Whare Admiralty, St Petersburg: hītori, whakaahuatanga

whare Petersburg Admiralty ko tetahi o nga tohu tino mōhiotia o te pa. I hanga te reira i roto i te kingitanga o Pita ahau me kua mai kua whakamahia rite te wahi o te wāhi o papa, manatü, me ētahi atu whare tūmatanui.

Ko te brainchild o Pita ahau

Ko te faufaa e tohu ana i te whare Admiralty mo te pa, miramira te meka i hanga ai tonu i muri i te taketake o te whakapaipai hou. I whai wāhi iho i te whanaketanga o ngā mahere me tuhinga o te hanga kaipuke e hiahiatia ana mō te whare me te waka waka Pita ahau. Kua te ohipa faaineineraa tika katoa kua mahi i roto i te tika i te marama torutoru, a i roto i 1705 i reira ko te whare rawa tuatahi o te Admiralty.

Nā ki te meka e i taua wa ko Russia i whawhai ki a Sweden (tae atu i te moana), i kopakia ana e pekerangi me bastions ārai whare pakihi katoa. i tika i roto i te take o te whakapaenga o Petersburg ratou, ahakoa kore i ratou whakamahia. Ko te kaipuke tuatahi, i hanga katoa i roto i te Admiralty, i whakarewahia i te 1706.

I te wa taua reira puta he tikanga (mahi minita ōrite), haepapa hoki te kaipuke Russian katoa. Mai Pita i ahau te mutunga taea ki te ite tona moe o te whakapaipai hou, ano, ko nei, te ngakau o tona pahi.

I taua wa, i roto i te tua ki whare whakahaere, noho reira te waro, awheawhe me slipways, i hanga i te marae hou. I tū Channel Admiralty haere te whare, i meinga wahi o te pūnaha kotahi o awa tāone. Ko te kupu, ko ano hoki tenei wahi he hub transportation nui.

Ship i runga i te tira

hanga te whare Admiralty tuatahi i roto i 1711, a muri iho e waru nga tau, riro reira tona koinga rongonui. I te tihi tūnga tona figurine kaipuke i hanga e te rangatira Tatimana, rongonui hoki tona aroha o te Navy. Ko to ratou wheako Pākehā, tamata Pita ki te faatupu i roto i te pa o ratou moe.

I runga i te kaipuke i runga i te Arei e tonu koi tautohetohe kairangahau me hītori rohe. ariā kotahi o tona whakapakoko kōaro reira. E rua ira rongonui o tirohanga. ta e taha e ko te tauira kaipuke te kaipuke tuatahi, i tangohia e i roto i tona tauranga o St Petersburg. Mai i te tīmatanga, i reira he nui rawa te ora, a ka riro watea Wharf kua kāinga mō kauhoe maha. E ai ki tetahi atu ariā, i tāruatia ahua o te kaipuke i te silhouette o te manuao "Eagle". Ko te manuao tuatahi o te tāruru Russian, hanga i te tikanga o te papa o Pita, Alexei Mikhailovich, i roto i nga tau 60 o te rau tau XVII.

Ko te koinga o te Admiralty ka hanga ko e rave rahi taime. I roto i enei ngā tukanga, puta ke te kaipuke. I roto i tenei take, te ahua taketake, hanga e te Tatimana i te tau o Pita ahau, i ngaro. ngā tonu te koinga ki te iwi o te pa. kua riro te reira i te tohu unofficial o St Petersburg hoki ratou. Ship Admiralty i roto i taua tūranga pai te taea whakataetae ki te parahi kaieke, drawbridges me te Pita me Paora Cathedral.

I roto i te rau tau XVIII

I roto i nga tau te roa o tona oraraa, te whare Admiralty i St. Petersburg, i hanga e rave rahi taime. I roto i 1730-doma. hanga kaihoahoa Ivan Korobov te whare kohatu hou, whakakapinga o te whare tawhitotia. I roto i tenei kaupapa tiaki te kaituhi o Pita te tahora tawhito, engari ahua ke, hoatu reira rahi.

ko tino tiketike no o ko te Admiralty i te pūtahitanga o te matua me te ara roa a'ei o te whakapaipai faufaa paruru arotau - te Nevsky Prospekt, Voznesensky Prospekt me ara Gorokhovskaya. Na ka haere mai te pera-ka karanga "ngira" - he koinga tataitia.

Neke atu i te nga tekau tau e whai ake nei, kei te pūnahanaha mahi nga rangatira o te pa i roto i hanahana me anō ngā wāhi tata ki te matatini. I roto i te hararei, ka e ratou he wahi huihuinga tūmatanui tino. I te mutunga o te kingitanga o Elizabeth i nga wiwi tino whariki i karapotia te whare. ka rongonui i roto i noho me manuhiri he rite tonu tenei huarahi hīkoi.

Whakainu i te rohe a tawhio noa mahi te Admiralty rite te tūāpapa pokapū mo te mahi Navy. Te hīkoitanga o mua teihana roto pa ia wā tanumia. A, no te timata Elizabeth ki te kawe i roto i te mahi auau i runga i horoi.

kaupapa Zakharov

I roto i te waenganui o te rau tau XVIII i hanga ai te Winter Palace. ōrite te reira i te kāhua, i muri mai i te ingoa i te Baroque Erihāpeti. Ko te Palace he tata rawa ki te Admiralty. Ratou patu dissimilarity me no ki nga taima rerekē ngāwari papai. Na reira, i roto i te timatanga o te rau tau XIX, kua whakaaro nga rangatira o te pa e rave rahi kaupapa ki te whakapai ake me te hanganga o te whare Admiralty.

I runga i te tūranga o te kaihoahoa mata i whiriwhiria Andreyan Zakharov. ka anga ia mahi i roto i te tau 1806, ka mate, a kahore he wa ki te kite i tona tamaiti. tonu tona kaupapa tauira. kihai ratou i puta ke nga kupu whakaari taketake, me te mahere Zakharov.

Ko te paruru hou o te Admiralty

E ai ki te kaupapa o te kaihoahoa i hanga reira tata katoa o te Admiralty. Mai i te whare tawhito kua noho te pourewa kua pahemo, e tauria e te koinga whakapaipai ki te te kaipuke. I wahia te reira i te pā tawhito, noho i roto i te pa mai te Northern War nui. Na koa te whakapaipai i te ora nonga, a ngaro te hiahia i roto i te bastions. I te wahi tukua puta rongonui ki te noho o St Petersburg peeraa. Na ko te iti rawa ui konei Alexander Garden.

Ko te roanga o te paruru hou i 400 mita. te rongoā hoahoa katoa whakatinana Zakharov ki tetahi anake whakaaro - ki te haapapu i te faufaa mahu'inga o te whare Admiralty i te puka o te whakapaipai. ka St. Petersburg me, a inaianei he uaua ki te whakaaro i waho te paruru rongonui o te matatini whakahaere.

hanga whakapaipai

mahi Fakafoki o te rau tau XIX kua tapiritia te ensemble o te Main Admiralty maha whakairo hou e kīnaki te whakapakoko taonga o te whare. reliefs whakapaipai, i hanga e te rangatira Russian, e whakaaturia ana ngā kōrero tawhito me te whakarite, ka rite ki te pai kia rite ki te hītori o te tāruru Russian. fakamamafa'i tenei katoa te mana emepaea rite he kaha moana nui, i ui ai te moana o te ao nei kaipuke.

I roto i te tau o te hanga (1823) hangaia e Zakharov matatini ka ona ake roto ahurei. Te nuinga o reira kei te tiaki ki tenei ra, me te i ēnei rā ko te uara nui ahurea. āhuatanga nui o te fare Admiralty ko ratou nanakia motuhake ngā ki te, marama kanapa taonga, te hanga huru maere.

kaipuke whare rangatira

Interesting kōrero Admiralty ngā wā rerekē o te whakamahi. I te tīmatanga, kia rite ki nga ako a Pita, ko te poari manuao i roto i te whare, a muri mai - i te Tāhuhu o te Navy.

He hoki te tari matua, nei te mau melo i te admirals Empire tino ui. I roto i enei taiepa, i hanga whakatau i runga i te mahana o pakanga matua i roto i te aamu o te Romanovs. Rautaki whanau a ruruku i te Admiralty, i whakamahia i roto i te whakahaeretanga o manuao i roto i te Crimean Pakanga me te Pakanga II o te Ao.

Naval Museum

whai wāhi ki etahi corps te matatini nui anake civilians. I roto i ngā, mai i te ahua o te Admiralty i reira kitea te Naval Museum. He i puritia nga urupa tino nui o te wā Petrine. Hei tauira, ko reira te kaipuke tauira, pikitia, me te reta whaiaro o te kingi tuatahi, e pā ana ki te whakatūnga o te Baltic Fleet.

I mua i 1939 tenei taonga taonga whakahaeretia e te whare Admiralty. whänui kaihoahoa Zakharov wāhi mō ngā whakaaturanga e ki nga whakatupuranga tupu katoa a tupu. I roto i te wā Stalin, oho te whare taonga ki te whare o te mua St Petersburg Stock Exchange i te pere o te moutere o Vasilevsky.

A, no te te whakamutunga o nga Romanovs

waka Construction i runga i te rohe o te Admiralty mutu i roto i te tau 1844. i oho te taputapu katoa ki Novoadmiralteyskuyu wāhi hanga. No te mea o tenei, kahore he hiahia i roto i te awa e karapoti ana i te matatini. hinga ratou moe. Na i tenei wāhi i reira ko Horseguards Boulevard.

I te tau 1863 i te ture o te emepera Alexander II, riro he hahi iti roto te matatini o te Admiralty te mana o Cathedral o te Saint Tapu Spyridon. Na ka ka whakaturia te pourewa pere. kia kitea ēnei huringa i roto i te ahua o te whare nui. kihai i rite Siu Ekalesia reliefs tohu ana atua etene - nga pūāhua o nga kōrero pūrākau tawhito.

Ētahi wa i waenganui i te minita me te Naval Tāhuhu ko te whakataetae tata. I roto i te mutunga, whakaae Alexander II ki te haere ki te taumahi hahi. Kua te whare kua tangohia o te maha whakairo me ētahi atu taonga toi. Whakangaromanga o urupa puta ahakoa whakahē kaha o kaihoahoa me toi o Petersburg.

I roto i te tau 1869, riro te Admiralty Tower ona ake waea rukea i Europe. whakairihia ia mo wha tekau nga tau, i muri i whakakapi ia e te tairitenga hiko hou i roto i te rangatiratanga o Nicholas II. kua maha Admiralty kua he wahi o te mahi o ngā mema o te whare Romanov, pera me etahi whanaunga o nga kingi riro nga rarangi rawa i roto i te Navy. Hei tauira, ko te Grand Duke Konstantin Nikolaevich i tiaki o te Naval katoa Tāhuhu i te wā i 1855 ki te 1881.

hurihuri

I muri i te Oketopa Revolution, kua whakanohoia te kāwanatanga Bolshevik i te whare Naval kura. I maoro riro te reira i te ingoa Feliksa Dzerzhinskogo. teuteu'i hoki Restaurant Engineers. I roto i tenei whakaaro, i roto i te tau 30 i roto i te Admiralty ko taiwhanga rautaki nui mo te hanga o engines mō missiles.

Aua'e, te whare e kore e tata pāngia e ngā marau hau Tiamana i roto i te whakapaenga o Leningrad. I paparuatia te koinga rongonui ki te kaipuke. ka mau te faaho'iraa mai nui whakamutunga o te whare wahi i roto i te wā Brezhnev i 1977.

I roto i te wā pou-Soviet i roto i noho o St Petersburg ko te tautohe wera e pā ana ki te heke mai o te Admiralty. I te 2013, i te pourewa ki te koinga reira ko te hahi Siu, te whakatuwheratanga o te mea i tae i runga tianara o te tāruru Russian.