TAVKR "Admiral Kuznetsov": hanganga me opuaraa

TAVKR "Admiral o te Tāruru o te Soviet Union Kuznetsov" - te anake kreyserny kaha rererangi taimaha kawe i roto i te hanganga o te hou Navy Fleet. Ko tōna whakaaro matua - te whakakorenga o nga ngā taumata mata nui, te korero o Munuwao moana, me te tiaki i te whakaekenga te hoariri e kiia. ingoa te kaipuke te i muri i N. G. Kuznetsova, Admiral o te Tāruru o te USSR. ka mau Construction o te cruiser wahi i roto i Nikolaev, i te hanga kaipuke i Chernomorsk, inaianei ko reira wahi o te huinga katoa o te Tāruru Northern. Ka taea te hāngai te oko rererangi mig-29K, ngā rōpū SU-25, SU-33 me topatopa Whakarerekētanga Ka-27/29 / 52K.

hoahoa

Designing TAVKR "Admiral Kuznetsov" whakarewahia i roto i 1978 i raro i te arata'iraa o te PCB i Leningrad.

He maha ngā whanaketanga kaupapa, i hua i roto i te hua mutunga i roto i te hanga o kaipuke ranei noho i roto i te puka o tauira me tuhi:

• Kaupapa 1153. Displacement kaipuke whakamaheretia hangaia mō te 00 ki te 70 taranata, i riro ai taputapu patu kaha (anake te rererangi rōpū matua).
• № 1143 M. Ko te mahere ki te türanga i roto i te cruiser paorangi Yak-41 poutū tango-atu.
• He tauira o 1143. He ritenga ki te kawe rererangi te hoahoa o mua, engari ki te displacement nui (te wha kawe rererangi, hanga i roto i te Soviet Union).
• Kaupapa kawe 1143,5 rererangi taimaha "Admiral Kuznetsov" - te kaha-tiketike, ko te rima me te kaipuke rererangi kawe whakamutunga Soviet-hanga.

rite tuhinga hangarau whakamutunga i te taha o waenganui-1980, mahara hanga i ki kia oti i roto i 1990. Heoi, kei te tonu neke te wā o te tuku me te whakaaetanga mō ngā take rerekē.

tīmata hanga

I roto i te tīmatanga o te puna o 1981 te pahi Plant i Nikolayev whiwhi pakeke-riro te tikanga mo te hanganga o fakasio hou. Heoi, i roto i te ngahuru o te taua tau i roto i te tautau, nui me ngā whakarerekētanga e hanga ki te kaupapa, te matua o te mea ki te whakapiki ake i te displacement o te oko i te 10 mano taranata.

Ko te uara hua o tenei taupū ko 67 000 t I tua atu, i hanga te huringa hanganga e whai ake nei .:

• runga te kaipuke i ki kia rite rawa ki te tāutanga o RCC "Granite".
• He ko he hiahia ki te whakawhānui i te rōpū rangi o runga ki te 50 mihini.
• He huringa nui ko te meka e i te rererangi whakarewatanga ki kia hanga i waho he catapult i ski-peke te wakarererangi. Kua heke tēnei tirohanga i te utu o te hanganga, me te roa atu te ora mahi o te kawe rererangi.

whakapaitanga mutunga

TAVKR "Admiral Kuznetsov" i te mutunga whakatauira noa 1982. ¶ Na i Mahuru, te pa o shipyards Nikolayev. I te tīmatanga, ko te kaipuke i "Riga", o nga marama e rua i muri mai i whakaingoatia ki "Leonid Brezhnev". Na roto i te mutunga o te tau i runga i te cruiser mo te hōtaka ki tonu ko te tāutanga o te poraka whare tuatahi. Te kaipuke ano (mo te wa tuatahi i roto i te aamu o te Soviet Union) ngā katoa o rua whakaaro poraka tatini.

Ko te roa o ia poraka TAVKR pr. 11435 "Admiral Kuznetsov" ko e pā ana ki 32 mita ki te teitei o 13 m. He rite ki te 1.5-1.7 mano. Tōne te papatipu o ia huānga. Superstructure kawe rererangi nui i hanga ano i runga i te pūnaha modular. E tano ia tapao e te kaipuke taua, ki te supply ōrite o ngā rauemi, mea me ētahi atu taputapu, i taea te tika wha tau e hanga, e te mea he record tūturu. Heoi, takaroa ki kaituku, me te mahi puhoi o te tipu kua meinga roa faufaa i roto i te whakataki o te oko i roto i te mahi.

Tāutanga onboard taputapu

I whakarewahia te kawe rererangi i te here waewae i te mutunga o 1985 tau. e kore e whare Mass me ngā hanganga tāuta nui 32 000 tana. Kua tata ngā hinaaro i roto i / h 20506 rererangi taimaha kawe "Admiral Kuznetsov" e 39%.

Ko hoki i muri tau mo te kawe motu kore kahore huringa. hanga Kaihoahoa New P. Sokolov kua whakarerekētanga me i te waenganui o te 87 tonu oti noa te mutunga o te kaipuke i whakaingoatia ano. Na kua riro ia "Tbilisi". hihiko ōrau nui haere ki te 60%. e kore e roa i kaituku whakaaetia ki te whakaoti tere te hanga, i tutuki hihiko 70% -s anake i te mutunga o 1989

Ko te utu o te waka rererangi taimaha kawe "Admiral Kuznetsov" i taua wa ko te neke atu i whitu rau miriona moni. I maoro ke ano te tino kaihoahoa, ka ia L. Belov. Kua te wahi nui o te taputapu ūnga hiko kua tāuta i wha me te tau i te hawhe i muri i te rā kati, ko hihiko o te kaipuke 80%.

Lué i roto i te moana

tupu tenei hui Oketopa 20, 1989 I te wa, ko tata rite te kawe waka rererangi, ki te kahore hoki te ngaro o te rōpū rererangi. roa nekeneke atu atu i te marama, he kua te tuatahi o Noema kawea tenei whakatō o te mig-29 me Su-27 tamataraa i roto i te taua tau.

Fully pūnaha kariri me irirangi i roto i / h i whakapumautia 20506 rererangi taimaha kawe "Admiral Kuznetsov" anake i roto i te 1990 (moni hihiko katoa ki pā ana ki 90%). I roto i te wa taua hua wā tamataraa moana te kaipuke. I roto i te waenganui o te ngahuru riro te kaipuke te ingoa whakamutunga i raro nei haere inaianei.

I roto i te wāhanga tuatahi o whakamatautau te kawe rererangi takitahi taukei neke atu i 16 mano maero. Ki te runways whakaputaina rererangi kaipuke tata e rima rau putaputa. Katoa cruiser ū mahi kahore āhua o te whawhati tata e mo tīmata i te oko whakamātautau - he hua pai.

oti nga whakamātautau tuatahi i i te mutunga o 1990. Neke atu i te tau haere te wā whakamutunga o te mana kounga kāwanatanga, i muri nei i whakaritea te kaipuke ki te Fleet Northern.

āhuatanga Hangarau

Hei wāhanga o te rahoraho, me te papa hūpekepeke kopere eke fairings motuhake. Tīariari rererangi i runga i te rahoraho o te kawe rererangi e tukua e whakaara, ia o nei kia whakaitia 40 taranata. Ko te whānui rahoraho ko 67 mita. Ko te roa o te cruiser ōrite tata 305 mita, te tere o ona putunga - 10.5 m.

Whai pūtake whakamahia mō te rahoraho taunga rererangi wahi 250 me te roa o 26 mita te whānui. He he pinakitanga o e whitu nekehanga. He rua o taketake ropu tīmatanga-ake.

Engines i TAVKR "Admiral Kuznetsov" kōhua me te mīhini huri hiko, chetyrehvalnye ki generators kaha me whakaputa diesel. Ka rite ki propulsor protrude wha pokekore (kua ia 5 matatahi). Whāiti tere haere ko 29 knots (55 km / h). Ka taea e te cruiser whakatere motuhake kawe ake ki te ono marama. Ko te waka - tata rua mano iwi.

rākau

Kei raro ko nga kauhoe whawhai me te taea o te kawe rererangi:

• pūnaha Navigation - "Beysur".
• Hihiani - "Mars-Passat", "Fregat-MA", "Rutu", "Vaigach".
• Founga o momo hiko - CICS "te kaitapahi e" SJC "pūrau", "Star" matatini "Buran-2", "Constellation - BR";
• kariri Anti-rererangi - 6 × 6 AK-630: (48 mano kai.)
• Tākirirangi - pu SCRC "Granite", "Dirk", "oka";
• patu Antisubmarine (60 poma) - RBU-12000;
• Rōpū Aviation - rima tekau wae (waka topatopa me rererangi).

rahiraa

Hei mahino te nui o te cruiser, kia tuhia te reira e te mea rite ki te whare 27-ōna papa tona tiketike. Roto te rite rawa ai ki tata wha mano ruma rerekē. I roto i te hanga kua reira kua pau 4000 kiromita o te taura, 12,000 kiromita o putorino o diameters rerekē, me te taumahinga. Ētahi ua i runga i te kaipuke, i reira e pā ana ki e rima tekau nga wahi. Hangar momo kati (153 * 26 * 7.2 mita) wāhi auau rōpū 70 ōrau rangi. ngā raro tiaki hanganga o te patu, me te roa taiepa, tona hohonu - e pā ana ki e rima mita.

aro mātai Modern o te kaupapa 1143,5

humarie taea te huaina kaipuke tirohia te kawe rererangi tonu i-parirau. Heoi, e kore katoa e pera pai ki te hanga wā roa-tere. Te nuinga o te wa noho ia i roto i te kahui hanga.

kerēme nui e ki te mātiti. i roto i i te moana maha tahi e taumata o ngā faahiahia. kia haapapu te reira e haere katoa cruiser hīkoi roa me te hutiraa. Ko te whai wāhi tata ki te moana nui - i tetahi atu haamauraa.

He tokomaha tatari hoki te kawe rererangi taimaha "Admiral Kuznetsov" ka haere ki a Hiria. A e kore e pera roa i mua i tupu i te reira. O te akoranga, e kore kahore ona raruraru, engari patua tonu te kaipuke te ara ki reira, me te hoki. I roto i te rua tau i muri mai kua whakaritea reira te nāna nui i muri o te cruiser.