Cycle Carnot - pūrere ariā turanga me o engines ngingiha ā-katoa

I roto i ngā tukanga huri taiāwhio katoa thermodynamic o ngā tono ariā, me te mahi o te huringa Carnot. kei te maha i te reira ki rite unbeatable, nui, tino tika, a na i runga i. d. He rota e mea ia ki te hei te tahi mea ngaro, me te hano. Heoi, ki te he te reira pono ki te waiho i te nako katoa, ka whakatuwhera tonu te tapatahi katoa, ataahua me te poto o tenei tenenga, i kitea e te kaipūtaiao French me kaipūkaha Sadi Carnot. A riro te reira mārama e kahore he mea faahiahia i roto i te tukanga whakaarohia e ratou, engari i reira he anake te whakamahi tino pai o etahi ture o te natura.

Na te mea tino ko te huringa Carnot pai-mohiotia, me te ngaro? Ka taea te tautuhi te reira rite tukanga Manatü-pateko e hāngai ana i runga i te whakaiti o te pūnaha thermodynamic i roto i te whakapā waiariki ki te rua o thermostats tāke he uara pāmahana taimau, me te pūmau. Kei te riro te reira e teitei ake i te tuarua (pouaka) te pāmahana tuatahi (whakawera). huringa Carnot Ko te pūnaha thermodynamic e te tuatahi, te tīmatanga he tetahi uara waiariki, mai ki whakapā ki te whakamahana. Na, i te whakaiti pēhanga ore puhoi reira i huaina toronga quasistatic, aru e tarahu i te whakamahana me te wera ātete ki te pēhanga o waho.

I muri iho, e taratahi te pūnaha, e ano faatupu te reira quasistatic i roha adiabatic tae noa tae tona pāmahana tawhā rite te pouaka. I roto i tenei momo o te pūnaha roha thermodynamic i mahi hoki i te tetahi ātete mahi ki te pēhanga o waho. I roto i tenei ahua, ko te pūnaha, me te kawea ki roto ki te whakapā ki te condenser, ai na tonu te whakanui ake i te pēhanga e kōpeke reira ki runga ki te wāhi, kia e na te ki tonu e tuku he awa wera tuarua, tono i te whakamahana. Carnot Cycle ahurei i roto i taua e kore te mea tahi e tetahi mate wera. Takahi, kia kia huaina he kaupapa taua mīhini nekehanga mau tonu. Ko tenei no te mea tonu ka waiho i te taea teitei te tōtika waiariki o te huringa Carnot, e tei anake i runga i te rua pāmahana tank. Heoi, na tae noa kua whakahaere kahore tetahi ki te waihanga i tētahi mīhini, waiariki tōtika nei e nui toru tekau ōrau o te tukanga whakaaetia huritaiāwhio Sadi Carnot.

A huaina tenei tukanga ko pai no te mea he reira nui, pai atu i te tahi atu huringa Ko te ahei o te tahuri wera ki te mahi whai hua. I te tahi atu te ringa, e tika ana ki te mau fifi i roto i te whakarite, me te whakahaere i te tukanga isothermal, he tino uaua i roto i engines tūturu tona tono. Hoki mōrahi tōtika whakawhiti wera o te mīhini taua me tino taratahi i te taiao o waho, i roto i te vairaa mau, ko te tata e taea.

Reverse huringa Carnot ko te pūtake o te mahi o te parau tumu papu wera, e, pērā i te mīhini refrigerating me i tetahi pūngao ahanoa wera taea te hoatu atu, pērā i te pūnaha whakawera. tangohia etahi o te wera i te taiao o waho, he pāmahana raro, tukua te hautanga o te pūngao e hiahiatia ana toe kei roto i te mahi o te mahi aunoa, pērā i te compressor.