Whika Historical: kaitōrangapū, kaipūtaiao, hōia

Ko te pātai e maha kaituhi miharo, philosopho, faihisitōlia, Ko wai hanga hītori? tuakiri nui - tau hītori? iwi ranei - taimaha hītori? Pea, ko te hunga me ētahi atu. Ētahi whika hītori o Russia me te ao, ki te whakahaere i te whakarau o nga mano, me mirioni o iwi, ka kia whakaahuatia i roto i te tuhinga.

Hītori me te tuakiri

Ko te kaupapa o te tūranga o te whakaaro takitahi tino kotahi i roto i te hītori o te tiaki mo te tenetere e rave rahi, i te kau i timata ki te whakawhanake i te kaupapa hītori. Ingoa o whika hītori pērā i Napoleon, Columbus, Washington, Makeronia, mohiotia huri noa te ao. ngā enei iwi i roto i te aamu rite te kaitōrangapū nui, pūtaiao, geographers, kua hanga ki te whanaketanga o te te taata te takoha nui. whakawhanakehia ratou ranei tino wahia te ariä tuku iho o te ora. Ratou hi'oraa whakaatu nga tikanga e whakaaturia ariā e tuakiri, he kaha me te tino, ko te kaha peia o hītori. He ara te tauākī o mau philosopho o te hītori - he mea noa atu atu i te whakaahuatanga o te oraraa o tuakiri nui.

tau rongonui Foreign

whika Historical o Europe - ko reira matua aua iwi i roto i kua kukū nei ringa kaha. Ko te tangata e hiahia ki te raupatu i te ao tenei. ka e taha o nga wikitoria tuatahi ao-rongonui Yuliy Tsezar. whakaahua poto ana whakatutukitanga, kia tuhia te reira he wāhi nui i roto i whakawhänui i te rohe o te Patireia o Roma (Hiha ki te käwanatanga Roma), te whakahounga manapori (hei tauira, te tautoko hoki o nga hoia tawhito, mau mai ki te mana o te iwi noa), me te te pūkenga whakahaere, hōia, me te tuhituhi.

Nui, Genghis Khan, Napoleon, Hitler - pai-mohiotia tau hītori o Europe, e rapu ki hei rangatira te ao. Kua mahue katoa o ratou i to ratou tohu i roto i te hītori o taimaha.

whika Kōhure o Russia

Ivan Grozny ko Alexander Nevsky, Pita ahau, Catherine II te nui, Nicholas ahau - te tangata, nei i te mana nui i runga i te whanaketanga o Russia. Ko ratou i roto i te mana i te mau taime o mua tino hira. whai wāhi enei a ētahi atu whika hītori faahiahia o Russia i te whawhai fakatau'atāina, awhina nga ngākau nuitanga o te whenua, hou te turanga ngā.

Ko te whika nui o Kievan Rus

He toa mo te tapatahi o te whenua Russian, ko te Siu tangata pono, he toa marohirohi Alexander Nevsky. Nevskaya whawhai i roto i nei Alexander whakamatauria ia rite he ā nui, ko te hui nui i roto i te aamu o te whenua. whakakitea ia te kaha me te maia o te iwi Russian. Alexander Nevsky (Nevsky Battle tohu) whakahaere ki te whakakotahi i te ono Novgorod me Ladoga ki pei te aroraa o te Swedes i 1240, ai tuku roha o Katorika.

Ko te kau taki o te nuu faehau Tuarua ki te wawaotanga Western i roto i nga tau o nga aue i Russia - Dmitry Pozharsky me Kuzma Minin - takaro hoki te wāhi nui i roto i te aamu i te whenua o. wewete ratou Russia i tangata ke ki te ārai i te whakangaromanga o te whenua, me te hurihanga o te keresetiano.

Ko te whika nui o te Russian Empire

E whakaaro whika tōrangapū rongonui o Russia Pita ko Catherine. Kei te matua mohiotia Pita rite te reforomatio, me te raupatu i. Ki a ia ka te Russian Empire tetahi o nga mana ārahi ao. Taitapa puta mai whānui atu ki te moana Baltic, te Pacific Ocean, te Moana o Kapiana. Domestic Politika Petra hoki hua. ke ia te ope, i hanga te kaipuke. Pita (a muri ia ia Catherine II te nui) utua aro nui ki te mātauranga o te whenua.

whai wāhi Catherine ki te whakatuwheratanga o pūtahi mātauranga, pātengi raraunga rangahau, me ngā pokapū ahurea. tonu ia te kaupapa here o Pita rite ki tūranga o Russia i te ao. ora Heoi pakeke i raro i te rangatira nui o te iwi noa, ka i whawhai pakanga, rahi nui haere takoha pōpula. E hoki ki te pātai o e hanga hītori, ka taea e koe te whakautu i ratou whika rongonui i roto i te mana, me te tuku o te tini i roto i te tikanga ki te whakatutuki i ngā whāinga ōhanga, me te tōrangapū.

whika hītori Famous o te rau tau XX

Mata e rau i roto i te aamu o nga whenua maha o te ao, te tau o te taimaha, me i te wa ano, kawea te whetu ki te atamira o te ao kaitōrangapū rongonui pērā i Lenin, Thatcher, Churchill, Stalin, Roosevelt, Hitler me etahi atu. Lenin, nei i huaina te rangatira, whakangaromia he kingitanga me hanga te āhua tuatahi i roto i te ao o te hapori. No tirohanga kotahi o tona huru me ngā mahi. He aha te mea te kino i meinga e ona mahi? O te akoranga, etahi o ana hanganga me ngā huringa pānga painga i runga i te hapori me te whenua. Ko matua tenei te haepapatanga o te kaihe wehenga o te hapori, te whakataki o te whai wāhi ao ki te mātauranga me te rongoā.

Iosif Stalin, hei tauira, kua roa kua whakaaro te whakapakoko o te taupori katoa o te Uniana. Stalin, i raro i te ture o e kua riro te whenua whakaora nui hōia, ko te tangata pakeke. Anake i muri ka timata te hinga o te fifi o te tuakiri ki te whakatuwhera i ana kōnae whai take. Iosif Stalin arahina kore te kaupapa here pakeke i whakaaro nga whakaaro o era atu iwi, whiua ratou, noho iwi fakaongosia mahere-tau e rima me te collectivisation, engari kawea te whenua ki te taumata o te superpower.

tianara Russian Kōhure

I roto i te aamu o Russia reira i tokomaha mau taime fifi - te pakanga kino, me te toto. Ko te whakarau o te whenua he maha nga wa i roto i nga ringa o nga rangatira hoia, ratou pūkenga rautaki me te kite. kōrero faahiahia o te whārangi e pā ana ki te mahi hōia A. V. Suvorova, M. I. Kutuzova, P. S. Nahimova, A. A. Brusilova, G. K. Zhukova me ētahi atu tianara me aito, ki i takoto te taupori te rangi rangimarie me te whenua - ki te riro mana.

Ko te rangatira hōia rahi whakaaro ki Suvorov A. V., nei i te Polish ngingila, Turkish, me i te mutunga o te ora, me te pakanga Itari. Tona taranata me te whakakitenga hou o te whawhai, patua ia maha pa Pākehā, me te Āhia. Ko tētahi o nga orihaere tino rongonui whakaaro Suvorov te ki kia Swiss, e, fehangahangai ki te kore o kawenga o te ope Austria, ngā āhuatanga kino, me te ati o te hoia, i taea e ki te riro i te nui atu te whakaoranga ia.

whai wāhi Kutuzov M. I. i maha ngā mahi hōia, engari kawea rongo te ao ia kupu o te ope i roto i te Pakanga Tuarua o te Ao ki a France. I muri i te whawhai kahore rawa angitu ki te ope French Kutuzov whati, engari ko tona whakaaro - ki te ruha te Wīwī, me te pei atu ki te hauauru. i muri mahere rautaki Kutuzov, a patua te kingitanga.

Personality G. K. Zhukova ko tetahi o te tautohenga tino i roto i tau hītori rongonui. Ka rite ki maha tuakiri kaha, rite Zhukov ki faaino, ki te arotake i ana mahi, ki te whakakahore ona hua. Tapitapi ore e ko te reira i te ahua o mua nui. I roto i te Tama'i II o te Ao, ka tonoa ai ki te wahi o te patunga hoariri nui. Ana tikanga o whawhai, pakeke, me te whakaaro kia mahi. Ko te wikitoria tuatahi i roto i te whawhai riro hōia i Yelnya, te wahi i whakahau ai ia Zhukov. I te tuatahi puritia reira e te mahere Marshal o whakahaere te whawhai i te Kursk matakoma, kia rite ki nei kia whai pūtake te paruru hōia, me te taui, a ka kaahu. Kua mahi tenei mahere rautaki - i patua, whakaawe te akoranga atu o te whawhai. I whakaputaina te reira i mahi o tianara ngingila, rangatira, me hoia o te itoito. kitea Zhukova G. K. e te rautaki ahurei, whakarongo ki nga hoia, ngā whakaritenga motuhake mō te maramarama, whawhai whakamahere tupato.

kaipūtaiao Russian Kōhure

Ko te tino pai-mohiotia tau tōrangapū Russian whakaahuatia ana i runga. Heoi, e kore e anake nga kaitōrangapū pūmanawa me diplomats whenua Russian taonga. Ko te iwi e hanga te whenua neke whakamua i roto i te pūtaiao - he pūtaiao. Ko nga hua o te mahi hinengaro pūtaiao Russian i roto i nga whenua maha o te ao. hanga PN Yablochkov te umanga marama, V. K. Zvorykin - irahiko karu, me te whakaritea he pouaka whakaata, kua hangaia SP Korolev tuatahi ballistic pere, waka ātea a te ao, me te pee'utari whenua tāwhaiwhai tuatahi.

hanga te aronga pūtaiao katoa i A. P. Vinogradovym - tenei kanoirite geochemistry. mahi ia mo te pai o te whenua I. V. Kurchatov, ki te hanga i te tuatahi whakato mana karihi. hanga ana kapa te poma ngota.

Ka taea hoki e koe te mōhio i te mahi o pūtaiao rongonui me rata. MA Novinsky ko te kaiwhakarewa o matepukupuku whakamātautau. S. S. Yudin tuatahi ki te korero e pā ana ki te taea o te toto huhu iwi ohorere mate. ka SS Bryukhonenko te kaihanga o te taputapu o te tohanga horihori. i tino anatomist Russian NI Pirogov te mahere tuatahi o te anatomy, te tuatahi i roto i te whenua ki te tono rehunga.

toi nui

huri Culture ki te tangata, na, o te akoranga, e hoki māngai o te mātauranga kaihanga o hītori. He honore, me te whakaute whakamahia e te toi Russian, kaituhi, kaitito, kaitoi, filmmakers, me ētahi atu tohunga toi. O toi Me tuhia geniuses o iconography Russian: Andrei Rublev, Feofana Greka ko Rionaihia. He nui, me te pono Images o ratou mahi. kaipeita whenua pūmanawa ko ahau K. Ayvazovsky, I. I. Shishkin, A. K. Savrasov. Ko nga portraitists nui: S. S. Schukin, VA Tropinin, A. Bryullov, V. A. Serov me ētahi atu.

e pā ana Hanganga o Russian, me te ao ori te ki nga ingoa o tuhipoka nui Russian: O. A. Spesivtsevoy, G. S. Ulanovoy, A. P. Pavlovoy, M. M. Plisetskoy. E hono ana ratou taitahi katoa i roto i te hītori o te ahurea Russian.

Ko te mahi o kaituhi Russian hopu iwi i katoa i runga i te ao. Masterpieces o A. S. Pushkina, F. M. Dostoevskogo, N. V. Gogolya, L. N. Tolstogo, M. A. Bulgakova me ētahi atu hit kāhua ahurei, mau peu, me te mărû e, whakaaro, pūāhua, me te kaupapa pono o te ora.