Fyodor Sologub: haurongo me mahi (whakaahua)

Poetry Silver Age he rongonui mo ona māngai. E mohiotia o ratou ingoa, me ki nga mahi fakangalongata'a ki te katoa e te ara paku whakaaro ia he kaiarahi o tuhinga. He kaitito nei rotarota tamau i oke ai. Ko ētahi o ēnei Fyodor Sologub. haurongo poto, he tirohanga whānui o te auaha, me te whakaahuatanga o te aronga i roto i nei e hanga nga rotarota, e tatari ana hoki koutou i raro.

Mō te kaituhi

Fedor Sologub - Russian kaituhi, rohi pehe, buka, translator, me te kaiako. Ko ia tetahi o nga māngai kānapanapa o te hiriwa Age o Ngā tohu Russian me apologist. Ko na faahiahia, me te tautohetia tona mahi, he maha fakaangá kore e taea e tonu mai ki anake te tikanga tika o whakapakoko, me pūāhua hanga e te rohi pehe. Sologub, haurongo, me te auaha i he tonu te kaupapa o te ako me te rangahau o pūāhua hou - te kaihanga matamaha o whiti, me te tuhi. maongo ana whiti ki o ratou tohu o mo'emo'e, o mysticism me te mea ngaro, me pūrākau kukume whakarongo, ru, a kahore e tukua haere tae noa ki te whārangi whakamutunga o tona.

ingoakē History

Ko te ingoa reira o te rohi pehe - Fyodor Kuzmich Teternikov.

Ko te buka aamu "Te Tai Tokerau Gazette" Kua riro te papa whakarewa mo te pehe. I roto i nga tau 90 o Sologub whiti XIX rautau whakaputaina i roto i tenei putanga, ki te tauine whānui.

ka ui Tūnga symbolist pehe ingoa ponguru. I roto i te moheni, ka whakaaro nga putanga tuatahi i ingoakē, tae atu i te kōwhiringa "Sologub" i whakaarohia. whanau taua ingoa whānau pai, he māngai nui o nei ko Vladimir Sologub - kaituhi, kaituhi. Hei whai rerekētanga, whakatau Fedor ki te tango tetahi reta.

I roto i te 1893, mai te moheni i te pehepehe "Te Hamaniraa", hainatia e te pseudonym Fyodor Sologub. Haurongo o kaituhi huna te rota o ngā, e tango tae e ngā mema o te poari ētita. "Northern Herald" hoatu te rohi pehe he fakaue'iloto tika mō te whanaketanga me te tupu.

Fedor Sologub, he haurongo poto. tamarikitanga

whanau te kaituhi i te tuatahi i roto i Maehe 1863 i St Petersburg. Ko tona papa he tangata whenua o Poltava kawanatanga.

Ko te whānau rawa rawakore, ko toku papa he serf ka hanga he ora i te kaka hī.

mātauranga ngā mātua o te rohi pehe heke mai i te iwi mohio i roto i te whare pukapuka, ka whakaako tona papa tamariki pānui, tuhituhi, tākaro hoki a ratou, e korero e pā ana ki te whare matakitaki, a haere aua taonga o mōhiotanga e pā ana ki te ahurea ao me te tuhinga, i a.

A, no te, e rua nga tau i muri i haere mai i te whanautanga o Fyodor ki tona tuahine nohinohi, meinga ora te utuafare i uaua ake i roto i ngā rauemi. I te pae hopea te whānau ki te rawakore peia matenga o tona papa i roto i te tau 1867. noho Mother ki te tamariki i roto i tona ringa, i waho te oranga. i takoha ia ki te haere ki te pononga i roto i te utuafare rawa. Tenei whānau rangatira tupu Agapovs me te kuao pehe ki nei te aristocrats tukinotia pai, i āwhina tana-mātauranga whaiaro, tiritiri o ngā pukapuka onge, i he rawa vēkeveke mo Sologub. Ka haere tonu haurongo o te pehe ki te iwi taonga me tūtakitanga matapōkere e awhinatia ki a ia hinga mau fifi o te ora, me te titiro hoki koe.

Heoi, i reira i ona taha pouri rite te tamaiti kia Agapovs whare ka. Ko te ao o ngā pukapuka, waiata me te pūtaiao, e kua piri ki te Theodore taitamariki i roto i te whare, insanely whakatauritea koi ki te huru o te kīhini, ae, me te horoi i roto i te rua, uaua, i mahi ki te tiango oti o ope tona whaea ki te whangai ratou tamariki. I te tahi taime kapohia ia atu tona ngenge i runga i nga tamariki, ka haere noa i mua i te patu mo te tutu iti. I muri ka reira kia tuhituhia kōrero kaituhi "whakamarietanga", i roto i nei faaite e ia te taimaha katoa o tona ao o ritua o ngā tamariki nohinohi. Momou i roto i ona tohinoa haamana'o tenei Sologub, he haurongo poto o te rohi pehe maha mahue enei taime, engari mo te whakapakoko, he pikitia tino o tona ora, me te hanganga e hiahia ana ratou.

Mahi e tuhu te ara ki te rohi pehe

Wife o te rohi pehe, te tito tona koioranga, korero e pā ana ki te pukapuka e toru e i tai'o Fedor i tona tamarikitanga.

Ko te "Don Kuisito" e Cervantes, tenei "Kingi Lear" e Shakespeare me "Robinson Crusoe" Defoe. i pera kaha e hoatu ana tupu taranata, whakaritea ki te tupu ki te pakeke, me te hanga i te rohi pehe nui, te kaihanga i raro i te pseudonym Sologub te mana'o i te tai'oraa noa i roto i te tamaiti rawa taitamariki. haurongo poto, hanga e tana wahine, ka korerotia e ahau e ko enei pukapuka "he ahua o te evanelia."

Ko te mahi o Pushkin ko Lermontov, i manene ki te taitama Sologub ana taumu'a matua. N. A. Nekrasov i te reira i nui ofi i roto i te wairua, me ana whakapakoko o te raruraru rawakore o te puta, a ka kitea e ratou wahi, me te kia kitea i roto i te mono o te whiti heke mai. i patua Fyodor Sologub i tona tamarikitanga i te talena ki i fakamatala'i Nekrasov te wheako me te mamae o te tangata noa.

Ko tētahi atu mana nui i runga i te hanganga o ngā waiaro, me te taranata o te kaituhi ka mau auaha S. Nadson.

To'u Tupú me te rapu ano

ka mau pehe Youth wahi i raro i te mana o te tuhinga ao me Talafungani Russian, i ia e ia i te whai wāhi ki te pānui i. Ko te whakawhetai ki taua taea i taea ki te whakawhanake i tona taranata taitamariki Sologub (haurongo, tuhituhia e te wahine o te rohi pehe, hoatu ana e ia he tino mārama whakaaro e pā ana ki tenei).

I te tau o rima Fedor Sologub riro te Kaiako ākonga 'Institute i St Petersburg. i ahau i konei i te rohi pehe taitamariki ki whakaaro whakauru me te whakawhetai ki te Tuhinga o te whānau me ngā kaiako Fedor Agapovs i kite i roto i te tamaiti i te hinengaro koi me te taranata e hiahia tapahi. Mooni whakatuwheratia nga akomanga tuatahi mo te rohi pehe he ao hou katoa o te auahatanga me te haere noa.

Kaiwhakahaere o te Institute ko CD Saint-Iller - tino mātauranga iwi ki kanohi ahu whakamua, me te auaha. Ngā mihi ki tona ngākau mō te whakaako i te kaiako tino matatau o taua wa i whai wāhi. I roto i te ngā ākonga, e te nuinga o nga i te mau utuafare rawa, ko Fedor he manene oti. kihai i kukume te reira i huihuinga me whakanui ngā ākonga. Ahakoa i ngahau ana hoa, whakawhitia ake e ia nga waiata, a ka mau nga kaupae tuatahi i roto i te tuhi. Mai te timatanga o te whakangungu i te'inisititiutí tīmata te pūrākau "tomairangi Night" Sologub. parau haurongo o te rohi pehe tatou e tenei pūrākau, kihai i whakaotia e ia, engari ko te he nganatanga pai tenei, te haamaitai ona wheako.

I roto i te 1882, puta te symbolist kaituhi heke mai ki hōnore i kāreti me te haere ki te kainga mamao sākalamēnití. Ki te ia e tango e ia tona whaea me tona tuahine Olga. I reira tatari ia mo te mahi a te kaiako, me te tekau tau o pohehe i roto i nga kawanatanga: Great Luke ko Vytegra kua te whare rangitahi o te kaituhi, me tona utuafare.

Here, i roto i "pea kokonga" kaituhi te mamae ngana i te mo'emo'e, me te "repo porowini." I muri e tuhituhi ia e pā ana ki reira, e mea ana e mate te kaiako kei ki moemoe me te pōhēhē.

Ko te kaupae tuatahi i roto i te rotarota

Ko te irava matamua o te rohi pehe i whanau, rite ki te tahi mau pūrongo, ka ko ia kotahi tekau ma rua ona tau. Fedor Sologub (nei haurongo ta iti e pā ana ki tona whanaketanga hei kaituhi) i roto i te pakeke te maha haamana'o ki kawa e pā ana ki te kawenga o te taiohitanga, i te mea kahore tautoko me te matauranga, a ka i katoa ki te tae koe.

Ki te kaha katoa o te maximalism taitamariki taitama Theodore i whakaaro i faataahia ia ki te waiho i te rohi pehe, a ka oati ia ki a ia e kore e e hoki iho i tona karangatanga, ahakoa uaua kia mau ai ki. Otiia kihai whakarau i mahi poto i runga i te whakamātautau. Ki te kore koe e kōrero e pā ana ki te mau fifi o te rauemi, i roto i nei noho otare te kaituhi whānau, i reira i tokomaha mamae morare mo te tamarikitanga talēniti'ia. noho ia ki tona whaea, me te tuahine i roto i te pa porowini, te wahi i iti iho i te mau fifi whai wāhitanga. i whakaputaina ana whiti i roto i te mau ve'a ngoikore porowini ki te iti te maha o ngā kaipānui, te kororia, me te āhukahuka o katoa kihai i haere ki te rohipehe.

"Northern Herald"

Ko te wāhi koki ko te rohi pehe i roto i te 1891, ka whakarau kawea ia ki te whakapaipai, a hoatu ana e te hui tino matapōkere ki Nikolaem Maksimovichem Minsky - he māngai o te fakataipe pūngāwerewere pera-ka karanga. 'uhinga ko e fakataipe o tenei hui ko e, ahakoa te kōrero poto, F. Sologub (haurongo, tuhituhia e te wahine o te rohi pehe'Oku fakamatala'i mahino tenei hui) ka waiho Minsk ona kohinga iti o rotarota (o rau o te tīmatanga o ngā rotarota i te tokorua tika). ko te tau o te whanautanga, me te panoni o mohiotia kua ki a tatou te buka aamu "Te Tai Tokerau Gazette" tenei. Ko tōna kaihanga: N. Minsky, Dmitry Merezhkovsky, Z. Gippius A. Volyn i pukumahi rapu mō mahi e e kua he fakatātā tika o te mau mahana hopea nei Faaiteraa N. Minsky "I roto i te marama o te hinengaro ...". Koinei te wahi i te rotarota Sologub taitamariki e awhinatia whakarite i te ētita makasiní, a te mutunga whakaaetia te pehe taitamariki ki te whakapumautia ano i roto i te auraki o fakataipe.

paari

I roto i te hinga o 1892 Fedor Sologub neke ki St Petersburg. I muri tata whakangaromia tona kawanatanga, e wawahi ia ki te hapori o te Symbolists tona auahatanga me te hiahia ki te waihanga.

Tenei kua kite ia i te kaiako i roto i te kura Christmas pa. Relive konei tamaru te kaituhi, me te maha scenes o tona maramarama, engari pūrākau nui, "Little Demon" me "Dreams Taumaha". He scene o mahi neke ki ana mahi "pa porowini", engari mo etahi take e kore i roto i te pane, i reira pau ia tona paari katoa ka aroha ki toku ngakau katoa.

"Northern Herald" riro te kaituhi me te wahi o te akoranga, me te tikanga e ai tana whiti mohiotia hopea riro.

I roto i te 1908, Sologub Fedor Kuzmich (haurongo o te kaituhi incompletely whakaahua ana tenei wā ora) rau te umanga kaiako, me te marena Anastasia Chebotarevsky - kaituhi me te translator.

I te tau 1913, ki tana wahine, haere ia i runga i te haerenga ki te pa o Russia, te toro ratou i roto i te nui o tata wha tatini.

I roto i te 1918, taka te rohipehe te kororia o te te tiamana o te Union o tau tuhituhi.

Hakihea 5, mate 1927 te kaituhi i te tau o ono tekau-wha tau, mahue he tukufakaholo nui o whiti, me te tuhi fakataipe kānapanapa.

He tirohanga whānui o te auahatanga

He taonga, me te whānui te pehe, me te kaituhi. Ahakoa fakaangá ratou i muri pēnei tona whiti me te tuhi ki te fakataipe, he tokomaha o nga āhuatanga o ana mahi, kei tua atu te hōkai o tenei au.

tīmata ia tona mahi Sologub Fyodor Kuzmich (biography poto, tuhituhia e Anastasia Chebotareva, parau e pā ana ki reira) ki rotarota.

I muri mai, i roto i te he'inisititiutí te kaiako ', hanga ana e ia he ngana ki te waihanga i tētahi tuhi hautoa "Night tomairangi." Huri noa i te wa ano ka hapu te maau "te pororaru", e kore nei i te auraa ki kia whakaputaina.

I roto i te St Petersburg "Northern Herald" whakaputaina whiti o te rohi pehe.

I roto i te 1902, oti te kaituhi mahi i runga i tona pūrākau "Little Demon." mau a'oraa mahi toi e pā ana ki haurangi kaiako wairua paraurehe kovi Ardalyon Peredonov. No te mea o tona maia, me "meá" pūrākau i meake ia ki "tepu ora". Heoi, i roto i 1905 tangohia te moheni "Questions o Life" te ki te whakaputa i te mahi. I roto i te hononga ki te kati o te whakaputanga o te makasini ko reira pakaru, i hanga e taea ki te whakaatu tino te pūrākau iho.

I te tau 1907, "Little Demon" kei te hopea e haere mai i roto i rawatia me i taua wa ki tenei ra tonu tetahi o te tino pai-mohiotia, ka ako ngā pukapuka i roto i te tuhinga Russian.

Ko te tumu matua o te whiti F. Sologub

Ahakoa te meka e noho i te wahi e tika pūrākau o te kaituhi i roto i te ao o te tuhinga, te rotarota, he reira kahore iti ngā mo tona taketake me te marama rerekē, kāhua hauangi.

Ko tenei haupū humarie patu Sologub. Haurongo o te kaituhi ki tonu o tona rapu auaha me ngā wheako, e kua kitea i roto i nga irava, a ka he ngāwari ki te pānui i roto i te kotahi manawa ratou.

Ko te kaupapa matua o te rotarota - he tohu i rawe ki, me te ino kaupapa te oto, te mauiui, e noho, kahore tikanga me te whakaaro o te ora.

Ka taea te takina pānga kaupapa ita i runga i nga ora o mana nunui i roto i te pehepehe "tārere Whakatara" me "famously kotahi-kanohi." Ko te ngoikore o te tangata, tona paruparu i roto i te mata o te mau fifi o te ora rere i roto i te Sologub katoa whiti.

I roto i te mutunga

korerotia poto matou ki a koutou e pā ana ki te kaituhi, i mahue he tukufakaholo tuhituhi e taea te hoatu humarie i runga i te par ki nga mahi o Dostoevsky, poraka, mo Tolositoi. Fedor Sologub (haurongo me mahi, whakaahua o te kaituhi - te reira katoa i reira i roto i te tuhinga) - he kaituhi me te rohi pehe, kaituhi me te kaituhi, e whakaaturia i roto i tona mahi i te taha pouri o te ora. Otiia i ia te reira na whakairo me ngā, e kua kite i ana mahi i roto i te kotahi manawa me te noho i roto i te mahara ake.