Ture Kirimina. Hāunga huru haratūtanga

I roto i te ora i reira he āhuatanga ka te whanonga o te tumu parau, āhua hinga i raro i te hara, me i roto i te mau huru noa hoatu ara ki te taunahatanga taihara, mahi reira rite te pāpori whai hua. I roto i etahi huru otirā mahi o te tangata ranei riro te ihirangi rerekē. e kore te taua whanonga hipoki e te ture taihara. parepare Kirimina, noho i te wahi motuhake i roto i te parau haapiiraa ture. whakatika te pātai o ratou aroaro anake ka he tuukino ki te whanaunga pāpori tiaki me i te Code Kirimina (Motuhake Part) taua whanonga tuhia te aukati hāngai i runga i te whakamahi o te whiu. Fakakaukau ke atu i te ariā me ngā momo o huru kaitouo haratūtanga.

Overview

Ko te pūnaha o huru kaitouo haratūtanga, whai wāhi nui i roto i te tukanga o te haamauraa i te unlawfulness o whakahaere me tangata hara. Anake i te wō o lawmakers whakaurua hou whakakorea ranei meka mua, kia rite ki nei te hara āhua kia karo i ngā mahi ture te tono o utu'a i te whakaute o ratou. Concept me ngā momo o parepare taihara, whakatakoto i roto i te paerewa kore-whakahauanga. tikanga o tēnei e i roto i ia take, ka taea e te tangata te whiriwhiri i waenganui i te maha o ngā tauira o te whanonga. I roto i tenei take, e kore e te kaupapa whakaritea uncontested me mārama mahi whanonga. Tenei huarahi tino whakaata te mau parau tumu o te tika, me te tangata rite tautuhi i Sec. 1 o te Code Kirimina.

Ko te ariā o parepare taihara

He he he whakamāramatanga whänui ana te whakaaetia o te kāwai i roto i te pātai. Tūkunga hāunga haratūtanga me taunahatanga taihara no o te ngaro o te tetahi he, me te illegality - tenei mahi / ngoikore o, waho rite te mahi whanonga whakaratohia hoki i roto i te oko Code Kirimina, whakakitea i roto i te kino ki ngā ngākau nuitanga tiakina, engari ko reira te whakatinanatanga o te tika tuakiri, i raro ki herenga ā-ture ranei dereliction o ohipa, i raro ki nga tikanga o ratou te whaitake.

āhuatanga motuhake

I roto i te hakari tuhinga motuhake o te Code Kirimina, hanga parepare taihara. aro mātaitia te uara o ia o nga āhuatanga kei te takitahi hoki ia take takitahi. I te wa ano, i reira he āhuatanga noa ki taua mahi whanonga katoa. āhuatanga General o te huru kaitouo te ture, o te mahi, te whai ake:

1. I hanga mahi whanonga i tohua i roto i te tūemi. 37-42 o te Code Kirimina, i reira he tonu mahi. meinga taua mahi nui kino ki ngā ngākau nuitanga tiakina, e ko, ki etahi atu, te kāwanatanga hapori ranei. I roto i tenei horopaki, whakatika te pātai e pā ana ki te taea o te whiu.
2. Kei te hāngai tata tonu whanonga i runga i te hihiri pāpori whai hua. I roto i te tahi mau āhuatanga, kua pōreareatanga e āhuatanga o waho taua manawa. Hei tauira, hāunga te huru haratūtanga kia ara ake i te hiahia ki te tiaki ia ratou i te whakaekenga mōrearea tiakina i te whakaekenga o tetahi tangata ranei, mau te hara, ki te ārai taea kino, a na i runga i. I roto i te tahi atu āhuatanga, e ara taumu'a i raro i te mana o ngā utanga ā-a faaite i te hiahia ki te whakatutuki i ngā hua hapori painga.
3. Ki te mea i reira he tikanga Ture, mahi mahi whanonga rite tūkunga kaitouo haratūtanga me taihara, whakahaere, ture ranei faatitiaifaroraa fakangofua.
4. Tūkino ki te hanganga ture-kore ki te Ture o te tikanga whakapumautia e te Code Kirimina, he whiua. Heoi, i roto i te tirohanga o te whaipainga pāpori o koronga ka hanga taua mahi whanonga, kua mohio ratou rite te kino ki te tūkunga mitigating.

mōhiohio hītori

parepare Kirimina, āhuatanga taua whanonga, i roto i te parau haapiiraa Soviet whakaaro rite te plurality o te iti te maha o ngā paerewa. I roto i tenei take, nga mahi ture e mua whakaturia ake o tenei ahua o tuhinga. Na, whakaritea i roto i te Code o 1903 i huru kaitouo wrongfulness o mahi, me te hara o hei he. Ko te rōpū tuatahi, mo te tauira, ngā o:

• tau tika Undershoot mō te whakamahi whiu.
• te whakararuraru, mamae a na i runga i.

I whakaurua te rōpū tuarua:

• Rūraa.
• Mālohi.
• korero e tika ana.
• Tuhinga o te tikanga te ture ranei.

E ai ki te Code Kirimina o 1996 ki parepare taihara, ngā:

1. Kino i roto i te tukanga o tangata puke te ofatiraa i te ture.
2. korero e tika ana.
3. tųkinotanga Mental me tinana.
4. Rūraa.
5. Tuhinga o te tikanga whakahau ranei.
6. mōrea whaitake.

Haunga te runga ake, te parau haapiiraa o ngā waea, me te tahi atu mau huru kaitouo hara mahi. E tino pāngia ratou whakaae, te mahi o ngaahi fatongia ngaio, te whakatinanatanga o ngā tika tuakiri, me te pera i runga i.

ngako

Taihara hiranga ture o te faanahoraa puta i roto i:

1. Whakarerenga o whiu i roto i te aroaro o te Ture o te whanonga.
2. Fakamolū aukati ka mahi mahi tuatahi rite kaitouo whanonga hara mahia, engari e kore e muri ka whakatika ake i roto i te hononga ki te whaitake rohe ofatiraa ranei e tika ana ki ētahi atu āhuatanga (Art. 40 hr. 1 CC anake).
3. Taupānga o whiu mo rawa nga rohe o kino kino.

E pā ana te kai muri anake ki etahi mahi huru hāunga haratūtanga.

ngā tuku iho

E te mau huru kaitouo haratūtanga, pā maha ngā tikanga. Heoi, te nuinga o ratou tomo te ture āhua hou. āhuatanga tuku iho ngā whaiaro korero-. Kairangahau tātari i te hītori o tenei institution, tohu he hehema ki te whakawhānui i tōna whakamahinga. Whaiaro-korero rite te kaitouo haratūtanga huru, te tuatahi whakahuatia i te timatanga o 1919. I whakamahia ētahi o ona whakaurunga i roto i te tau iti i roto i te Code Criminal o 1922. I te tīmatanga o 1924 ngā te hōkai o te mahi tuatahi o te Institute kua tino whakawhānui. korero āta tika rite te kaitouo haratūtanga huru, hono kore anake ki te kaiwawao tuakiri me ētahi atu hinonga i ai nekehia te ati. I whakaurua te Code faahororaa me i te tiaki o te ngākau nuitanga o te kāwanatanga Soviet, te tikanga orurehau, me te mana. tārite tēnei waihanga e i roto i te toi. 13 Code o te RSFSR Kirimina Code o 1926 Whakakapi inaianei ano ngā i roto i ona parepare taihara. RF - tikanga o te ture, i roto i nei te tikanga mo te hanganga ture ki te ture. takoto ana tēnei mahi ki te ngā okana me rangatira. Hoki ratou, te whakatinanatanga o te whaiaro korero-mahi rite te dereliction o hopoi'a. Makanga o te kirimana iho he hapa entailing whiu e tika ana.

tikanga whakahauanga

mahi whanonga ki te tiaki ia ia atu tangata ranei, ngā ngākau nuitanga o te kāwanatanga, ka taea e mahi rite he parepare taihara, anake i roto i etahi wā. Ko te ture E whakapuaki te tikanga e hiahiatia ana mo te whakatinanatanga-kore o te iti rawa tetahi o e ko mutu te kaupapa o te hihiri ki te kia pāpori whai hua, a ka taka i raro i te Code Criminal. Ko te kupu, me waiho te whakaeke pāpori kino, moni tūturu. Ko te tika ki te tiaki whakatika ina he auraratanga riri i runga i ngā ngākau nuitanga tiakina. Ko te tikanga, e te korero wahi i te mahi kino whiua o tetahi atu tangata. Hei tauira, kawea te tiaki kei te roto e whakaata e ngana ana ki te patu tangata, tahae tangata, wahine rape pahua ana e tika ana, me te pera i runga i. titau moni huaki te timatanga ranei tata te wa, i te mahia i te reira. kia tonu te whakaeke me te meinga te taniwha, kino kino ki te hapori. I roto i te haamauraa i te hara tango ki pūkete te mooni o te whakaeke. Me kia mau, e kore whakaaro tūmanakohia ranei hara.

Tūkino i roto i te puke te hara

Ko wāhanga o te parepare taihara hoki tenei whanonga. Hoki tenei kāwai, whakaturia ona ngā o Ture. Ko ratou e whai ake:

1. Me whakararu herehere ana i roto i te faatura o te tangata e kua mahia he mahi e taka i raro i te Code Kirimina o te mahi, e kore te tahi atu Code. Me kia mâro-, kitea, me te kitea taunakitanga Whāinga o te mahi.
2. Ko te whakamahi o te tutu, ko te whakaaetia anake i roto i te take o te whakapono u e he hara tenei kaupapa. Hei tauira, ka mau te tangata e whero-tukua i te scene, ka tohu i te kaiwhakaatu reira i a ia, i roto i tona fare ranei i runga i ona kakahu, ka hei tohu o te mahi, a na reira i runga i. Ka rite ki te pūtake mo te mauheretanga kaimahi te tui kia ranei mo te rapu.
3. Ko te kino meinga ki te tangata e taea anake, ki te reira ko te tino riri ki tona whakataha i te whiu. Mō kia tohu tenei ati, hei tauira, ātete, fakahoko-kore o nga whakaritenga o te āpiha pirihimana, rere whakamatau, a na i runga i.
4. Ka taea te meinga kino anake ki te whakaaro o tona mauheretanga mo muri tukua ki te mana e tika ana. I roto i tenei take, tāmia reira te whai wāhi ki te pare fatongia, me te kino mahi kaimahi rite te tikanga ki te whakatutuki i tenei whāinga. A, no te pupuri hoki vigilante tika ranei ki te whakatutuki i ētahi atu whāinga ngaro reira tona whaitake. I roto i tenei take i te tangata mā te whakamahi i te tutu, i raro ki te whiu i raro i te Code Kirimina.
5. Measures e kua riro i roto i te puke, kia rite ki te ati, me te āhua o te hara, me te hamani takitahi. Hei tauira, fakamasiva o te ora o te tumu parau, e te tamata i te mawhiti, kua whakaaro reira tika anake, ki te mahia e ia patu tangata, purutia-tango, kawea atu te mahi whakawetiweti, me te pera i runga i.
6. Me tautuku i te āhua o te mehua tangohia i roto i te puke ki te tikanga i raro i nei kawea reira i roto i. I roto i tenei take, tango ki pūkete te tikanga kaha me te ātete e utua, te maha o hunga hara ATC me te wā ngā kaimahi (po / ra), me te scene, te aroaro o te pea o te tono i te tikanga ngawari me te mamae kore.

whawhati tata

Ko tenei kāwai i te putake o te taupatupatu tonu. Ahakoa te meka i tenei whare ko wāhanga o te huru mahi tuku iho kaitouo haratūtanga, he ngohengohe ki arotake arohaehae te maimoatanga o te whakamāramatanga. āputa wāhi Tuatahi me tohunga tuatahi unreasonableness rauemi paerewa, me te whakatakoto i te reira e kore anake i roto i te Tuhinga 39 o te Code, engari ano hoki nga tikanga e pā ana ki te fakamamahi'i hinengaro, me te tinana (toi. 40, ch. 2). I roto i te take whakamutunga, i reira he kahore waihanga o tetahi āhuatanga motuhake o te whawhati tata, ki te kahore tohutoro ki puna motuhake o te ati. e kore te mea anake te take e toe i roto i te ariā me te mahi o kāore anō tenei. Ko te kupu, e kore e te ture whakapumautia paearu mo ki te ture taihara arotake exceedances o te rohe tino tika.

māramatanga o te whakamāramatanga

Ka rite ki te whawhati tata whakaaro te he huru i roto i nei tino vai whakarihariha riri mo nga ngākau nuitanga tika o ngā tangata ranei atu hinonga, me te hapori, me te āhua, kua kawea te reira i roto i ki te whara ki ētahi atu iwi. I roto i tenei take, ki te makona te huru e i roto i te āhuatanga tīariari, e kore e taea te whakakorea te ati e te tahi atu tikanga, a ka he te nuinga iti iho i pai kia te take mo te ngoikore o te kino. I roto i taua āhuatanga, huru kaitouo haratūtanga i te nuinga o hapori whai hua. Ko te ati e tupu i enei atu ranei mātāpuna, kia:

• Tū he riri ki nga tika o te tangata, te hapori, te tangata, te hauora o te takitahi.
• Kia moni me te mau.
• Te tīariari i roto i tētahi taiao i reira atu tikanga, e kore e whakapae kino, e kore e taea ki te whakakore i te reira.

tųkinotanga

E nehenehe te reira hinengaro tinana ranei. Akina tenei ahua whakaritea e Art. 40 o te Code. mau tenei meka he wahi motuhake i roto i te katoa. Whakaū hei he ki te ngākau nuitanga tiakina e te ture, i roto i te mau huru rawa kua reira āhua exculpatory. substantiates tenei te kore o aukati taihara me te tuitui ki ētahi atu huru e aukati taunahatanga. Ka rite ki te āhuatanga motuhake i roto i tenei take ko te kino ki te pai ai pararutiki iti ranei me te kore o te whanonga whaipainga tūmatanui.

Whakaahuatanga o te

Tuhinga 40 hipokina te take e taau ki nga ture ranei mahi o e rahurahu he ohorere ranei. Ki te kore i taea e te kaupapa o te tųkinotanga tinana whakahaere ratou whanonga, e ko, ki te hanga i te mahi pōti, a reira meinga kino ki ngā ngākau nuitanga tiakina, e kore e taea te tono i te whiu. Ko e tika ana ki te meka i mahi te tangata mahue ki te mahi i raro i te mana o ngā āhuatanga e rahurahu, e rahurahu ranei tenei. Tenei, i roto i te tahuri, whakarato te hape, me te whanonga hihiri. Hei tauira, e kore e taea e te kaitiaki e pā ana te mahi bypassing te rohe tukua ki a ia. Kei te whakaaro tonu tųkinotanga Mental avoidable. faataa tenei e te meka e, ahakoa o te tohu o te kaha o te mahi, puritia te kaupapa ko te kaha ki te whakahaere i o ratou mahi whanonga. taea tųkinotanga Mental te faaite tuma ki te whakamahi i te tutu, meinga morare / kino rawa, me te tahi atu faaararaa e taea te mahi i tonu. Pea ano he pānga tika i runga i te kāwanatanga hinengaro i matū psychotropic, rotu, kü, me te tahi atu. Ka rite ki te whakaaro o taua mahi o tųkinotanga ki te kaha ai te hiahia te tangata ki te kino i te ngākau nuitanga tiakina e te ture. I roto i te take o avoidable (hinengaro) pānga o te kaupapa whiriwhiri i waenganui i kino whakawehi me te hunga e rapu utu i te reira ki te whakakore tuma ngā. I roto i tenei hononga, ka whakaaro mahi mā te whakamahi i ngā ture tino tika. Ka rite ki kia mahi tauira angamaheni, i roto i ngā, whakawehi ia nga mahi o te kaitātai moni e utu hoariri moni ki te patu, te kaiwhakahaere o te whakahaere pēke, e i raro i whakamamae homai te kī ki te toa, me te pera i runga i.

mōrea whaitake

Kei te whakawhanakehia he haumaru pea mo nga paanga e pa ana ki te painga kia taea ai te whakatutuki i tetahi whainga whai hua. I te wa ano, kaore he huarahi e whiwhi ai i taua hua mai i nga tikanga kore-kore, tikanga noa. Ko te whakaaro he tika te tika o te tangata ki te rapu, ki te whakamatau (hei tauira, i te tukanga o te whakahaere i te hangarau hou i roto i te hanga, te whakawhanake i te tikanga maimoatanga hou, me te pera). Kei nga taangata katoa te whai waahi ki te whakahaere rangahau. Ehara i te mea he aha nga ahuatanga nui kei roto. Koinei te take i whakamahia ai e te Code Criminal Code 1996 te ariā o te "mate whaitake". Kei te tino whakawhānuihia tona hanganga i roto i te Waehere o nāianei. Ko te puna e whakaputa ai i te tūponotanga o te whara i te whaainga tika, nga mahi a te hinonga tonu, e wehe ke ana i nga whakaritenga haumaru me te whakaaetia i te wa e whakatutukihia ai nga whaainga whaitake whai hua, mahi.

Nga tikanga mo te ture

Ka kohuatia e ratou ki te whai ake:

1. Ko te painga ki nga painga e tiakina ana e te ture ka puta mai i te whanonga a te kaiwhakatuma-paera, e whai ana kia whiwhi i te hua whai hua.
2. Kaore e taea te whakatutuki i te whaainga e whaia ana e te tangata e etahi atu, haumaru tikanga.
3. Ko nga putanga kino ka kitea he raruraru ka taea pea me te whai hua o ana mahi.
4. Ko te whanonga tangata kei runga i nga pukenga me nga matauranga o te ao, he mea tino pai tera i roto i tetahi take ki te aukati i te puta o te kino.
5. I whakahaerehia e te kaupapa nga mea e tika ana, i tona whakaaro, kia kore ai e pangia.

Te whakamahinga o te raupapa / whakahau

Hei waahi e whakakore ana i te hara o te mahi, i whakaritea tenei whanonga mo te wa tuatahi i roto i te CC inaianei. Engari, i roto i te mahi, kua tata tonu te whakaaro ki te tohu o te whanonga o nga kaimahi e mahi ana i nga whakahau me nga whakahau a o ratou rangatira. Ko tenei kaupapa e whakaarohia ana i te ao katoa. Ka toro atu ki nga raruraru katoa ina whakatutuki i nga hiahia whakahirahira i roto i tetahi peka o te mahi hapori.