Te faaineineraa o te waikawameha ahetiki

waikawa ahetiki - he wai mārama te huitahi e kua he kakara āhuatanga, me te reka kawa. Ko reira ngāwari tairewa ki te wai i roto i te nui mutunga kore, hygroscopic. Pea te ranu i te reira ki te whakarewa maha. I roto i te waikawa tino pai-ahetiki memeha e pūhui pararopi me te hau.

whakaputaina Winika te nuinga i roto i te tukanga o te FERMENTATION waina. Te āhua na i roto i nga wa onamata, winika hua, diluted ki te wai, ka karanga winika. I whakapono te reira e te mea he pānga haumanu i runga i te paru, tu korere. Na reira, nga hoia nei e takoha ana ki te noho i te wa roa i roto i ngā āhuatanga uaua, i nga wa katoa i ki a ia he pounamu o te waina ki te waikawa memeha.

I teie mahana, hiahia maha iwi ki te uru tohutao o rongoā tuku iho. Na aporo cider winika mo te tokomaha te mea he raau rapaau no te mōmonatanga. Ano, pati waewae atawhai rohirohi.

Heoi, e kore te mea tonu te winika hoko te mea kua tohua i runga i te tapanga. Na te hanga o te waikawameha ahetiki i FERMENTATION o te ranunga aporo wai-huka - ehara i te mea uaua, ara i roto i te kāinga.

rite Ancient Roma inu whakahaurangi reka motuhake, ka karanga wai. Hei whiwhi rewena tenei waina i roto i te kohua mata, hua i roto i i hanga o te tāpia mata - ". Huka o mata" taonga tino reka e "huka o Saturn" i huaina ano hoki ranei He maha aristocrats nei pau tenei inu, te fariiraa i ma'i paihana mata.

A mo te tono i ngā tuatahi o te waikawameha ahetiki tae tatou tuhinga - lekooti o te pūtaiao Kariki Teofasta pā atu ki te BC 3 rau. fakamatala'i ratou e ia kia rite ki te pānga winika i runga i konganuku, reira whakaputa nga uhi whakamahia i roto i te toi. Ki te āwhina o te winika whiwhi mata ma , me te parahi-Xph.

I roto i te Renaissance te hanga o te waikawameha ahetiki i runga i whāhau o etahi acetates whakarewa, hei tauira, ka te Māturu maroke o te parahi tāpia (II). Kei te whānui whakamahia i tēnei tikanga i roto i te ahumahi tata ki te waenganui o te rau tau whakamutunga.

whakatuwheratia alchemist Arabic Jabr bin Haiyan faaineineraa o kukū essences waikawameha ahetiki A 8 rau i Māturu, tika rite te whiwhi māhī.

Adolf Kolbe kēmihi German, i roto i te tau 1847 kua whakatuwheratia te hanga o te waikawameha ahetiki i inorganics. whakawhirinaki ana tēnei tikanga i runga i chlorination o waro disulfide ki waro tetrachloride, e ka puta ki te pyrohydrolysis ki tetrachlorethylene. Ko te mahi e whai ake i roto i tenei tukanga ko te chlorination o tetrachlorethylene ki te waikawa trichloroacetic. Muri, i te māngai whakaiti -hiko tahuri tika ki te waikawa ahetiki.

Mai i te mutunga o te rau tau 19 me te timatanga o te 20 e hāngai ana te hanga o te waikawameha ahetiki i runga i te Māturu o te rakau. Fele winika whakaputaina i roto i Germany. kua mahue Tata he tuatoru o te winika hua te hanga o te poropango - tae ahumahi.

waikawa ahetiki, te faaineineraa o i hāngai te i runga i te Māturu o otaota, he rerekē i taua whiwhi e te tahi atu tikanga tona hanganga matū. Ko te utu o tenei tikanga ko te painga tino, a na reira te ko reira te pūtake mo te hanga ahumahi o te winika - waikawameha ahetiki hāngai.

tai waikawameha ahetiki hoki kua whakamahia i roto i te ahumahi. Hei tauira, ki te wehe te rino, me te konumohe i te tahi atu 3 ngā rōpū o konganuku i te tātari matū mā te tauhohenga kohua tote waikawameha ahetiki i roto i te wai.

O parahi tāpia, poropango me "Lead White", whakamahia hoki tae kua whakahuatia i runga ake. Toharite tote ahetiki waikawa o mata, kotahi e i hanga e i roto i te inu paitini i huaina "sapa", kitea i roto i te mooni nāianei, ratou whakamahi i roto i te rongoā. i huaina parahi tote o te waikawameha ahetiki i roto i ngā ki te parahi myshyakovistokisloy te matomato Paris (shveynfurtskoy) me te whakamahia whānuitia i roto i te mana o te tipu pests.