He aha te mea te tauira i roto i te hinengaro me te pāpori

Ko te ariā o "tauira" i whakaurua tuatahi i roto i te rapunga whakaaro o te positivist pūtaiao G. Bergman, Heoi i matau whānuitia i muri i te whakaputanga o ratou mahi pūtaiao, me te taumauri o T. Kuhn. whakaekea e ia tona tirohanga o takaí pūtaiao rite te nekenga tauira - te tahi mau kaupapa ariā, me te ariā tuatahi e te nuinga i te pūtaiao i roto i te wā o mua etahi. Na he aha te mea te tauira i roto i te pūtaiao? I raro i tenei ariā e pā ana ki te tapatahi katoa o ngā whakapono pūtaiao, ngā uara, me te tikanga o te ako, e kua whakaaetia e te hapori pūtaiao.

tirohanga hinengaro i runga i te ariā o "tauira". Whakatau i o ngā huarahi rerekē

Ki te whakaaro ki te pūtaiao o te hinengaro, me te ture o tona faaiteraa i hanga e toru huarahi e pā ana ki te kupu whakahoki ki te pātai: "He aha te mea he tauira i roto i te hinengaro?".

Kei te huarahi tuatahi i roto i te meka e tenei pūtaiao māori ko mara doparadigmalnoy o te matauranga, ka rite ki te tauira pūtaiao e kore i te reira i whakawhanakehia ano.

I roto i te huarahi tuarua, kaimātai hinengaro whakapono multiparadigmality pūtaiao, mai i hanga e te reira e rave rahi paradigms - Psychoanalytic, behaviorist, tahatai, cognitivist me etahi atu.

āhuatanga te huarahi tuatoru e te meka i whakaaro hinengaro te vneparadigmalnoy pūtaiao, no te mea te ariā o "tauira" e kore e tono i roto i tenei mara.

Humanities me paradigms pūtaiao māori i roto i te hinengaro

Ko te pūtaiao rongonui German Wilhelm Dilthey ngā hinengaro whakamārama i atu gravitating ki nga tikanga o te tikanga tangohia, a whakamārama ranei matau. Ko tēnei tirohanga o nga momo e rua o te pūtaiao e hāngai ana ki te ra nei.

Ko te tikanga me ngā tūāhua o te matauranga o te konä tangata e te kaha kōrero i roto i te hinengaro, a kahore he tenei raruraru o te otinga kotahi. Whakaahua tenei āhuatanga, B. whakahaere ki te tuhituhi e maha whakarongo kaimātai hinengaro, rawa i māngai o te pūtaiao tangohia, e kore te mea e hinengaro he pūtaiao, mai i te mea kahore ture pau tino tikanga pūtaiao o te rangahau. Heoi, i runga i te tahi atu te ringa, te taenga atu ano e timata i te kaimātai hinengaro ki te tiki wāhi i roto i ngā tikanga pāngarau mō te whakaahua i ngā tukanga hinengaro, feinga ki ūkui whakaōkawa, whakatika kerēme ara i roto i nga momo - mea, Ko na matatini e he e taea ki te whakaōkawa i te konä tangata. Ko te taua āhuatanga e taea tatou mau i roto i te hinengaro rawa.

Hoariri huarahi scientistic hei tauira o te psychoanalysis mata. Ka rite ki te hanga i te Kizhi rongonui i waho te titi kotahi, me te whare o ngā Psychoanalytic i roto i te hinengaro i hanga, kahore te tohu pāngarau kotahi. Kei te haere tonu i runga i kōrero kaitautoko o ēnei huarahi.

Ko te ariā o te tauira i roto i te pāpori

Hei matau aha te tauira i roto i te pāpori, kia mohio koutou e i roto i te pā ana ki te ariā o "tauira" i roto i tenei pūtaiao te whanake rite ki te āhuatanga whakaahuatia ana i runga. Mai i te pāpori i reira e he maha o ariā taketake, ona rite noa hinengaro, e taea te pēnei ki te "multiparadigmality" pūtaiao, e ko, te ako pūtaiao e he paradigms maha. Te aromatawai i tona āhua o nāianei, te ingoa sociologist GV Osipov tuhia he maha o kaupapa nui e hāngai ana ki ariā o Durkheim, Marx, B. Skinner, M. Weber pai-mohiotia.

He whakahoki paku rerekē ki te pātai: "? He aha te mea he tauira" Ka taea te kitea i roto i te tuhinga oraraa totiare noa atu. Hei tauira, kite Giddens rite paradigmatic ariā pūtaiao o Karl Marx, Auguste Comte, Emile Durkheim, Max Weber. Te taha ki tenei, e kore koutou e taea e te kōrero e pā ana ki te rota o paradigms roto i te pāpori, engari e rua anake - puāwaitanga me te hou. He maha sociologists ke tautohe e faataa i te hononga ki te tere huri āhua o te wā nei o ngā tukanga pāpori ki te awhina o nga hanganga ariā o pūtaiao o rau tau mua he kore e taea. Na reira, ko te huringa hanga e ratou he pikitia o mooni pāpori, kia waiho o ratou tirohanga o te hapori i te tauira oraraa totiare hou.