Ahumahi Coal - raruraru me opuaraa

He wāhanga tino nui o te ōhanga o te ao, ko tona wahie, me te pūngao matatini. Ko te wahi o ngā hua pūngao i roto i te GDP ao ko i te iti rawa 10%. Ko te tere o tona kohi te whakanui ake i nga tau, i roto i te rahi ki te tupu o te ao hua kerekere. He puna nui o te pūngao i roto i to tatou wa he hau, hinu, waro, te hinu tokauku me te konukarihi. Oil me te hau tākaro ano he wāhi nui, engari āta e ratou rahui iti, a ka wahi i roto i te waenganui o tenei rau tau e pau. I te wa ano, ka muri rāhui waro tetahi 200 tau, ara ki te hanga tino kaha.

Na reira, kei te nui noa atu te rongonui hoko i te ahumahi waro ao. Na whakaputaina e pā ana ki 44% o te hiko e tipu mana waiariki te whakamahi i waro. Ano, he mea mahuinga ia i roto i te metallurgy i tango, o konganuku ferrous. E hāngai te nuinga o te putunga waro i roto i te rohe Ahia-Kiwa, Amerika Te Tai Tokerau me te whenua Kihi. Hei tauira, kua iwa ngā wāhanga o rāhui waro, ko Russia China - te tuaono. I roto i te Katatānga, hāngai reira 3.6% o te katoa rāhui ao.

Ārahi ki täwahi, waro he whenua pērā i USA, Ahitereiria, Awherika ki te Tonga, Venezuela ko Colombia. Hoki, ngā enei te Canada, Indonesia, Poland, China ko Russia. Te ahumahi waro i roto i enei whenua whakarato tono ao mō te waro i te 90%. Na nga ngā kaiwhakauru matua o tenei hua ko etahi whenua Āhia, pērā i Japan, Taiwan ko South Korea, me te nuinga o nga whenua o Western Europe.

ahumahi waro Russian - he 193,3 piriona toni o rāhui waro kï. I roto i tenei ahua, putunga o kerekere, lignite, waro, me te waro coking. I reira, keri waro i roto i te 16 peihana waro, e hipokina 85 hinonga terenga o te Russian Federation. I roto i tenei take, 58 municipalities he rohe waro-keri katoa e hanga e huri noa i te umanga waro.

Na te ahumahi waro o te Russian Federation - ko te maina 85 e homai tau ki te mata e pā ana ki 383 miriona toni o waro. Hei tauira, whakaputaina 336 miriona toni o waro i roto i te 2011 i enei maina, i te mea te teitei mai i te parariraa o te USSR. Ko tēnei wā te nui rawa peihana waro-keri te takotoranga wai Kuznetsk. Ko, motu ke i te Kuzbass, i reira e rave rahi putunga te fafau i roto i Russia. tapahia te reira i te Far Te Tai Rāwhiti, Eastern Siberia me te takotoranga wai Kansk-Achinsk. Ka whakanui i te whanaketanga o enei mara te hanga o te waro Russian.

Otiia i te wa ano, i te ahumahi waro ko te raruraru ahumahi. Ko te raruraru matua ngā ona injuries i roto i te wāhi mahi. Ko e tika ana ki te meka i te tahi mau whenua noho te moni iti ki te tautoko i tenei ahumahi tenei. Ka rite ki te hua, i reira ko te kaimahi o moni mo te tiaki o te mahi, a ka arata'i tenei ki whara me matenga o kaikeri. "Leader" i roto i tenei horopaki e pera whenua rite Russia me China. I roto i nga maina o enei whenua e mate nga rau tau, me te ara mano o te iwi.

Ahakoa i roto i keri waro me te tukatuka kia meinga kino nui ki te taiao. Kei te whai pānga te reira i matua ki te tukunga tamau o te mewaro i roto i roto i maina, ariā o te whenua. Hoki e kore te mea taiao tukatuka o waro tukanga hoa. Hei tauira, i roto i te faaineineraa o te waro Coke he wera ki te tetahi pāmahana. Ka rite ki te hua, tuku hoki reira hauhā me ētahi atu pūhui kino, a i roto i te nui. whai wāhi katoa o enei pollutants ki te pānga kōtuhi.

Ko, ahakoa te meka e nga āhuatanga o te ahumahi waro hipokina te rota o raruraru, te ahumahi i roto i te ao nei, ko tonu tenei ra kotahi o te nui tino. Coal Ko inaianei tetahi o nga puna pūngao matua, pera ka rato ona rāhui mō ngā tau e maha. I tua atu, i te utu mo taua mea pūmau, me te nui raro atu i nga utu o ona whakakapi tika. Hei tauira, te whakamahi o te hinu wahie i tipu te mana waiariki utu 1.5 atu te utu atu i te whakamahi o te waro. A, ki te i roto i te heke mai tata kore e e taukei puna hou o te pūngao, i te 2030 waro ka waiho te puna matua o te pūngao.