Diphtheria - he aha te mea te reira? Take, tohu, te ārai

Ko tētahi o nga mate hopuhopu tino nui - te diphtheria reira. He aha te mea te reira, kua mohiotia ai ki he tokomaha. Tenei mate, e pā e rua ngā pakeke me ngā tamariki, ko reira uaua e kore hamani anake, engari ano hoki ki te tātari. hiahiatia Vaccination ki diphtheria te me te ngā i roto i te hōtaka kano.

I muri i whakapā o huakita motuhake i roto i te tinana tangata i te whanaketanga ohorere o te mate. Ko diphtheria whakapeka, me te titau maimoatanga tonu, te kore i reira kia kia pōauautanga nui.

Diphtheria. He aha te mea te reira me te mea te mea te mate kino?

I roto i tenei mate pānga te kiriuhi mucous o te awa ihu me te pū māngai. I tua atu, te whakawhanake haurangi whānui, pānga te pūnaha io, me te Cardiovascular. tahi mumura e te ahua o kiriata pūtōtepe, haamana'oraa o pāti ma. Ka taea e diphtheria e mārire i roto i te natura, i waho te haurangi whakahuatia.

Ko te ati ko e taea tenei mate whakawhanake paeoro asphyxia, pāpāngia romahā, myocarditis ma'i ranei whakapeka iti hoki adrenal, e tika ana ki te mate. I roto i te mate pērā i diphtheria werohanga ko te tikanga pai o te ārai, e ārai mate iho ki te kahore, ka i te iti rawa ona pōauautanga.

take

Ko te tukumate - Bacillus Leffler, i te mea rawa ātete ki awe waho. I raro i ngā āhuatanga paerewa, te tiaki pūmautanga te hoki e rua wiki i roto i te te wai te waiu ranei - e toru wiki i pāmahana iti - e pā ana ki e rima marama. I roto i kohua tukatuka māota tukumate ranei mate i roto i te meneti kotahi.

Ka taea te huaketo e rūrūtia mahino i te manawanui tangata ranei i te huakita diphtheria kawe hauora. I muri i te whakapā atu ki te kiriuhi mucous puta diphtheria nasopharyngeal Bacillus uira whakatö. tuku tenei exotoxin e whakanoho i roto i te toto, whakapataritari kino ki te uaua ngakau, adrenal, tākihi me te pūnaha io piringa. Te manawanui he kirika, a puritia roa. I te tahi taime puta te mate i roto i ngā tūemi whare, kai.

Susceptibility ki te tukumate o te mate, ko te tiketike rawa. Ko te take hoki tenei ko te ngaro o te werohanga, he pūnaha ārai mate ngoikore, te vairaa papû o te diphtheria Bacillus ki awe waho.

Types me te akoranga

Ka rerekē i runga i te wāhi, tutaki diphtheria pū māngai, wahi romahā, ihu. I roto i te wā onge, te kanohi kua pā, whekau sex, te kiri. Ki te patua e te maha tinana i te wa ano, ka huaina ngā tenei ahua o te mate.

Ko te puka tino noa o te mate, ko te diphtheria pū māngai (e pā ana ki 95% o te wā). I te tīmatanga, e whakatika paku pāmahana o te manawanui, kato ake tohu o te haurangi, i reira he he mamae i roto i te hononga, me wheua, he ānini, ngoikore, kiri ha ma, heke hiahia.

Kei te paetata diphtheria pū māngai, noa, me te paitini, hypertoxic.

Nuinga o ngā wā puta te mate i roto i te (ngawari) paetata puka. Ki runga ki te tirohanga ataata i tīmatanga kitea te paninga ma i runga i tonsils ki koi tapa me te hanganga maeneene mucosa tae kanapa whero. I muri i te tahi mau wa te tohu riro hina hina kowhai ranei. e kore e taea te nekehia atu te reira. Ki te tamata koe ki te mahi i te reira ki te kopikopi, tonu te motu toto. Mamae i roto i te korokoro i te ina horomia puta.

Ko puka Common iti noa. Āhuatanga e te meka e e hipoki te huaki nga tonsils kore anake, engari palatal kikorangi, arero, pharynx, huamo me he āhua whero o te mamae atu korerotia. Tohu ngaro i roto i pā ana ki e rua wiki.

A, no te puka paitini ko te ara tere i roto i te pāmahana ki te 39,5-41 ° C, tipu whakatika nga tohu kaiao haurangi mamae i roto i te puku, pāhoahoa kino, te momoe, lethargy, pupuhi okana pakaru, koma kiri. Ka taea te kitea te reo paninga ma. Ki te puta te whanaketanga o te mate auau mare, e tika ana ki te edema laryngeal he uaua ki te manawa i te manawanui, i reira te mea he mate o te reo.

Hoki puka hypertoxic āhuatanga e tohu atu nui o te haurangi. Ko te tangata he mauri. Ki te te kore tīmata maimoatanga i roto i te wa, kia arahi ki te mate. Rahunga o te pūnaha circulatory puta, puta he ohorere i runga i te tinana, toto i roto i te kiriuhi mucous o te wahi gastrointestinal.

croup diphtheria

Ka taea te paetata diphtheria (pono) totokore, me te whānui. Ko te pakeke o te mate tei runga i te tohu o te iti hoki romahā.

Tohu o diphtheria o te paeoro whakawhanake āta. I roto i te wā catarrhal, kua he te manawanui reo whango, auau mare, he iti kirika. I muri i te kotahi e rua ranei nga ra i te mare kino, manawa uaua, i roto i te tangi whiowhio inspiratory te rongo.

I roto i te wā tuarua - stenotic, mamae te manawanui wāhanga o te mare pakū noa e pumau i 2 ki te 30 meneti. riro te tangata cyanotic, tohua ataahua o tapatoru nasolabial, nui haere sweating.

I muri i tenei wā puta asphyxial, āhuatanga e te momoe, lethargy, ataahua o te kiri, haehae, pēhanga toto iti. Ki te kore ko te manawanui te wa ki te whakarato i te tiaki hauora, puta mate.

Tenei puka o diphtheria mamae tamariki nohinohi, te paari, me te iwi ki te wātea i te mate ngoikore, meinga nei e te tūkino waipiro, pohokore.

diphtheria o te ihu

E kore te mea tenei ahua o te mate na uaua. Kei te āhuatanga i te reira e te ahua o te purulent Rhinitis, hipoki mucosa nasal te ki tuwhenua, pa, putapu te mata i roto i te rohe o nga paparinga, me kanohi. Temperature ranei i roto i te whānuitanga noa paku piki ranei, kahore he haurangi. Ko te rohe a tawhio noa te ihu e amuamu, puta reira makuku me te e hōu. I roto i te take o te ahua paitini o te mate putapu paparinga kiko subcutaneous me kaki.

kanohi diphtheria

Ka taea te raruraru i tēnei puka o te mate ki te pīkaru noa. Hoki te mate āhuatanga e whero me te tetere ngawari o te rau tau kirikamo. A, no te reira e iti tukunga serosuppurative puka catarrhal. A, no te puta puka membranous i runga i te kirikamo kiriata hina-ma e e uaua ki te kia nekehia atu, kei te paku piki te pāmahana. pokepokea ai paitini he huaki whakapeka. riro nga kamo tetere, i reira he tohatoha pūāhua sukrovichno-purulent. E amuamu wahi o te kiri a tawhio noa te kanohi, me te riro mākū, āmai cellulose huri noa i te turanga kanohi.

Diphtheria o te kiri, ngaro, taringa

He onge taua momo o diphtheria me te nuinga o maha whakawhanake ngātahi ki ētahi atu momo o te mate. enei rerekē katoa he faaiteraa noa o tenei mate: pupuhi, whero o nga kiriuhi kiri, me te mucous, paninga fibrinous i runga i te wāhi kua pā, matia, me te mamae taikiri rohe.

A, no te kikokiko diphtheria tane hāngai tukanga pathological te i roto i te kiri matamata. I roto i nga wahine, ka taea e wherahia ana ki te perineum, nono, puta tenetene me te hopu labia. I te wa ano kia meinga toto serous. He uaua te tiana, riro te reira mamae.

I roto i te diphtheria kiri whakawhanake tukanga pathological i roto i te rohe i runga i nei hāngai intertrigo, patunga, katoatia harore ranei. puta te reira i paninga hina paru i runga i te kiri, me te rere serous-purulent. e kore te haurangi General kitea.

Wehe taea ki te tīpako i tētahi puka o te mate, ko te hemorrhagic diphtheria. He aha te mea te reira? I roto i tenei puka reira ko te toto i te wāhi kua pā. i angitu taua maimoatanga, he mea nui ki te whakatau mehemea ko te tohu o te diphtheria whētuki oko tikanga ranei tenei. Ki te mahi i tenei me utu e koe whakarongo ki te huru o te manawanui, me te aroaro o te tahi atu tohu.

tātaringa

I runga i te tirohanga ataata i te aroaro o kiriata motuhake, hāhā o te manawa ki te haruru whakahianga i runga i te faaururaa, auau mare pāngia ki "diphtheria". Tātaritanga ngā tikanga atu, me te e whakamahia akoranga ki te tāutu i taumahatanga motuhake tātari ahua mohiotia o te mate.

I roto i ngā take pēnei i, te whakamahi i tikanga bacteriological o rangahau, i te mea e te manawanui tango i te ūkuia o diphtheria i te pharynx. taea tēnei aratuka ki a koutou te tautuhi i te tukumate me ako ona āhuatanga paitini.

e hiahiatia ana i te tikanga serological te ki te whakatau i te tohu o te mate mānukanuka antitoxic rapunga me paturopi antibacterial.

whakamatauria Mā te tikanga ira tukumate DNA.

maimoatanga diphtheria

Ahakoa o te pakeke o te mate, diphtheria i roto i ngā pakeke me ngā tamariki tukinotia anake i roto i te fare ma'i. Me piri te manawanui ki te kai, me te moenga okiokinga. I roto i te tikanga ki te haamou i te exotoxin diphtheria me te mutu haurangi whakahaere serum diphtheria (PDS). kia te tarukino kia whakahaerea rite wawe tonu, ka karo tenei te whanaketanga o pōauautanga. Ko reira rawa whai hua mō ngā ra 4 i te huaki. whakamahia te raau e ara i roto i te wā o te mate whakapae i muri whakapā ki te tangata kino.

I tua atu, whakaritea te manawanui ko te akoranga o paturopi, reira whakaiti te nui o te tukumate, kua heke tohu o te haurangi. whakamahi Tikanga he "Ampicillin" "Amoxicillin", "Cephalexin", "Oksitsillin". Ki te tika, whakarite hormones (taka prednisolone), antihistamines ( "Diazolin" "Suprastin" et al.), Antipyretics, huaora.

Kia kore ai stenosis, me kia te Whare pai-hā, whakaritea te manawanui e ki te inu mahana i roto i te puka o te tea waiu ranei ki te houra, korohū inhalation. Hei whakaiti i hypoxia whakahaere hāora humidified mā nasal pū tōngāmimi. Ki te kore enei maimoatanga e te āwhina ki te whakapai ake i te huru o te manawanui, kua whakaritea e te reira "Prednisolone".

Ki te mea kua puta te manawanui whakapeka kore romahā, i roto i tenei take, ko te mea e tika ana ki te tango i mehua akiaki ki te tango i te kiriata. Hoki tenei whakaaro, te whakamahi i kuku, papu hiko. Rawa e kore e taea te mahi i ngā take kino, kahore pokanga. whakahaerea ana te manawanui ko te ngongo kupukupu i roto i te paeoro pukorokoro ranei.

I roto i te kino diphtheria paitini, laryngeal diphtheria, ru hopuhopu-paitini, me te tahi atu pōauautanga kino o te manawanui falemahaki i roto i te kōwae tiaki kaha.

pōauautanga

Ko te tāoke, e hua diphtheria Bacillus, whenumi tonu ki te bloodstream, faatupu te reira i pōauautanga kino, me te kino. He motuhake (paitini) me kore-motuhake ratou.

tino maha puta te whanaketanga o motuhake ka te ahua paitini o te mate, ahakoa he mea e taea i roto i te tahi atu mau huru. Fifi ngā myocarditis, neuritis, syndrome nephrotic.

kia waiho hei wawe, me te mutunga o Myocarditis. Wawe kia whai 1-2 wiki o mate. I roto i taimaha, kore ngakau ahu whakamua. I roto i te tūroro he mamae puku, ruaki, whakaora pini. He he he amuamu ngakau systolic, arrhythmias, heke ohorere i roto i te pēhanga toto. Nui ake ate me riro tairongo.

myocarditis Late, e whanake i roto i 3-4 wiki, kua he akoranga ake mārire.

He pōauautanga angamaheni o te diphtheria - wawe me te mutunga o pāpāngia momohe. I roto i te wiki tuarua o te mate kia whakawhanake pāpāngia wawe o nga raru cranial. riro ana te manawanui reo nasal, uaua tohua i roto i horomia, te ngaro o te pūpū ki te ngao ngohengohe. I te tahi taime e kore e taea e te manawanui lau me e kore e wehewehe i waenganui i ngā iti.

I muri 4-5 wiki, kia ai taua mea te mutunga o pāpāngia momohe. Heke reflexes iohere, ngoikore uaua tohua, ruruku waimaero.

Ki te uaua miharo o te kaki me te kātua, e kore e taea e te tangata e i roto i te tūranga e noho ana, he uaua ki te pupuri i tou matenga. Pea te whanaketanga o te laryngeal pāpāngia, pharynx, HWM. arata'i tenei ki mate o reo me te ahua o te mare puku, he pakeke te manawanui ki te horomia, ngote nei puku.

I roto i te wāhanga whakapeka o te mate kia whakawhanake syndrome nephrotic. kitea ana te mimi ko te nui nui haere o te pūmua, ki runga ake i ngā pūtau toto whero noa, me te ma ngā pūtau toto. Ko te kupu e kore e waimaero mahi tākihi.

Hoki pōauautanga kore-motuhake ngā kakā, pāpāho otitis, lymphadenitis, me ētahi atu.

outlook

Tei te waitohunga i runga i te āhua o pakeke puta te mate diphtheria serum i te wā o te maimoatanga, me te te whanaketanga o ngā pōauautanga.

I roto i te rua ki te rima o te mate ra mate kia puta te nuinga i roto i te puka o te diphtheria paitini. Ko te take - ru paitini, me te asphyxia. I muri i te rua ki te toru wiki i te tīmatanga o te mate mate e taea tupu i myocarditis kino.

ārai

Ko te pai atu i te rongoa Prevention, rawa he kino pērā i diphtheria. He aha te mea te reira, kua kitea e kua matou, engari pehea e tiaki koe ia koe? Ko te mehua ārai matua ko - he werohanga, kawea nei i roto i rite ki te kaupapa i te tau o te 3 marama, i roto i te toru ngā wāhanga. ngā Vaccination ki tenei mate i roto i te hōtaka kano. whakamahi DTP kano ranei atu, kei roto i te toxoid diphtheria. Me ngā pakeke i te booster ki te mau tonu te mate ki te diphtheria.

Ahakoa ki te hanga werohanga ki diphtheria? O te akoranga, te kano - e kore ko te kī taurangi e kore e whiwhi koutou mate tenei, engari ka puta te mate ngāwari me kahore pōauautanga kino. kawea revaccination pakeke i roto i nga tekau tau.

ārai mātau o te diphtheria e ārai i te horapa o te mate. kia tutakina tonu te manawanui, me te titiro i te iwi nei i whakapā ki a ia. tutakina ano tāutuhia kawe diphtheria Corynebacterium ka whakahau i te maimoatanga tika.

I roto i te kindergarten me ngā kura whakaurua whare taratahi, i roto i nei te manawanui, patu huakita. kia te manawanui i roto i te fare ma'i noa e whakaorangia ratou, whakapumautia nei e rua whakamātautau ki hua kino.

Ko te tangata e kua tukua te mate e hua wātea i te mate molengofuá. Kotahi tekau nga tau i muri mai, ka taea e ia anō te mate, engari ka puta te mate ngāwari.

Kore ki te ū ki te ngā o werohanga me revaccination heke raruraru antidiphtheria mate, pea'oku fie mo te whanaketanga o te mate. He ngawari diphtheria kano, he onge ngā raruraru.

prophylaxis Nonspecific o te diphtheria - he whakapakeketanga, mahi āhua, kai tōtika pai, te rongo ki te rangi hou.