Te paru catalase: āhuatanga matua

Catalase - kitea he paru kaiao i ora tata katoa. Ko tōna mahi matua - ki catalyze te whāwehe o te hauwai ki matū kinokore mo te rauropi. Ko Catalase o faufaa rahi mo te ora o nga pūtau, rite paruru ratou i te whakangaromanga e momo hāora urupare.

Overview

pā ana te paru catalase ki oxidoreductase - whānui o whākōkī e catalyze te whakawhiti o ngā irahiko i te rāpoi ngota whakaiti (kaituku) ki te rāpoi ngota āpitihāora (acceptor) piha.

Ko te pH tino arotau mō catalase i te tinana tangata, ko te pā ana ki 7, Heoi, ko te auau tauhohe e kore te huri tino i ngā uara o te taupū hauwai i 6.8 ki te 7.5. Ko te tino arotau pH mō ētahi atu catalases mai i te 4 ki te 11, i runga i te momo o te kaiao rānei. He rerekē hoki te tangata ano hoki te pāmahana tino arotau te pā ana ki 37 ^° C

Catalase - tetahi o nga whākōkī tere. Ko te ahei o te faafariuraa ona milioni o ngā rāpoi ngota o te hauwai ki te wai me te hāora ia te rua kotahi anake rāpoi ngota. I roto i ngā o te enzymology i te tikanga e te tokomaha nui o takaí āhuatanga o te pūmua whākōkī catalase.

whākōkī hanganga

Catalase Ko te tetramer o wha mekameka polypeptide, ia o nei kua neke atu i te 500 waikawa amino i roto i te roa. tito te whākōkī e o ngā rōpū e whā o heme whero, a roto i nei tauhohe ki momo hāora hohe. Ko te rōpū heme prosthetic oxidized ko te catalase.

History o whakahura

kihai i Catalase mohiotia ki pūtaiao 1818 tau tae noa kore e fokotu'u mai Louis Jacques Thénard kēmihi kitea i roto i ngā pūtau o te hauwai ora e tona whakangaromanga tika ki te mahi o te rauemi koiora unknown.

I roto i te 1900, he kēmihi Tiamana, Oskar Leo tuatahi whakaurua te "catalase" wā ki te kōrero ki te taonga decomposing hauwai ngaro. i ahei te whakahoki i te pātai, te wahi i roto i te paru catalase ia. Ka rite ki te hua o te tini ngā whakakitea Oskar Leo e he āhuatanga o tata katoa kararehe me ngā otaota tenei whākōkī. I roto i ngā pūtau ora, me te maha atu whākōkī, roto catalase te i roto i peroxisomes.

I roto i te tau 1937 Ko te tuatahi ki te whātioata catalase i mīti ate ia. 250 KD - taimaha o te paru rāpoi i takoto i roto i te 1938. I roto i 1981 Kua riro pūtaiao whakapakoko o te hanganga e toru-ahu o te Bovine catalase.

Ko te catalysis o te hauwai

Ahakoa te meka e hauwai - he hua o maha tukanga noa pūkoro tinana, e kore te mea te reira te kinokore ki te tinana.

Kia kore ai te whakangaromanga o ngā pūtau me te kopa, me kia hohoro tahuri te hauwai ki atu, iti iho mōrearea ki te tinana. Ko reira ki tenei wero, me te pakari paru catalase - decomposes reira te waikuratei ki e rua ngā rāpoi ngota o ngā rāpoi ngota wai me ngā rāpoi ngota hāora.

Ko te tauhohenga o te hauwai whāwehe i roto i te kopa ora:

2 H ₂ E ₂ → 2 H ₂ E + e ₂

e kore e matau ano rite te tikanga rāpoi o te paru wāhinga o te hauwai e catalase. Kei te riro te reira e e wahi te tauhohenga i roto i rua ngā wāhanga - te wāhanga tuatahi arā o rino catalase rōpū prosthetic herea ia ki te ngota hāora o te hauwai, mahia tenei tetahi muingota o te wai. I roto i te taahiraa tuarua te heme oxidized pāhekoheko ki tetahi atu muingota o te hauwai, reira hanga tetahi muingota o te wai, me te kotahi rāpoi ngota o te hāora.

Na roto i tenei mahi o te paru catalase mo te hauwai waikuratei, kei te ngāwari whakaritea te aroaro o te taonga kaha i roto i te tauira kiko. Hei tāpiri i tēnei nui ki te whakamātautau te whāwhā i te nui iti o te hauwai me te mau i te tauhohenga. Ko te aroaro o te whākōkī parau te hanganga o mirumiru hāora. He pai tenei tauhohenga te mea e kore te reira e rapua e tetahi taputapu motuhake taputapu ranei - ka taea te kite i te reira ki te kanohi tahanga.

E tano ia tapao e taea te katote o tetahi whakarewa taimaha ngāue rite te inhibitor noncompetitive o catalase. I tua atu, kua whakatoatoa nei cyanide mohiotia katoa rite te inhibitor whakataetae o catalase, ki te i roto i te maha te kopa o te hauwai. Arsenates hei activators.

tono

Mahi o te paru catalase decomposes hauwai i whakamahia i roto i te ahumahi kai - te whakamahi i tenei whākōkī e nekehia atu i te waiu H ₂ E te ₂ ki te faaineineraa o te tīhi. Tētahi atu tono - tākai kai motuhake e tiaki te hua ki piti hāora. Kei te whakamahia hoki Catalase i te ahumahi pueru mo te tango o te hauwai i papanga.

Kei te whakamahia te reira i roto i te akuaku o tīwhana whakapā i roto i ngā rahinga iti. E tito ētahi disinfectants o te hauwai me te whakamahia catalase te ki wahia tenei wae i mua i te whakamahi arotahi.

mahi

Mahi o catalase whākōkī tei runga i te tau o te rauropi. Nga kopa taitama o te mahi paru, ko te nui ki runga ake i roto i te tawhito. Ki te tau i roto i te tangata, me te i roto i nga kararehe mahi catalase māmālie heke rite ki te hua o te hoholo o te kopa, i nga okana.

E ai ki te ako tata, he hekenga o te mahi catalase ko tetahi o nga take ka taea o te makawe graying. whakaputaina hauwai e tonu i roto i te tinana tangata, engari kahore kino - decomposes hohoro catalase reira. Otiia ki te iti te taumata o tenei whākōkī te, ko reira kitea e kore catalyzed katoa te hauwai waikuratei e te whākōkī. Ko te kupu, discolors reira i roto i te huruhuru e tātau waikano māori. Tenei kitea ohorere whakamatautauria tēnei wā e ngā kairangahau, a kia whai wāhi i roto i te whanaketanga o te raau taero, whakatārewatia e graying o makawe.