Car "Horch": te hītori o te pai-mohiotia waitohu

Ko te maha-faceted, hītori rahi o te tohu motokā rongonui "Horch" he ona pakiaka i roto i te rau tau 19. Whiringa 14, 1899 te mataaro pūkaha pūmanawa Tiamana August Horch whakaturia i roto i Cologne ake kamupene ki te whakaputa i waka Horch & Cie. Motorwagen Werke. He tau i muri mai, ka kite i te ao te motokā tuatahi waitohu "Horch", ngā innovations hoahoa. I muri, ko August Horch tetahi o te tuatahi ki te riro kaihoahoa motokā rongonui i roto i te ao.

August Horch

Future mataaro pūkaha pūmanawa me te kaipakihi angitu whanau i runga i Oketopa 12, 1868 i roto i te pa o Winningen, i te hapu o te parakimete. kihai i taea e Family August Horch whakamanamana o taonga, engari no te mea i ia ki te mahi ki hoki 13 nga tau. Whakakapi etahi mahi, e kore e whai take, me te totohe Horch i faauruhia e tetahi o ratou, me i roto i 1888 faaoti ki te tomo i te Saxon Engineering College. Kapeneheihanatia mo te kore o te matauranga, kua pai puta iwi taitamariki tamau i te kura, a kitea te mahi tuatahi i te faaiopoiporaa, a ka i roto i te tari hoahoa o te kamupene pahi, te wahi tuatahi tūpono ia te pūkaha ngingiha ā-.

ke tino tona ora i muri i 1896, ka ia ki runga ki te racing motopaika. I te wa ko tenei waka, he merekara o te hangarau. Horch maha ui nga rehe o huira me i te ahiahi faaoti ahau ki te tuhituhi i te pukapuka ki ngā mōhiohio e pā ana ki koe, me te tono mō te mahi i roto i te u Benz. e August te kore e tatari mo te whakahoki tere, ko ahau maite miharo ina hohoro ahau riro te rongo i i whāngai ia, a me tonu whiwhi ki te mahi. whakaritea Horch-tau 27-tau i tino kaiāwhina i roto i te tari pūkaha, engari wha marama i muri mai, uaua tika, i hoatu i roto i te tiaki o te hanga o te waka.

taketake

Karl Benz i momo rawa hoki te taitamariki hao Tiamana, a i roto i 1899 Ākuhata Horch ki te tautoko pūtea o te kaihokohoko taonga i roto i te wahi o waho ake o Cologne Ehrenfeld whakatuwheratia u Horch & Cie. Motorwagen Werke. I te tuatahi, he kamupene iti ki te tokotoko o 11 iwi mahi anake i roto i te hanga atu waka. Otiia whakaturia he tau i muri i te kamupene i reira ko he motokā tuatahi "Horch" pūkaha rua-rango ki te kaha o te 5 rita. he. hoatu te hītori o te ingoa ko Horch. Kua kōrero te pēhi i te motokā hou, ka tukua te kamupene te tauira tuarua - te motokā Tiamana tuatahi ki te driveline.

Ko te waka tuatahi

Ko te tuatahi e rua Horch tauira whakaputaina tae noa ki 1901 i 5 me te 10 rita. he. i rite rawa ēnei waka ki engine e rua-puoto tūnga i te mua. I roto i te tauira tuatahi (4-15 PS) pei ki nga wira puku muri kawea e te tuku whitiki. I roto i te tauira tuarua (10-16 PS) mo te wa tuatahi i roto i Germany peia e tikanga o te driveline. Ko te painga hanganga matua o te waka tuatahi "Horch" ko te tōnā, kei roto i te poraka kotahi ki te whakawhiti matua. I aua ra ko reira he whakatau orurehau.

i tuwhera motokā Body, mahi Karetnaya awheawhe. I marama roherohe rama. I roto i te rerekē ki te waka kaha o nga tau i muri mai, e papaki ana i taea e te Horch tuatahi tae te tere mōrahi o te 32 km / h. Otiia, ko reira he take nui i te wa. I waka e whakamahia ana te waku mamau. Ko te tuatahi "Horch" (te motokā) whakaahua, kei raro nei whakaatu.

Ko te ara ki te angitu

Mai i kiritaki i runga i te motokā hou, "Horch" ki te kaha pūkaha o 10-12 rita. he. a reira ko pouaka puku kahore tuku. Kua tupu te kaimahi ki te iwa tekau iwi. Hoki te mataaro pūkaha pūmanawa i unu Frits Zaydel runga i te pūkaha. I roto i te wahi o mua o te kamupene i haere mai te reira ki kia, a i roto i 1902 ka oho te hanga ki Reichenbach, a e rua nga tau i muri mai i roto i Zwickau (Saxony), te wahi i puta ke te kamupene ki te kamupene kararehe tahi ki te mīharo i te wa he whakapaipai rēhita o 140,000 tohu.

Ko te tauira tuatahi, tukua he hanga hou ngā he maha nui o innovations hoahoa. tāuta te reira i te tōnā hou, mahi muhu, me i nihowhiti maitai nui-Konqueror-nika. tikanga te mamau te waenganui i te tuku me te pūkaha. Taipana ki te auri puku muri tuku e tikanga o te driveline. I roto i 1906, i te motokā "Horch" mo te wa tuatahi i riro te iwi motokā, i kawea mai te kamupene noa atu rongonui me te ake whakahau. I roto i te taua tau tauira hou timata Horch ki whakaatu i roto i Berlin, me te Paris Motor Whakaatu. He tau i muri mai i te aroaro te tauira papai ki te ono-puoto kaha vosmilitrovym pūkaha o 60 rita. hēk., ko te rangatira tuatahi o e te ariki nui o te Indonesian motu o Java.

E wha nga mowhiti - wha waitohu

Innovation me te rapu tonu mō rongoā hou i roto i te mahanga motokā August Horch hiahiatia tamau werohanga pūtea. e kore tenei pai te kaipupuri hea, ka arahina ki te mвrфraa tamau. whakapono wāhi i roto i reihi i te pānuitanga pai mo te waitohu Horch. Motokā kamupene ka kaiuru auau o te whakataetae, maha noho te kaihoahoa ia i muri i te wira.

reiti o te ao titau haumi tamau me te tupu. Na, i roto i 1906, i te kamupene whakarewa he tauira ZD hou. German motokā "Horch ZD" ki engine 5.8-rita, me te tinana hākinakina ono tekau i rawa huihui ki whai wāhi i roto i te iwi whaimana Henry o mua. Kua arahina mahi tutuki i roto i te whakataetae ki te whakahōhā o nga whanaunga kua uaua ki ngā kaipupuri, i wenewene te hoko o te tauira o mua Horch Z. paopao Designer pakeke tetahi ngāwari whakaarohia, tino tiakina ratou mata o te tirohanga. Ka rite ki te hua, i roto i te raumati o 1909, i raro i te pēhanga i hea i mahue Horch te kamupene i whakaturia e ia, engari he marama i muri mai i roto i te taua Zwickau rēhita reira he kamupene hou August Horch Automobilwerke GmbH.

E rua ngā umanga ki te ingoa tata ōrite, me te ngā i runga i te huarahi kotahi whakapataritari nga rangatira o te kamupene o mua. I muri i te tamataraa e ngaro Horch, i reira ko he pātai e pā ana ki te ingoa hou. I roto i disskusii e pā ana ki tenei i roto i te whare o te tama a tona hoa o te rangatira, e kua ako Latin, tika whakamaoritia Horch i German ki Latin. Ko te kupu ka haere mai te ingoa o Audi, a muri mai - me te kamupene Audi Automobilwerke GmbH.

Familiar tenei ra puta wha mowhiti Audi nui i muri. I raro i te mana o te pae faarava'iraa o te wawe 30-doma o nga kamupene e wha faaoti ki uru atu te rōpū taua Auto Union AG. Ko te rōpū ngā Horch, Audi, Wanderer ko DKW. Ko te taipe o te mowhiti e wha tohu te uniana o enei kamupene wha, a kia kia hakari i runga i waka katoa o te āwangawanga. Horch ko Audi hanga cars papai, Wanderer - te piha haapiiraa waenganui, DKW - pūtea me te ōhanga cars. He ko he pōhēhē e te motokā "Horch" - ko te taua rite te Audi, whakaingoatia noa ki te wā. Ko te meka ko e ia i muri i te mutu e toru i roto i o wha māngai o te rōpū ki te tīariari. He ko anake Audi, kua riro nei i te tohu.

Te nuinga o ngā tauira rongonui

Ko te tauira tino rongonui, "Horch" e whakaaro ki te hei waka ki engines wha-rango, te kaha pūkaha toharite. Ko te rōrahi o hoko o waka ki engines o displacement nui (hākinakina, te whakangahau) i iti tonu hoki te maha o ngā take. Okotahi i tauira whakaputaina i 1937 ki te 1940 (851/853 / 853A / 855/951 / 951A). kanohi rawa totoka enei o te mīhini mahara rite te tohu o te waitohu, "Horch". Car (whakaahua 1939 kei raro io reira) titiro nui.

I tua atu ki te take o te waka harangotengote, he wheako nui i roto i te hanga o ngā waka hōia Horch u. Ko tētahi o te rongonui tino ko te toharite waka-whakaaro maha "Horch 901" nga whenua. I whakaputaina tēnei motokā i 1937 ki te tau 1940 mo te hōtaka ki te pīkau i te waka puku Wehrmacht Army-wira o ngā momo e toru: marama, reo, me te taimaha.

kamupene ahiahi he vahaataimi

Mai i te waenganui 30-doma o te whakahaere o te kamupene August Horch i ōkawa. Ia piki rave i roto i ngā mahi pāpori, puritia e ia he maha o ngā tūranga matua. I muri i te whawhai, noho te pa o Zwickau i runga i te rohe te mana e te Soviet Union. nationalized Kamupene i a meinga wahi o te IFA, ahakoa kua whakaputaina etahi wa waka i raro i te Horch waitohu, hei tauira, tauira 930S māngai.

cars Horch i roto i te raupapa wā

Ka taea te kite lineup cars haukāinga, i roto i te ripanga i raro nei i runga i te tau.

Na e matau ana koutou ki te hītori o enei mihini mīharo me ratou kaihanga pūmanawa.