Tāmitanga tōrangapū. Victims o tāmitanga tōrangapū i roto i te USSR

tāmitanga tōrangapū - he reira he wā nanakia, me te toto i roto i te aamu o te fatherland. mai ia i te wa, i te arahina te whenua e Iosif Stalin. Victims o tāmitanga tōrangapū i roto i te Soviet Union - te mirioni o te iwi e kua mau, ka whiua ki te here ranei te mate. Kua tuhia kairangahau te hopearaa tino kino e whai ngā 1920-1950-doma. Tuatahi o te katoa, i roto i nga tau o te tāmitanga tōrangapū ki te takahi i te tapatahi o te hapori Soviet, tona hanganga tatauranga.

Ko te ngako o te wehi

ka mau repressions tōrangapū papatipu wahi i roto i te wā i te tau 1937 ki te 1938. Kei te karanga a hoki tenei wā te "wehi nui". E ai Medushevsky, e taea te huaina enei mehua taketake whakatū taputapu pāpori o te tikanga Stalinist. Ko te kairangahau whakapono e reira e rave rahi huarahi rerekē ki te whakamārama me te mahara ki te mauri o te "wehi nui", te pānga o ngā āhuatanga, te anga pütahitanga, nga takenga mai o tona whakaaro. Te tautuhi i tūranga, o te akoranga, no ki te pirihimana ngaro matua o te whenua - GUGB NKVD me Stalin.

Āhuatanga aratau

tāmitanga Political, rite maha hītori Russian hou, mo te wahi tino, takahi anake i te ture ngā, engari ano hoki ki te ture Basic - te Ture. I roto i ngā, ko te totohe ki te hanga i te tinana anō-ture i roto i te nui. Ka taea te whakaaro te huru, a e tetahi maha nui o ngā tuhinga i hainatia e Stalin ia ina whakatuwhera kōnae. tohu tenei i mana tata katoa te tāmitanga tōrangapū e ratou.

Whakapakari i o te kaha o Stalin

tāmitanga tōrangapū i roto i te 30 tau ka anga ki te riro whānui ki te timatanga o te ahumahi me te collectivization o pāmu. Ko o faufaa nui, me te riro te mana whaiaro o Stalin. pa tāmitanga tōrangapū pūtaiao. Hei tauira, pinepine o ratou kua mau i roto i te take "o te Academy o Sciences". I roto i te 1932 i tonoa e wha kaituhi ki te whakarau mo whai wāhi i roto i te "ropu Siberian." Rau o rangatira i mahi nei i roto i te Army Whero, i mauheretia. ka mau katoa o ratou wahi i roto i te take o "Spring". I roto i te wā kotahi, kawea te tāmitanga tōrangapū i roto ki te "deviators iwi hoki."

Te āhuatanga i roto i te lepupilika

Te Tatar ko Crimean motuhake Republic, i mauheretia etahi rangatira matua. i puritia ratou i roto i te take o "rōpū Sultan-Galyiv o counter-tahae", i roto i nei whakapuakina te rangatira i Sultan-Galiev - Tatar Communist. I roto i te kaihokohoko tūmataiti i whiua ki te mate, i muri i whakakapi i te herehere i runga i te tuku mō te 10 tau. I roto i te Peraruhia, i roto i te 30-31 tau. I whakataua te reira e ngā māngai o te taputapu faatere o te Republic. i whakatupato ratou i roto i te hononga ki te take o "Union o Liberation", i roto i nei puritia hoki 86 whika pūtaiao, me te ahurea. I roto i te puna o te tau 30 ko te tukanga tuwhera i roto i Ukraine. I roto i te take o "Union o Liberation o te Republic" ka tango wahi neke atu i te 40 te iwi. I te matenga o te whakawakia ko Efremov - Vice te peresideni AUAS. Ka rite ki whakahuatia i roto i te utu, i hāngai "te Union o Liberation o te Republic" ki te turaki i te kāwanatanga Soviet me ki te tahuri Ukraine ki te whenua te mana e me ti'aturi i runga i tetahi o nga whenua ke tata bourgeois. Katoa whai wāhi i roto i te take tohe hara. Ka mau ia ki pūkete te whaki me te ripeneta o te defendants, te mate i whakakapi i te reira e 8-10 tau o te whare herehere. riro e iwa iwi wā herenga. I roto i Kharkov, i roto i te take o "whakahaere hōia o Ukraine" i tū 148 kaiuru. I roto i te hononga ki tenei tukanga, i hopukina i roto i Moscow i 1934, i te tau Poloz. puritia e ia te tūranga o te tiamana tuarua o te kōmihana pūtea o te CEC o te USSR. I roto i te 20 mahi ia Poloz karere o Ukraine i Moscow, nga tangata o USSR Commissar o Pūtea me Tiamana o te Whakamahere Kōmihana State. I whiua ia ki te tekau tau 'herehere.

"Horoi General" o te CPSU (b)

I kawea te reira i roto i roto i 33-34 tau, a ka anō i Mei 35. I roto i te horoi o te rōpū, i ngā 1.916.500 ngā mema, i waho 18.3%. E ai ki te mutunga o te tukanga timata matou ki te whakahaere "manatokonga o ngā tuhinga rōpū." roa te reira i noa Hakihea 35 o te tau. I roto i te akoranga o tenei mahi, tāpiri tetahi 10-20 mano hopukina. kawea "Whakakapinga o ngā tuhinga" i atu i Hānuere ki Mahuru te 36 th tau. I roto i te meka, ko reira he hokohoko atu o tīmata "purea" o 33-35 tau. I roto i te wahi tuatahi, kua kawea mai ki te tika e waho i te rōpū. puta hopukia tihi i roto i 37-38 tau. i roto i te USSR, kua patunga o tāmitanga tōrangapū i roto i te rua tau whakamutunga kua maha rawa. I roto i tenei wā, ua faahapahia te reira hau atu i te 1.5 miriona te iwi ki te mate whakawhiu 681.692 mau.

mau tamataraa Moscow

I roto i te wā i 1936 ki te 1938 ka mau tuu i te whakaaro o nga mea nui e toru. arotake Kaiuru nga mahi o te (b) CPSU, e pā ana ki te 20-30s i runga i te matau ranei te pato'iraa Trotskyist. Abroad, enei mea i huaina "mau tamataraa Moscow". Hopukina i whakatupato ki te mahi tahi ki te ratonga maramarama Western mo te whakahaere o te kōhurutanga o Stalin me tahi atu feia faatere Soviet, te whakangaromanga o te USSR, te faaho'iraa mai o te pūnaha capitalist me te mau mai i te kino ki ngā rāngai ōhanga. ka mau te tukanga tuatahi wahi i roto i te tau 1926, i roto i August. rōpū whakawakia "Trotsky-Zinoviev Center". Ko te herehere matua ko Kamenev me Zinoviev. I tua atu ki te tahi atu utu, i whakatupato ia ki te kohuru o Kirov me te whakahaere o te he mo Stalin. Kua pa te take tuarua o "whakarara anti-Soviet Center Trotskyite" 17 kaiwhakahaere iti i roto i te tau 1937. Ko te matua e whakawakia i reira Sokolnikov, Pyatakov ko Radek. Na roto i te mate o 13 iwi i whakawhiu, me te era i tonoa ki te puni whakamamae, i mate hohoro. ka mau te tukanga tuatoru wahi i roto i 1938, i te 2 ki te 13 o Maehe. I whakatupato ia ki 21 kaiuru "kimi huarahi Matau Trotskyite". Ko te herehere matua ko Rykov me Bukharin. arahina e ratou i te "fakafepaki tika" i roto i te 1928-29.

"Tukhachevskogo te reira"

ka mau tenei tukanga wahi i roto i 1937, i roto i Pipiri. I whakataua te reira e te rōpū o ngā āpiha o te Army Whero, tae atu Tukhachevsky. I pēnei ratou ki te whakahaere o teuteu mo te tukipoto i hōia. I muri i te tahi mau wa, kawea whakapaia papatipu o te kaiārahi Soviet i roto i roto i te kupu o te Army Whero. Me kï reira e rima o nga mema o e waru o te Ture Komihana Motuhake, whiua ki te mate mau o "Tukhachevsky", muri i mauheretia hoki. Tenei, i roto i ngā, Kashirin, Alksnis, Dybenko, Belov, Blucher.

fakamamahi'i

Ki te whiwhi whāki whakamahia mehua tika nanakia. Tata ki te katoa o ratou i fakangofua ia e Stalin fakatāutaha. I roto i te wā o "koero o Khrushchev" o te tari te kaiwhiu o Soviet tātaritia e rave rahi mau ohipa tōrangapū me ngā tukanga rōpū. I roto i i tāutuhia ona take falsification rite kua whiwhi "tika" taunakitanga mā te fakamamahi'i. tāmitanga manakore, i tino noa 'akau o herehere. Na, mo te tauira, i reira he taunakitanga e i whati te mema kaitono o te Politburo Eiche i Faka'eke'eke tuarā, ka mate Blucher i te pānga o whiu nahanaha. Stalin (rite faaite e pūkete hītori) kaha tūtohutia te whakamahi o whiu ki te tango whāki.

Ko te ture "Mō te patunga o repressions tōrangapū"

I whāngai te reira i roto i 1991, i runga i 18 Oketopa. Mai tona urunga ki te kaha, me te ki 2004 te neke atu i te 630-mano iwi kua rehabilitated. Ētahi herehere, hei tauira, he tokomaha noho tūranga kaiārahi i roto i te NKVD, mohio nga tangata e whai wāhi i pā ana ki te terrorism, ka tukua hara taihara āhua kore-tōrangapū ranei, i rite "kore i raro ki te whakanohonoho." I roto i te whānui, i whakaaro ai neke atu i te 970-mano tono.

pūmahara

I roto i He kotahi Russia me ētahi atu lepupilika mua i roto i te Soviet Union, puritia te tau ra o Victims o tāmitanga tōrangapū. Ko te toru tekau o Oketopa whakaritea hui, ngā ngā kaupapa ahurea, me te mātauranga. I runga i te ra o Victims o whenua tāmitanga tōrangapū mahara i whakamamaetia te patunga, iwi koperea, he tokomaha o nei kawea mai i roto i te wa e tika ana he painga nui o te fatherland, a taea kawe ai ki runga ki. Tenei, i roto i ngā, ko te mekameka o whakahau o te ope o te whenua, pūtaiao, me te tau ahurea. He maha ngā kura whakarite "haapiiraa ora" o hītori. Tae noa tata, he hui auau ki te morehu ite enei ngā, ratou tamariki, i roto i te mahara o i noho tenei wa e wehingia ana. E tū ana te ngā matua i te Solovetsky kohatu (Lubyanka Square) me i te whānuitanga puhipuhi Butovo. Rallies me haere ratou i roto i St Petersburg. E tū ana te ngā matua i runga i te koraha Tokotoru Square ko Levashovskaya.