Andzhey Vayda me ana kiriata ngingila. Haurongo me photo o kaiwhakahaere

Ia - tetahi o nga filmmakers tino rongonui, me te nui i roto i Eastern Europe kore anake, engari ano hoki i roto i te ao katoa. Ia - kaiwhakahaere whakaari, screenwriter me te kaiwhakahaere. Hoki te takoha nui ki pikitia ao, i whakahonoretia e ia ki te hei i te toa o te hōnore "Oscar" me maha ngā tohu te ao, me te taonga. Hoki i nga 50s o te rau tau rua tekau, ia i roto i te wa poto whakahaere ki te riro pono i roto i te kiriata, ka meinga e ia tetahi o nga kau taki o te kura Polish hou, a ka tonu kia ki tenei ra, ahakoa te tau kaua matatau. Ia - he nui Andzhey Vayda, te tangata nei ke te outlook i runga i te pikitia.

kōhungahunga Masters

whanau te kingi o Cinematography heke mai i Maehe 6, 1926. ka mau tenei hui wahi i roto i te raki o Poland, i te pa o Suwalki. Ko reira i roto i ēnei wāhanga i te wā kei wae hōia i, i reira mahi tona papa, Jakub. Ko ia he rangatira i roto i te pū hoiho, rangatira o te ropu 41. Mama, Aniela, mahi orometua haapii.

I roto i te pia ma - thirties wawe i roto i enei wahi haere te rohe ki te rawhiti o Poland, me ngā waeine whare. i ora ai te utuafare o Wajda i te pa, i whakaritea ra ano toku papa ki tetahi atu pa porowini o Radom, i ko ki te tonga, me te tata ki Warsaw.

Ko tētahi o ongo o te tamaiti a te tamariki ko te hōia karakia mahi, taki, ngā whakaaturanga, me te ara tangihanga nui. I muri mai, i roto i te 1939, i te ara pa arahina tika ki te mua, i raro i nga tāke hoariri. Ko reira kore he tikanga, engari te reni i rotopu i te ora me te mate.

Ko te mate tuatahi

I roto i te Mahuru 1939, haere hōia Soviet i roto i Eastern Poland. ko Matua Andrzej i te whakarau Soviet. I te tahi atu herehere o ana rangatira Polish herehere i roto i te puni, ka koperea i Katyn. I muri, te mamae, me te mau haamana'oraa o te whawhai, i haere i te kaupapa whero i roto i te mahi katoa o te kaiwhakahaere. I roto i ana kowaiwai e kore Wajda e kōrero e pā ana ki tona mua, ahakoa i roto i tona kaiwhakahaere taitamarikitanga i hono i roto i te ngangaretanga Warsaw. Ka korero ia i te tino atu iwi - he rangatira rūtene o Zadar, he signaller Daisy, nga toa o te kiriata "Canal" - e pā ana ki te iwi e rite i roto i te kiriata, a kua kite anake i te torutoru haora o te ra i roto i te ora tūturu ...

Mai i te kura ki te mahi

I te tau 1939 ka whakanuia Andzhey Vayda tona tau 13. Ko te ra whakamutunga o te whanautanga, tona papa i reira. E ono marama i muri mai, kua riro ia. haere a Anaru ki te kōeke 8, engari ki te pakarutanga o te Pakanga Tuarua o te Ao, i ia ki te whakamutu kura. Ki te karo i taka ki te rōpū o takatu nei e panaia tonoa ki te German Laisi, riro te tamaiti he mahi. puta ke ia he rota o ngaio: ko ia he longshoreman, he akonga o Cooper, he whakaīngoatia, he kaipeita, he kaihokohoko i roto i ngā awheawhe Tiamana. Ahakoa i āwhina kaipeita haereere ki te whakahoki i te frescoes i roto i te hahi. I roto i te mahi o taitama Andzhey Vayda o ratou whenua e kore i whai wāhi i roto i te whawhai, engari ko te mema o raro te ropu Army Home, a tae noa ka mau te oati.

Me pēhea te ki te whiriwhiri i te ara tika i roto i te ora?

Te āwhina kaipeita huarahi haereere i roto i te faaho'iraa mai o te frescoes i te hahi, i tino tīmata te taata peita. Ko te kupu ko te whanautanga o te moe o te riroraa te artist. Ko tenei moe, a ka kua whai wāhi ki te meka e i muri i te whawhai, i te tau 1946, ka tomo Andzhey Vayda te Krakow Academy o Fine Arts. Otiia ako ia i reira mō ngā tau e toru anake. nekehanga kaiwhakahaere Future i roto i te kura Lodz o pikitia i roto i te tari aratai. Heoi, ki te peita e kore ia e wehea, ka tonu ki te whai wāhi i roto i ngā whakaaturanga maha.

I whakaae Andzhey Vayda e i tenei wāhi i roto i te wa i te kiriata tika - te reira te ahua o te toi, i maitai whakaata te wā pou-whawhai, ka ko ora katoa i runga i te mata o te whawhai me te rangimarie. Na whakapono iwi katoa e taea e tenei kiriata e te tahi mea atu nui atu i te whakangahau mua; e taea te huri i te reira i te mahara tangata.

"Te Kura Polish hou"

Wajda whakaaro ngā e te tahi atu mau taata taitamariki pūmanawa nei ako ki a ia i roto i te kura kiriata - kiriata kaiwhakahaere Ezhi Kavalerovich, Andzhey Munk, Voytseh I. Ko reira ki a ratou ka rite ki te rōpū Wajda hanga he au hou i roto i te kiriata, i huaina nei ko te "kura Polish hou". A iti i muri mai ko reira ia te tangata e arahina te au hou, me te te hoko i tetahi o nga kaiwhakahaere ārahi i roto i Poland.

ara auaha

I tonu te ākonga, mahi Andzhey Vayda, nga kiriata pai e mohio te nuinga tona taranata o faahinaaro, hei kaiāwhina, me te rite te kaiwhakahaere kaiāwhina. Ko reira te rua o nga kaiwhakahaere Wajda Alexander Ford, ka hoatu e ia he pikitia o "rima i roto i te huarahi i te Pae." I roto i te kiriata "toru kōrero" ko Wajda tahi-kaituhi.

I roto i whakangungu i taea ki te tango i te kiriata poto tuatahi, "ka moe koe" me te "Boy kino" e Chekhov me te pakipūmeka te kaiwhakahaere taitamariki "Ilzhetskaya okouku." whakapono pono ia e taea pikitia huri i te ao, me te hinengaro o te iwi. ka anga wāhi kaha i roto i te ariā o te arata'iraa kiriata Wajda. Kua awhinatia ana tuhinga ki te whakatuwhera huarahi hou i roto i te whanaketanga o te Cinematography Polish.

āhukahuka International o te kaiwhakahaere

I roto i nga mahi o Andzheya Vaydy kiriata i te whānui o rongoā stylistic whānui: tenei ruma whakaari hinengaro me whakarite mohio, kupu whakarite, ka tū mārō pāpori peita hītori.

Tona kiriata tuatahi āhuatanga "Whakaaetanga", kiriata i 1954, ko te ohorere ahuareka mo te whakarongo me fakaanga he rite. ko ia e rua tangata, me te ngaio. Na i roto i te tonu, te kaiwhakahaere taitamariki, e tika tahuri noa 26 tau, ka te whakapakoko o te whakatupuranga, i ngingio te kino o te whawhai. ko tetahi o tona wikitoria te kiriata "Canal", kiriata e rua tau i muri mai. riro tenei kiriata te "manga nikau hiriwa" i roto i te Cannes. taranata o Wajda kua meinga nei e mohiotia i roto i Europe.

Tētahi atu kiriata, te whakamutunga i roto i te raupapa e pā ana ki te whawhai i tangohia e Vayda Andzhey - "pungarehu, me Taimana". Ko te rīpene, i riro te utu Venice, whakaaro tetahi o te pai, "puta i te pene o" kaiwhakahaere. Kua roa te reira i te wāhi o te moni koura pikitia ao, mau tomo te runga tekau kiriata.

Ko anake i roto i te 2007, i muri i te tekau tau e rave rahi, he kaiwhakahaere nui, i te pae hopea e taea ki te paku ara te arai i runga i te wahi pātea i roto i te aamu o tona whenua taketake - te ati Katyn. I tua atu, he āwangawanga tika me tenei mamae ia. hoki Andzheya Vaydy Katyn ko tona pouri nui, i kawea e ia i roto i tona ora katoa.

I roto i tenei kiriata, ka mea te kaiwhakahaere e pā ana ki te whakarau o te tangata i roto i te mau mana'o o te wahine - ratou pono, te hepohepo, te mauiui, me te mamae.

tītohunga Wajda

e kore kua Andrzej Wajda ngā te kupu authorial tika. e kore e ratou i te-tangata tuatahi, kahore he "ahau" ranei te phonogram ranei i roto i te anga. whatumanawa katoa ka korerotia e ia te whakarongo i roto i te mau aamu ora rerekē o te tahi atu mau taata. I roto i ia o tona pikitia e kawea mai ngā wheako katoa tangata rite te kōrero whāinga. ngā Wajda ki kaipūrongo e i titoa e ia tetahi mea i roto i ana i tuhituhi ai, no te mea he tona kiriata katoa te wahi o tona ora. Pihi ia katoa - ko tona koioranga, tona ara tenei. Ko te āhuatanga o te kaiwhakahaere maramarama tenei, pikitia o tona kaituhi - he tino tūmataiti auaha, tata hono ki te ora.

A, no te haere Wajda ki kopere i te kiriata "Hamahona" i roto i te 1961, hi'opo'ahia te te tūranga wahine matua e rua rau nga kotiro. Ka rite ki te hua, i whakaritea e te reira i taua kiriata e Tyszkiewicz. Heoi tutaki te kaiwhakahaere tana wahine tuatoru he kaha'ú. Tae noa taua ra, ka tomo ia ki te marena, rua, tamariki pono kihai i ia. Na whanau Beata Tyszkiewicz ia he tamahine, Carolina. Mana, rēhita te rua ratou hononga i muri i te whanautanga o tana tamahine.

Ko ratou i roto i London, no ka tae rongo o te mate fakamamahi o ratou hoa tahi Zbigneva Tsybulskogo. fokotu'u Beata ki tana tane ki te tango i te rīpene, whakatapua ki Zbigniew. whakahaua Andzhey Vayda te kiriata "Women o Day" i roto i te 1968. Kia aroha mai, hohoro i te University o Warsaw, tika te 8 o Maehe, i reira nga whakararuraru, whara ākonga wahine. i ki kia puta ke taitara o te kiriata. I tenei wa i tuhituhi Beata Tyszkiewicz te pukapuka "katoa mo te Sale". te whakaaro ia tana tane ki te mahi. Ko te kiriata, ko te angitu tangi tiori, ka whawhati ake te whānau.

Masters o auahatanga

tamata te kaiwhakahaere ki te whakamahi i tana kaha i roto i te momo o ngā momo. He whānui Andzheya Vaydy filmography. koperea ana e ia te pukuhohe me te whakaari hōia, ara he pikitia o te mahi o kaituhi rongonui. Neke atu i te wa, kua meinga tona mahi āhua tōrangapū.

I roto i te kiriata "tangata o Marble" whakahē ia nuitia tukua te pūnaha rōpū-kāwanatanga, me muri i te ia ka mea i tautoko ia i te kaupapa e fakafepaki i Poland. I roto i te Wajda i kaha rawa tūranga tivira, kia taea te aifaito i te reira ki te whika tūmatanui o te whenua. Ko te mahi ngalongataa o Andrzej i āwhina te amo ki te titiro i te parau mau i te tahi atu taha. ka tona mahi he tohu o te kotahitanga motu.

kua nui te mahi i te kaiwhakahaere, me te ki waho: kiriata ia "Lady Macbeth Mtsensokgo County" Leskov, tū ia te whakaari "Crime me rapu" e Dostoevsky. E ai ki te hua Bulgakov i TV German Andzhey Vayda shooting "te Ariki, me te Margarita." ngā whakaari, i whakatakotoria ai ia, haere ana ki nga scenes o Amerika me Europe.

Kua nekehia atu hoki tona ara roa i roto i te mahi o te kaiwhakahaere Andzhey Vayda neke atu i te 60 peita a whakanohoia he rota o ngā tapere. Ana kiriata i te utu. I te 2002, i whakawhiwhia ia tetahi o tohu tino rongonui o te pikitia - hōnore "Oscar".