Ribosome - he aha te mea tenei? Ko te hanganga o te ribosome

Ia pūtau o tetahi kaiao he hanganga matatini kei te plurality o ngā wāhanga.

Nounou, ngā pūtau o te hanganga

Kei reira o te membrane, cytoplasm, organelles, e kua tū, me te te karihi (anake hoki prokaryotes) i roto i nei i reira he rāpoi ngota DNA. I tua atu, i reira he he atu hanganga paruru i runga i te membrane. I roto i te pūtau kararehe ko te glycocalyx, i roto i te era katoa - te taiepa pūtau. I roto i te tipu, kua tito reira o cellulose, i roto i te harore - i chitin, huakita - i te murein. Kei te membrane o ngā papa e toru: e rua phospholipid me te pūmua therebetween. Kua kōputaputa reira i roto i nei whakawhiti o matū kawea i roto i, me te ki waho. Tata ia pore he pūmua waka motuhake e kua haere ki te pūtau anake etahi matū. Organelles pūtau kararehe ko te whai ake:

• pungaraungao, e mahi rite te "mana" taketake (i roto i nei te tukanga o te respiration pūtau me te kōtuitui o te pūngao);
• lysosomes e Kei roto whākōkī motuhake mō te pākia;
• taputapu Golgi mō te pupuri me te whakakē i etahi matū;
• kiriuwhi, i te mea e tika ana mo te waka o matū;
• centrosome tito o rua centrioles, e whai wāhi i roto i te tukanga wehenga;
• nucleolus, e regulates te pākia me hanga etahi organelles;

• ribosomes, e tatou tino aparau i roto i tenei tuhinga;
• whakato pūtau i organelles atu: te miru, i te mea e tika ana mo te haaputuputuraa o ngā matū e hiahiatia i roto i te hononga ki te ngoikore ki te putanga ratou ki te waho e tika ana ki te taiepa pūtau kaha; plastids, e kua wehea ki leucoplasts (kawenga mo te rokiroki o pūhui matū matūkai); chromoplasts kei roto uhi tae; chloroplasts, i te mea i reira te chlorophyll me te ahotakakame.

Ribosome - he aha te mea tenei?

Mai e korero tatou e pā ana ki reira i roto i tenei tuhinga, ko reira arorau ki te ui tenei pātai. Ribosome - tenei organelle, e taea te kei i runga i te taiepa taha waho o te matatini Golgi. He mea tika ki te whakamārama atu e te ribosome - organelles roto te reira i roto i ngā pūtau i roto i ngā rahinga rawa nui. Ka taea e waiho tetahi ki runga ki te tekau mano.

Kei hea raraunga He organelles?

Na, ka rite ki kua whakahuatia, te ribosome - he hanganga e ko i runga i te taiepa o te matatini Golgi. Hoki e taea te neke i te reira noa i roto i te cytoplasm. Ko te kōwhiringa tuatoru, e taea te tūnga ribosome - te membrane pūtau. Na aua organelles e kua kitea i roto i tenei wahi, i whakaritea e kore e waiho te reira, a ka he pahoho.

Ribosome - hanganga

Ka rite ki te pai, titiro tenei rite te organelle? rite te waea ki te ngongo titiro ia. eukaryotes Ribosome me prokaryotes ngā o rua nga wahi, kotahi o nei te mea nui atu i te tahi atu - iti iho. Ko te rua o ona wāhanga kore e piri tahi ana, i te mea e i okiokinga. Tenei anake tupu ina timata tonu te pūtau ribosome ki te mahi i a ratou mahi. Ka kia kōrero Taumahi muri. Ribosome, te hanganga o nei whakaahuatia te i roto i te tuhinga, komokomo hoki he RNA karere, me te whakawhiti RNA. E hiahiatia ana ēnei matū ki te tuhituhi ki runga ki a ratou i te mōhiohio e tika ana e pā ana ki te pūmua pūtau. hanganga Ribosome e e whakaaro tatou, kua kahore membrane. e kore te Ko tōna subunit (te pera-ka karanga rua o tona hawhe) tiakina.

He aha e tenei organelle i roto i te pūtau?

He aha te kawenga mō te aha te ribosome - ariā pūmua. Puta te reira i runga i te pūtake o te ngā mōhiohio tuhia nei i runga i te RNA karere pera-ka karanga (waikawa ribonucleic). hanganga Ribosome i reira i kite matou i runga, hono nga subunits e rua o anake i roto i te kōtuitanga pūmua - te tukanga i huaina translation. I roto i tenei tikanga, kei te mekameka polypeptide synthesized i waenganui i rua subunits o te ribosome.

Hea e hanga e ratou?

Ribosome - organelle, hanga nei e te nucleolus. Tenei tukanga e wahi i roto i tekau wāhanga, i roto i nei pūmua āta i hanga nga subunits iti, me te nui.

Kia pehea te ko te hanganga o te pūmua?

Ko te biosynthesis o te pūmua e wahi i roto i te maha o ngā wāhanga. Ko te tuatahi o ratou - ko te whakahohenga waikawa amino. He katoa o e rua tekau i reira, na roto i te te whakakotahi ratou i roto i ara rerekē, ka taea e te tiki e koe pirioni o pūmua rerekē. I roto i tenei wāhanga o te waikawa amino i hanga aminoalits-tRNA. E kore te mea taea tenei tukanga waho te whai wāhitanga o ATP (adenosine triphosphate). Ano hoki tenei tukanga titau te tīhiko konupora. Ko te wāhanga tuarua - ko te tomokanga o te mekameka polypeptide, te tukanga o te whakakotahi nga subunits e rua o te ribosome me te tuku ki reira o ngā waikawa amino faufaa ranei. I roto i tenei tukanga whai wāhi hoki katote konupora me GTP (guanosine triphosphate). huaina te atamira tuatoru te elongation. Tenei ariā tika o te mekameka polypeptide. Kei te haere te reira i tikanga translation. Whakamutunga - i te atamira i muri - te tukanga o te mimiti o ribosomes i runga i nga subunits takitahi me te tapatu i o te kōtuitui o te mekameka polypeptide. Next mai te taahiraa whakamutunga - i te rima o - te tukatuka. I tenei wā te hanganga matatini i hanga e te hunga kua rite ki te whakamahi i me he pūmua ohie o te waikawa amino mekameka. Tenei tukanga, ka uru whākōkī motuhake, me cofactors.

hanganga pūmua

Mai te hanganga ribosome me mahi e kōrero matou i roto i tenei tuhinga, he kawenga hoki te kōtuitui o te pūmua, ka kia titiro a ki te kōrero o to ratou hanganga. Ko te tuatahi, tuarua, tuatoru, me te quaternary. Ko te hanganga tuatahi o te pūmua - he raupapa tautuhi i roto i nei waikawa amino e whakaritea hanga he pūhui organic homai. Ko te hanganga tuarua o te pūmua ko te mekameka polypeptide i hanga i te Arepa-helices me beta-pepa. Ko te hanganga tuatoru o te pūmua whakarato he tetahi huinga o te Arepa-helices me beta-pepa. Ko te taua i roto i te hanganga o te hanganga macromolecular kotahi te hanganga quaternary. Ko te huinga o te Arepa-helices me beta-hanganga puka globules fibrils ranei. E ai ki tenei parau tumu, e taea te tāutuhia ngā momo e rua o te pūmua - kaiota, me te flare. I roto i te mua e pērā i actin me myosin, te uaua o e hanga e. Tauira o te tuarua e taea te mahi ki pūtoto, immunoglobulin me etahi atu. pūmua Fibrillar rite te muka kakawaea. Flare atu rite te TANGLE o whakakapititia i waenganui i te Arepa-helices me beta-pepa.

He aha te mea denaturation?

Me kua rongo nga tangata katoa ki te kupu. Denaturation - Ko te tukanga o te whakangaromanga o te hanganga te pūmua - ka quaternary tuatahi, tuatoru, me muri - me te tuarua. I roto i ētahi wā, i reira he me te whakakorenga o te hanganga tuatahi o te pūmua. Ka taea e tēnei tukanga puta tika ki te rongo ki tenei pāmahana teitei o te mea organic. Ko te kupu, e taea te kite i te denaturation o te pūmua, ka kohua hua. I roto i te nuinga o te wā, he tina heke tenei tukanga. Ko te kupu, i te pāmahana i runga e wha tekau e rua nekehanga tīmata te denaturation o pūtoto kia nui te ora tūāhuruiti whakawehi. Ka taea te kite Denaturation o pūmua ki waikawa karihi motuhake i roto i te tukanga kūnatu, ka whakamahi i piri whākōkī tinana ngā pūhui matū waro matatini ki ohie.

mutunga

Ko te tino uaua ki te pe si◊aki te tūranga o te ribosome. Ko ratou te pūtake o te oraraa o ngā pūtau. Nā ki enei organelles, ka taea e te reira te hanga i te pūmua e me te reira mo te momo o ngā mahi. pūhui Organic hanga ribosomes kia tākaro i te wāhi tiaki i roto i te waka, te tūranga o te whakakōkī, hanga rauemi mo ngā pūtau, enzymatic, ture (maha hormones he hanganga pūmua). Na reira, e nehenehe tatou e faaoti e ki te ribosome te mahi tetahi o nga mahi tino nui i roto i te pūtau. He aha e na nui ratou - e hiahia ana tonu pūtau nga hua synthesized e enei organelles.