I roto i te ako o te whakaaro pāpori i roto i Russia e kore e taea ki te haere mua te 40-doma o te rau tau 19, ka hanga e te whakaaro Slavophiles me Westerners. kihai i ratou tautohetohe i runga i te rau tau whakamutunga, me te whai tonu faufaa tōrangapū, rawa i roto i te marama o ngā tata.
Ko te huru o te rau tau 19
I roto i te tīmatanga o te rau tau 19, ko Russia te whenua ki te whenua o te aratau feudal o production, i roto i te taa ki Europe, i reira he tukanga o te whakatōpū o whanaunga bourgeois capitalist. Ko te kupu, ko te backwardness ōhanga nui haere o te Russian Empire, i hoatu take ki te whakaata i runga i te hiahia mō ngā whakahounga. Na roto i te a nui, tīmata ratou hoki a Pita te tuatahi, engari iti nga hua i. I te wa ano i whawhai whanaunga bourgeois ratou ara i roto i Europa i te tikanga o takaí, toto me te tutu. Whakatairanga i whakataetae, kaha te faaohiparaa. Kua faauruhia meka Tata maha ngā mema o te whakaaro pāpori motu. He he tautohetohe rawa mārama e pā ana ki te whanaketanga o te whenua ake nei, i te atu i kokiritanga i tetahi rawa ki te fetaulaki'anga i roto i te kaupapa here ā-ki tetahi atu. Slavophiles me te Pākehā - rua ara ritenga mo Russia, engari te katoa i ki mai ai ki te pai.
I roto i te whakautu ki te kaupapa o Slavophiles
Tata e rua rau tau i roto i te akomanga o runga o te kāwanatanga Russian i hanga e huru poklonnicheskoe ki Europe me ona whakatutukitanga. Kei te piki puta Russia, e ngana ana ki te rite i te whenua Western. A. S. Homyakov tuatahi whakaputaina i runga i whakaatu i te whakaaro tūmatanui e pā ana ki te ara motuhake o te whanaketanga o to tatou ahua - i runga i te pūtake o te collectivism, e faaite ake i roto i te hapori taiwhenua. Faaore i te hiahia ki te haapapu i te backwardness o te mana, me te rite ki Europe. A tawhio noa whakahuatia otinga whakaaro tahoê, rawa kaituhi. ka mohiotia e ratou kia rite ki nga Slavophiles. Te Pākehā - he momo o te whakahoki ki te kaupapa i runga ake. Māngai o Westernism, e hāngai ana i runga i nga whakaaro o Georga Gegelya, ka kite te au kotahi i roto i te whanaketanga o nga whenua katoa o te ao.
Putake taumauri o Westerners
I roto i whakatangi i te hītori o te whakaaro tangata pātai uihia e Paora Gauguin: "Ko wai e tatou hea Hei ???". No nia i te wahi whakamutunga i tohaina reira e toru ngā o tirohanga. ka mea etahi e tuukino tangata. Etahi - kei te neke e i roto i te porohita, e ko, i roto i huringa. Tonu etahi tohe e kauneke. Te Pākehā - he whakaaro nei mau te tirohanga whakamutunga. whakapono ratou e he ahu whakamua hītori, kua kotahi vector o te whanaketanga, ki Europe mua o te tahi atu rohe o te ao, a tautuhi te ara e ka haere ki te tahi atu nga iwi katoa. Na reira, whenua katoa, me te Russia, kia arotahi ki runga i te whakatutukitanga o te ao Pākehā i roto i ngā wāhanga katoa o te hapori, kahore okotahi.
Ki te Pākehā Slavophiles
Na, i roto i nga 40s o te rau tau 19 i reira te wä aroraa "Slavophiles - Westerners". He tepu whakatairite i te haapiiraa taketake o pai whakaatu ratou whakaaro i runga i te mua, me te heke mai o te āhua Russian.
Ngaahi Fakakaukau Slavophiles me Westerners | te Pākehā | pātai o whakarite | Slavophiles |
| uouangataha Europe | ara whanaketanga | Tuakiri, i roto i ngā |
| Whakamuri whakaritea ki whenua Western | Ko te tūnga o Russia | E kore e taea e koe te whakarite ki ētahi atu whenua |
| Mauritau, whai wāhi ia ki te ahunga whakamua o te whenua o | Whanaungatanga Pita te whakahou | vai Negative ao, kua ngaro ia |
| arikitanga Pāremata, pūnaha ture o tika ā-iwi me te rangatiratanga | Ko te pūnaha tōrangapū o Russia | Autocracy, engari te momo o te mana patereareha. Ko te kaha o te whakaaro - iwi (Zemsky Sobor), te kaha o te mana - te kingi. |
| kino | Attitude ki serfdom | kino |
māngai o te Pākehā
He wāhi nui i roto i te whakahounga bourgeois nui 60-70s takaro Westerners. Māngai o te whakaaro tūmatanui i kore anake inspirers wä o te panoni kāwanatanga, engari i whai wāhi ratou ratou i roto i to ratou whanaketanga. Ko te kupu, noho he pāpori tūranga kaha Konstantin Kavelin, e papa'i i te "Note i runga i te tuku o nga peasants." Timofey Granovsky, he ahorangi o hītori, paruru te hokohoko atu o nga whakahounga whakatakotoria iho i roto i te tīmatanga o te rau tau tekau ma waru, i te Māmá hoki kaupapa here kāwanatanga hohe. A tawhio noa ia ia, ka hono ai rite-whakaaro te iwi, e ngā Turgenev, Botkin, M. Katkov, Vernadsky, B. Chicherin. Westerners whakaaro ko te pūtake o te tikanga hou e tino ahu whakamua o te rau tau 19 - te rāngai ture, i whakatakotoria nga turanga o te tikanga o te ture, me te hapori ā-.
Ko te aitua o Westerners
Reira i tupu pinepine e i roto i te tukanga o te whanaketanga o te kaupapa pāpori ko tona wehewehenga atu, arā, ritua. No okotahi, me Westerners. E pā ana matua tenei ki te whakanui i te rōpū tuwhena e karanga i te ara orurehau o te huringa. Kei roto te reira i Belinsky, N. Ogarev, a, o te akoranga, Alexander Herzen. I etahi wā, tupu te reira slavophiles pūtahitanga me Westerners orurehau e whakapono e taea te hapori ahuwhenua hei te pūtake o ngā pūrere heke mai te hapori. Otiia kihai i reira whakatakotoria. I roto i te whānui, i te aroraa o whakaaro ara taketake o te whanaketanga o Russia ki runga ki te tūranga motuhake o to tatou ao i roto i te ao, me te hiahia mō te takotoranga pro-Western noho. I tēnei wā, ko te wehenga nuinga i roto i te ao tōrangapū, e tu i roto i Westerners. Māngai o te kaupapa i roto i te manakohia o tuitui ki te Pākehā Union, te kitenga i te reira rite te ara i roto i o te sikalú o te ao, i ngā ano i roto i te wā o te hanganga hapori.