Tātaritanga o te mate kohi

Mate kohi ko te whakapokenga huakita kino meinga e te momo o mycobacteria, tubercle Bacillus. Kei te ngāwari horahia e te reira e te rūrūtia mahino ina coughs te tangata e kua he i roto i te puka tuwhera te mate, tihe ranei. pānga te mate te pūkahukahu, me te tahi atu wahi tinana. Ka taea e te tangata te tiki TB, engari atu maha puta te reira i roto i te iwi ki te pūnaha ārai mate ngoikore ranei hauora rawakore i roto i ngā tamariki, tūroro ki HIV me te iwi e noho ana i roto i ngā āhuatanga kōpipiri te wahi e taea te mate horahia ngāwari. Te kore maimoatanga tika, he mate te mate. Ko te tangata e he TB kaha pāngia 10 ki te 15 iwi i te tau. pāngia ia tau e 9 miriona take hou o te mate te ao.

Me uru tātaritanga o mate kohi pūkahukahu whakamātautau tinana, uma radiograph, microbiological rangahau (sputum atu tauira e tika ana ranei). Kia hoki ngā te reira i te whakamātautau kiri tuberculin, he unuhanga hāparapara me etahi atu tikanga o te whakamātautau.

whakamātautau hauora

Kawea i roto i ki te aromatawai i te hauora whānui o te manawanui me te kite o ngā āhuatanga e kia pā i te faaiteraa o te mate. Anake me ona awhina kore e taea e tātaritanga o mate kohi pūkahukahu.

whakamātautau Mantoux

whakamātautau kiri Tuberculin, hoki e mohiotia ana he whakamātautau Mantoux, āwhina ki te tautuhi i te nuinga o te iwi huaketo ki te Bacillus tubercle. Ko te taonga, ko te he pārōnaki e purea pūmua (PPD), whakaurua nei i raro i te kiri o te kikowhiti, ka tirohia i muri i 48-72 haora. Ki te huri i hanga te wāhi i werohia e te nawe whero, e taea te huaketo te tangata, engari e kore e tika, na titau te reira i te tātaritanga atu o te mate kohi.

fluorography

Radiographs - tetahi o nga tikanga whai hua te nuinga me te noa. I roto i te pūkahukahu tangata, TB manawanui, i reira te mea he rota o mirumiru iti, e kia tohu i te mate ka taea. Heoi, kia enei abnormalities HIV-huaketo me ētahi atu mau taata immunocompromised. Heoi, whakamahia te radiograph pouaka kei te ki te whakakore i te taea o te mate tangata ki te whakautu pai ki te whakamātautau tuberculin i te ngaro o ngā tohu.

tomography computed

I roto i ētahi wā, tomography computed (CT) me te kōwarotanga autō atahanga (MRI) i whai hua mō te mātakitaki o pāpaka kohi, ngā i roto i te roro, me te tuarā. Kei te reira maha whakamahia tomography computed ki te tautuhi i te momo o te mate extrapulmonary.

Examination microbiological

Kei te whakamahia te nuinga noa te reira i TB tātaritanga, i whakawhanakehia i roto i te 1880, me te kua noho te nuinga tonu. Ka taea e koe te whakamahi i te reira ki te hanga i te tātaritanga hawhe anake o nga tūroro ruritia, a rawa koretake, ko tenei tikanga tātaritanga mō ngā tamariki, me ngā tūroro tahi-huaketo ki HIV. Ahakoa te maha fakamatala'i reira rite te hangarau ohie, titau Microscopy he taumata tiketike o te faaineineraa, me te mahi pakeke.

bronchoscopy

Ki te taea te whiwhi kore tauira sputum i ūkuia laryngeal me lavage bronchoalveolar.

unuhanga

rapu ētahi wā te tauira, e kore e taea te hoatu he sputum bronchoscopy ranei. I roto i enei wā, kia whakamana i te tinana o te unuhanga kiko parenga.

PCR

e kore e tātaritanga o kohi i te rangahau microbiological kī he hua tino. Tenei e taea te mahi PCR anake (polymerase chain reaction) - te tikanga rangahau hōu, e kitea te tukumate e hāngai ana i runga i tona mōhiohio iranga. E āwhina ana tēnei tikanga whakarite te wehe rakau Kosh i te tahi atu mycobacteria.

I roto i te whānui, i te matatini katoa o mehua tātaritanga hāngai ana te rapunga wā o te mate i roto i te tikanga ki te ārai i te horapa atu o TB.