Tikanga Cytogenetic mo te ako o te whakapapa

Cytogenetics Ko te peka motuhake o te parau haapiiraa o te whakapapa, e titiro rerekē, tuatahi o kite (explicate) pāpāho katoa kei roto ngā mōhiohio e pā ana ki tupu ira. Taua kawe Ko te ngā momo pūira (polytene, mitotic me meiotic) plastids, karihi interphase, a ka ki te whānuitanga iti - pungaraungao.

Nä, ko te tikanga cytogenetic ko te huinga o ngā tikanga me ngā hangarau ako matua pūira i roto i i whakatakotoria hanga ratou tawhā ine te o whakaahuatanga matū-koiora, tirotiro tatou i te hanganga me ngā momo o te whanonga i roto i wehewehenga pūtau. whāinga Scientific o tenei ako ko ki whakapumautia te hononga i waenganui i te āhua me ngā akiakinga o ngā rerekētanga i roto i te hanganga pūira me te tauira, e whakaata ana i te rerekētanga o ngā tohu.

Ko tētahi o nga wāhi tino nui o te rangahau e fokotuu tikanga cytogenetic ko ki te tātari i te karyotype tangata. Kei te te tikanga te ako kawea atu i runga i ngā ahurea i roto i nei puta wehenga, me te takoto o ngā pūtau somatic.

Ko te ahurea tino noa mō tenei ahua o te rangahau - piringa pūtau toto pērā i lymphocytes, fibroblasts me ngā pūtau wheua wheua. Te nuinga o te ahurea wātea, whakamahia i roto i cytogenetics hauora he lymphocytes toto. Ko te take hoki tenei ko e, rite ki te tikanga, ko ratou te kaupapa o te tātaritanga i roto i te wā postnatal. A, no te tātari karyotype tikanga cytogenetic fetal whai wāhi te whakamahi o ngā ahurea pūtau, te whiriwhiri o te mea e tika ana ki te maha o ngā āhuatanga. Tino i roto i enei ko te wā o te hapūtanga. Hei tauira, me iti iho i te 12 wiki, tātari cytogenetic o pūira te pai kawea atu ki te whai wāhitanga o te pūtau chorionic, a ka he hapūtanga runga 12 wiki, he mea tika ki te whakaaro i te ako o ngā pūtau fetal. Hoki tenei whakaaro, he taiea āta i te ewe me te toto fetal ratou.

Hei whakatau i te cytogenetic karyotype tikanga mō te ako kainga titau whiwhi i te tauira toto i roto i te nui o kahore iti iho i te 2.1 ml. I roto i tenei take, ano te tikanga kau whakahaere rangahau, arā, o toru ngā wāhanga matua:

- wehe, me te culturing te pūtau i roto i nei e kawea te tātari i roto i;

- paura tarukino;

- he tātaritanga tino o te raau taero i raro i te karu.

Whai hua tikanga cytogenetic o iranga taea e anake ka e tutaki nga tikanga e whai ake nei. Tuatahi, i reira kia kia he tetahi maha o ngā pūtau i roto i te atamira metaphase. Tuarua, kia kawea te maara i roto i tino i runga ki whakapumautia ture, me mo te wā o te kore iti iho i te 72 haora. Tuatoru, kia whakamana i te warea o te pūtau ki te otinga o te waikawameha ahetiki me te mewaro i roto i te ōwehenga o enei matū noa 3: 1.

I te wā o te faaineineraa no te peita ako cytogenetic o kōwhiringa tae te hanga tango ki pūkete te whakaaro rawa o te ako, e ko, kia aha te momo o irakētanga e tūhuratia. I roto i te nuinga o te wā, te whakamahi i te tikanga tae tonu, mai te mea te reira māmā ki te whakatau i te tawhā ine o pūira. rangahau Modern kua tino whakamahia te tikanga o te poke, ki te whakatau i te abnormalities karyotype i roto i to ratou quantified. Ko hanga he taua tikanga cytogenetic taea reira ki te whakatau me te ki te tautuhi i te akiaki hanganga o pūira. Na reira, te whakamahi i te tahi atu tikanga motuhake e tukua ki a koe e haamou i te ngoikoretanga o te tae tonu. Ko te noa tino o enei, pērā i te tikanga o te poke pārōnaki, te G-tikanga, R-tikanga, me te tahi atu.

Na rawa, te toru te wāhanga o te ako, ko te ako mōkitokito o pūira poke kei i runga i te atamira metaphase. I roto i tona maha huinga o āhua noa, me te rerekē o te kaiao i roto i ona pūtau fetal tangata. Hoki tenei whakaaro, kia rite ki te tikanga, te tātaritanga o te kopa maha.