ko te kiriata, e hua iti-pēhanga, atu permeable atu e o te tahi atu momo. Ko te nui te crystallinity (taimaha rāpoi), te mahi aunoa teitei. Na reira, ka rite ki te rauemi kiriata he mārama, me te rapa. Heoi, he mārō, me te puatakore rau polyethylene.

nga pānga o te pāmahana

I raro i te mana o te huringa kounga taiao, e hua ana nei te ki polyethylene. Ko ti'aturi i runga i te tikanga o te hanga hoki te ira whakakoero o tenei taonga. I roto i te whānui, i te polyethylene ka hana te whakamamaetia maha ngā wāhanga. Tuatahi, riro ia he ngawari, rapa. Kei te ngāwari hauā ia e awe aunoa.

Brittleness pāmahana i ai te reo ngaro ona āhuatanga polyethylene kaha ko 70 ° C. Ki te whakanui i atu tona rauemi tamaru atu. Te reira i tino ngaro tona āhua tūturu, ka tahu i runga 120 ° C. I roto i te taonga tahuri te reira wai i te pāmahana o te 130 ° C.

I tua atu ki te pāmahana whakawera, he mea e tika ana ki te tango i ki pūkete te pānga o te radiation hihi katinga. Ki te te whakamahia te rauemi mō ngā hua waho, me te whiriwhiri koe i te momo kaha. Te kore, ngohengohe, polyethylene rapa i muri i nga tau o te mahi i raro i te rā tika ka pakeke, me te pakarukaru kia. Ahakoa te tae o te huringa rauemi i runga i te wā.

polyethylene kiato High

Ia momo o rauemi, i reira he 'ulungaanga motuhake. atu tenei i te whānuitanga o ngā tono, e kua polyethylene. ira whakakoero (kiato tiketike) he 120-135 ° C. I roto i te tahi mau kōeke o ātete wera ko 110 ° C. High kiato rāpoi whakapiki i te ātete waiariki me te ru.

I tua atu ki enei huru maitatai, he iti haria ki te whakaeke matū polyethylene kiato iti. Heoi, kiato nui o ngā rāpoi ngota i pāmahana iti, hanga i te rauemi he pakarukaru, riro te reira permeable ki kohu, hau.

He āhuatanga uruhanga pai tenei ahua o te rauemi. Ko biologically hohekore ia engari kei te ngāwari tukatuka ki production ahumahi.

polyethylene kiato iti

I tēnei rōpū ngā he ngāwari, polyethylene ono tekau. Rewa pāmahana, e kore e tukua te reira āhuatanga te whātioatanga i tiketike-kaha, hua wera-ātete. Tei runga i te momo kia whai i te kiato rerekē. Ratou pāmahana rewa ko i te 60 ki te 90 ° C.

Just rite te momo o mua o te rauemi, ko te atu roa ki te faarahi te taimaha rāpoi nui-kiato polyethylene. Ko reira iti e pängia ana ki awe matū, hihi katinga. Ko te whakaiti reira tona kaha ki te tu atu ki puranga. I runga i tenei polyethylene i roto i kapiti huka nui, wawahi. riro te reira i permeable ki kohu me te hau.

Ko reira mau huru uruhanga pai hoki te rauemi taua. e kore e whakaatu ia ātete ki te ngako, hinu. Ko taea ki te roto i te kurupae radiation tenei rauemi, ko te. Biologically, he mangere, engari ngāwari ki te tukatuka hoki tenei rauemi.

Whakamahi o iti-kiato polyethylene

Whakarite i te hōkai rauemi kounga tūturu o te mea polyethylene. ira whakakoero (hiahiatia te whakamahi o tenei tawhā te ka tīpako i ia tūemi) ka taea hanga o te taua tākai taonga me ngā. I roto i te nuinga o te wā, hangaia te ipu e pupuhi niao. ai ēnei hei ngā mō poke ranei hinu, tākai kai.

Kēne me te ipu i te polyethylene iti-kiato whakamahia i roto i te ahumahi automotive me matū, i roto i te hanga o waka tauā wahie me pahu.

Te whiwhi tere te hanga o pōkaitanga i kiriata o te rauemi taua. Kei te whānui whakamahia te reira i roto i te hanga o putorino, whare putorino. Ko te rauemi cheap me roa. Ko te taea ki te teke'i hoki atu hua whakataetae i te mākete ia.

Taupānga o tiketike-kiato polyethylene

Polyethylene, i te mea i raro i te pāmahana rewa atu i te momo o mua, whakamahia te i roto i te hanga o kiriata mo te ahuwhenua, ahumahi kai, me te tahi atu mau opuaraa ahumahi. Kei te tipu haere tonu tona tono.

kia whai Various kiriata mō ngā take ahuwhenua he ngā atu, he rerekē hoki te tae. E whakamahia ratou i roto i greenhouses, mara ki te whakapai ake i te kounga me te nui o te hua.

kiriata kai, kua pau pōkai katoa i runga i te ao ki te katoa i runga i te tauine nui katoa tau. turakina tēnei momo o te rauemi e i te matua wāhanga mākete hua i te tahi atu mau materia.

hanganga o te kohi

Polyethylene, ira whakakoero e tautuhi tona hōkai te ao i roto i te tono nui. Ko te tino ngā te hanganga o te kohi rauemi. 60-70% o te polyethylene whakamahia ki te hanga ngā rau me kiriata.

Ano he wahi nui o te putanga katoa, noho i te tuhinga whiwhi e werohia niao i te tikanga o te Tangohanga ranei. Paku neke atu i te te hanga o te mātao mō waea hiko, putorino, me whare. Kei te whakamahia hoki polyethylene mō te whakaputa tuhinga e pupuhi niao, me ētahi atu.

I roto i te hanga o ngā rau me kiriata e whakamahia tata tonu polyethylene pēhanga teitei (kiato iti). E hangaia ana ratou i roto i ngā huarahi rerekē. Ko te matotoru kiriata i roto i te whānuitanga 0.03-0.3 mm, me nga pepa - 6.1 mm.

I tua atu ki te tākai, o te rauemi kia hanga peke, peke, LINERS hoki utuutu, pouaka me ētahi atu oko. Ko te āhuatanga e hiahiatia ana o te hua, te whakatau i te tikanga o te hanga o te polyethylene. I te mutunga o te hanga o ia momo o te rauemi whakaritea te waina. E tauturu te reira ki te whiriwhiri i te ahua tika o te rauemi mo tetahi ahumahi.