German MG-34. Ko te pū mīhini o te Pakanga II o te Ao

I muri i te Pakanga o te Ao e ahau (1914-1918) Tiriti o Versailles opani Tiamana ki te whakawhanake i te whakaputa i tetahi patu, tae atu ki ngā tāke, submarines me ranei patu aunoa. Otiia ki te haere mai ki te mana o te kau Nasí i roto i te 1930, me te ake anō o te ope Tiamana te nuinga o nga here i raro i te Whakaaetanga i tohungia nga mana, no te anō-tīmata i te whawhai hou te ao. Na roto i tenei wa nga strategists hōia Tiamana whakawhanakehia te ariā o Kōmāmā pū mīhini-whakaaro maha kawe.

Air hei utu o te wai

Ētahi wa ko tenei whakatau te MG-13. Rāwaho i roto i te tau 1930, ka e ia he pū mīhini ö i te Pakanga o te Ao e ahau ki te wai-matao o Dreyse Model 1918 whakarerekē i hau. noho ia i runga i te moheni 25-a tawhio 75-a tawhio pahū ranei, a ka tangohia e te ope Tiamana rite te pū mīhini paerewa. I roto i te mutunga, eke te pū mīhini i runga i tāke, me te waka rererangi o te Luftwaffe, engari i roto i te whānui, whakamatauria ki te kia utu ki te hamaniraa a taea ahi i te tere o 600 rauna ia meneti. Na reira, kua tenei tauira kua solia rite wawe rite 1934 ka hokona whakanohoia i roto i te rokiroki ranei.

Ko te putanga Swiss

kore pātahi e pa te MG-13, e rapu whakamātautau atu. Ko te kamupene Rheinmetall-Borsig, whai wāhi i roto i te hanga o patu mai 1889 ki te circumvent te here i whakanohoia e te Tiriti Versailles, whakaritea whakatūnga i roto i tata Switzerland atarangi o "Solothurn" ka tonu ki te mahi i runga i te rangi-matao o hou. I roto i te Ao Tuatahi tikanga e te matao o pū ki te wai, e fakafaingata'a'ia'i ratou tiaki, me te transportation. ka mau nga whakamātautau wahi i te timatanga o 1930, me te hohoro oti te hanga o te tauira pai ake.

riro te reira i "Solothurn MG-30", hanga i roto i te 1930. whakamahia te pū mīhini i roto i te tata Austria ko Hungary me te i roto i Germany, engari hiahia nga mana Tiamana ki te tiki patu atu hāneanea me te kawe, te akiaki i te whanaketanga atu o te raina. I maoro, i whakaputaina ai e te MG-15, e whakamatauria ki te kia tino whai hua rite te patu rererangi ārai, ka riro whakahau nui i muri i te whakatamarikitanga mōhiohio o te Luftwaffe.

Maschinengewehr 34

kukuwhatanga atu o tenei raina ki rö te rongonui MG-34 - he pū mīhini, hoki e mohiotia ana Maschinengewehr 34, hopoi mai huihui nga 'ulungaanga pai o nga tauira o mua, tae atu i te MG-30 me MG-15. i pera orurehau e ko te reira i te pū mīhini-whakaaro whānui pono tuatahi te hua - patu huaki multipurpose, nehenehe o te raveraa i te maha ngā mahi i waho te huri tona hanganga taketake. te ingoa Ko tōna kaihanga i kaipūkaha armorer Vollmer.

Ko te ope Tiamana hohoro tangohia te pū mīhini hou, a ka ka whāngai ia i roto i 1936. I te tīmatanga, rave tona kamupene hanga Mauserwerke AG, engari hohoro hanumi reira ki Steyr-Daimler-Puch AG me Waffenwerke Brunn. I roto i te katoa, i whakaputaina 577.120 wae i 1935 ki te 1945.

Āhuatanga matua

I roto i te āhuatanga turanga o MG-34 pū mīhini rawa mīharo: te roa - 1219 mm ki te paerewa kātua 627 mm me te taimaha, ko te 12.1 kg. whakamahi te reira ahurei patunga poto ki te huringa o te kuwaha kiriata pini utu te paraire huriwhakamuri tīwerawera. MG-34 - he pū mīhini, te ërä o i whiriwhiria mō tohu 7,92x57 Mauser pū kariri. Whakatauria enei tauira wawe i 600-1000 rauna ia meneti, ki te pai rawa o te aratau puhipuhi kotahi aunoa ranei. Te tere tuatahi ko 762 m / s, hanga reira taea ki te patu i te ūnga i tawhiti ki runga ki te 1200 m. Ka taea te nui haere tenei tawhiti mā te whakamahi i te mīhini i āta hangaia mo te whakamahi o patu rite te pū mīhini taimaha. He paerewa te titiro, ki te ware o te 100 m ki te 2000 m.

hoahoa hāneanea

MG-mīhini pū 34 He hoahoa rārangi i roto i nei te ringa tautoko, me te kātua kei i runga i te raina pohewa taua. meatia tenei i roto i te tikanga ki te whakarato i te pupuhi atu eu, engari e kore e anake. Ko te reke ko te toronga hāneanea ki te rōpū pouaka muri i te pouaka iho he iti "i puwhenua te", me te kōtaha pīrahi. Supply me te pana tatau e ngāwari mua wehea, me te hiako mahue tikanga tikanga. I roto i mua o te tau mahani he casing pūwatawata uhi i te kātua roto reira. Kei runga i te oko arrester mura koeke. A, no te whakamahia rite patu tautoko hōia i raro i te taupoki piri te bipod kotuinga, Te hōrapa ki i te huinga. titau mīhini pū taua roa te tautoko mua, tautautefito ki he taimi ko te pere i roto i te tūranga te maungārongo.

tautauā rangi

Weapons o tenei momo kua kotahi drawback - te ti'aturiraa i runga taiao rangi meangiti komuhumuhu huri noa te oko i roto i te pupuhi. Na reira, whakanohoia te oko i roto i te casing pūwatawata tangohia e kua taua tautauā wahi, engari e kore e tenei otinga tukua ki te whakahaere roa-ahi, i te mea faufaa no te te tautoko patu pehanga ranei. rārangi Poto-te mana i te ture mo te taua pū. ki te puta ke katoa 250 matā te oko, me te ora mahi whānui o 6,000 matā. Hei hanga i te reira māmā ki te huri i kua hanga nga Engineers Tiamana reira taea ki te iriti i te kaiwhiwhi, me "eversion" reira i te casing. riro shooter uru ki te kātua roto te whare i roto i tuwhera o te kōwae te muri, a taea te tango i reira ki te whakakapi. Na ka kōkuhu i tētahi oko makariri hou, a ka anō te ahi rite noa.

aratau shooting

Fire oroko ka pēhi koe te keu, e ngā o rua nga wahi. tohua te wāhanga o runga te ki te pukapuka E (Einzelfeuer) me te kawenga hoki te matā kotahi, ka tohua te raro e ki te pukapuka D (Dauerfeuer) me te hangaia mo te ahi aunoa. Ko te kupu, Ka taea e te toa whakahaere te supply o paura me te whakawera oko.

Ko te supply kariri

Kua hoki MG-34 supply mana i hoatu tokanga makehe. I roto i te patu kāwanatanga pahoho te tikanga powered rihi 50 a tawhio noa te pahū 75 ranei te pahū ka tohutohutia piha poppet rua (MG-15 hoahoa tupu). Hei whakahaere i uta, i te whakamahia te whakamahi i 50-kariri rīpene rite te patu tautoko kawe. Ki te tika, i taea te hono i te reira ki te tahi atu rīpene noa te tiaki tonu i te 250 cartridges. Heoi, ko te whakamahi o te rīpene kawenga tikanga, me te whakaiti i te tere o te ahi.

waka mīhini-pū

I muri MG-34 i whakamatauria kua i roto i te mahi, e patu ratou ki nga wahi ngā o te ope Tiamana - i ope motuhake ki hōia. mahi tātai kotahi pū mīhini, arā, o te iwi i te iti rawa e rua. Kotahi puritia shooting ka kawea te patu i roto i te whawhai, me te tahi atu i te kawenga mō te kariri, i awhina ki te rīpene, ka whai wāhi i roto i te whakakorenga o takaroa. Ki te tika, i taea e te āwhina ratou atu i te mau melo o te rōpū - kia kawe pū anō, taputapu mīhini anō ammo ranei.

Jack o ringarehe katoa

Te hanganga, te MG-34 - he pū mīhini rite tactically ngāwari, ia hohoro tangohia ake mahi whawhai katoa taea. Otiia ko tona whakaaro matua tautoko hōia. Hoki tenei pu i rite rawa ki te bipod, a whakamahia hoia 50-peihana rīpene. Kuo hoko ma'u pē te tere o te ahi i te wāhi kaha o te patu, engari pai te pere matā kotahi popoto rawa ranei mo te pai tika.

Ko te auau tiketike i tika, ina te mahi te pū mīhini MG-34 (ko tona whakaahua i roto i te arotake) i te mahi o anti-rererangi ki te whakangaro i rererangi hoariri iti-rere. Ki tenei mutunga i piri ki te whatanga mīhini anti-rererangi, mua, a muri anti-rererangi viewfinders titiro.

pū mīhini taumaha MG-34 (kite whakaahua. I roto i te tuhinga) ki te whakahaere te ahi tonu i piri ki te Lafette mīhini 34. tenei whakaminenga kau he hanga-i roto i te papare tikanga ki te ū i te reira i roto i te shooting. I tua atu, E whakatakotoria ana e te kaiwhiwhi i te tirohanga optical mō pai aroturuki, me te patu i te ūnga i te tawhiti.

MG-34 - he pū mīhini, he pūrere e taea tona disassembly tere i roto i te parae, e āhei ki te horoi i te reira, lubricated ka hanga ana i roto i te wa poto. rehe pū whakaaro taea tūkino i tetahi otaota i runga i te parekura, na ko reira nui ki te piri tino ki aratau tiaki ki te ūkui patu i tetahi mea pea i taea e e arahi ki te mutu i te momeniti tino kāore.

perfectionism mate

Tētahi atu ngoikoretanga o te MG-34 ko te raruraru noa i roto i te pū mua-pakanga katoa: ko te hanga o ngā paerewa kounga teitei, e rapu utu i te rota o te wā, kaha me te utu. arahina tenei ki te meka i ko tonu te pū mīhini whawhai MG-34 i roto i te supply poto i roto i te whawhai, kia rite i reira e tika ana mo nga ratonga Tiamana katoa i runga i akina katoa. I roto i te mutunga, kua takoha ratou hanga ki te mahi ki rima tipu, ka pau atu rauemi, te wā me te pūngao kei i runga i te hanga o te tāpiri-ake ki te mahi i ona ngā mahi. i ngawari rawa ki ngā āhuatanga hōia pakeke e arahina ki te whanaketanga o te putanga māmā patu pai - rite rongonui MG-42 take, 1942.

akatuke'anga

MG-34 - he pū mīhini, i runga i nei kawea mahi i waho, me te whakapai ake i roto i te whawhai. MG-34m rerekē koti taimaha, no te mea i riro ai tona whakamahi hei anti-kaimahi patu, e noho ana i runga i te huinga o German waka Armoured. Tauira MG-34s me te putanga whakamutunga o te MH-34/41 Kua riro te oko poroa (560 mm) mo te auau o te hua i roto i te tūranga o pū mīhini anti-rererangi , a ko anake ahi aunoa. MG-34/41 ko ki te whakakapi i te MG-34, engari kihai i tenei pa e tika ana ki te putanga o te raupapa whai hua o MG-42. MG-34/41 i kore mana whāngai e te, ahakoa i whakaputaina i roto i te tahi mau rahinga.

Kua te taviniraa MG-34 Panzerlauf rite te pū tank. I roto i enei tauira e whakamahia ana i te whare taimaha ki tawhiti iti rua. Kua te reke kua nekehia mo te kōtaha atu kiato i roto i te whāiti o te wāhi i roto i te waka Armoured Tiamana. Otiia, i runga i te poari kawea kete faafariuraa taea koe ki te tahuri hohoro Panzerlauf i roto i te whenua i te pū mīhini marama i roto i te take, ki te i ahau ki te whakarere i te waka. Ko te huinga ngā bipod, take me te titiro.

Ko tētahi o nga whakarerekētanga hou o te MG-34 - MG-81 mīhini pū, anti-rererangi patu ārai ki te whakakapi i te MG-15 tawhitotia. MG-81Z (Zwilling) kua riro he manga o te aho nui honotanga rua MG-34s keu noa. puta ke te hoahoa i roto i te ara, pērā i ki te tuku i te pū mīhini mana i runga i ngā taha e rua. tae tōna auau te mīharo 2800-3200 rauna ia meneti. Kua Production o te raupapa kua iti, rite i hiahiatia atu MG-34s i roto i te tahi atu wāhi.

Ahakoa te meka e i roto i 1942 i reira ko tetahi pū mīhini e kore te MG-34/42, te hanga o MG-34 haukotia ra ano te mutunga o te pakanga i roto i Europa i roto i Mei 1945. Ahakoa hangaia te MG-42 i ki te whakakapi i te MG-34 rite te patu kapamua ia a kihai i taea e ahau tae te reira taumata tika nui, me te, te mutunga, te whakatangihanga a te tūranga o ngä hoahoa puāwaitanga 1930 a.

āhukahuka te ao

whakamahia MG-34 pū mīhini Tiamana ko Tiamana e kore anake, me te kore i roto i te Pakanga Tuarua o te Ao anake. Kei te tere horahia e ona analogs huri noa te ao. I roto i aua whenua, i te ope i horo ana a reira ki runga ki te poari, - Algeria, Angola, Bulgaria, China, Croatia, Finland, Guinea-Bissau, Hungary, e Iharaira, Korea, Te Tai Tokerau Vietnam, Portugal, Hauti Arapia, Taiwan me Turkey. whakamahia te pū mīhini i roto i te Pakanga Civil i Haina (1946-1950), te pakanga Arab-Iseraela (1948), te Korean War (1950-1953), Vietnam (1955-1975). Mohoa noa nei, e taea te kitea i te reira i roto i ngā wāhi mamao wahi ko reira rave tonu te patu rongonui i roto i te whawhai.