He aha mutu rere ki te marama? Exploration wāhi

I roto i nga tau tata nei i reira kua maha taputapu ahurei, e kua nui ake to tatou oraraa. e kore e tu ana Pūtaiao me te hangarau tonu. Ko te tangata āta heheu te mea ngaro o tenei ao. Heoi, ko reira tonu mārama he aha mutu rere ki te marama. Oia mau, i roto i te rau tau whakamutunga, i whawhai nga superpowers e rua mo te whai wāhi ki te tonoa te tangata tuatahi i runga i amiorangi whenua. Eaha tei tupu? Tīmata, pea, ko te kōrero e pā ana ki te hanganga o te kaupapa "kaupeka".

"Hōtaka Marama" NASA

Kua whakaaetia te tangata i runga i te marama pūtaiao ki te manga tawhiti i mua. Otiia ohorere i Fakangata nga hōtaka katoa. He aha tino tupu? Ki te tiki i te whakahoki whānui, e hiahia ana koe ki te keri i te iti hohonu. Ko te hītori o te tūhura o te marama i timata i roto i te rau tau whakamutunga. Ko te ahua o te pakanga o te maha āhua mo aoniu mo te ao katoa.

tū USSR i taua wa te tūranga ārahi, ka mohio NASA e kore e nga ara tika ki te whakaiti i te tawhiti e taea. hiahiatia matou he i matao. Na reira, kua whakapumautia te rōpū nui o pūtaiao, i whakawhanakehia te hōtaka "marama". I runga i tenei kaupapa kaimahi e pā ana ki 400 mano iwi. I pau te reira i runga i 110 miriona tāra. Mahi i runga i te hōtaka roa hoki e pā ana ki 8 tau. I roto i tenei wa i reira kua maha Momo o rererangi me, o te akoranga, he raupapa o "Apollo." Ko mutu hoki etahi take e rere ki te marama, ki te i te mahi katoa i angitu?

Ko te hono whanaketanga matua e NASA - ko Wernher von Braun. Tenei tangata i roto i te Pakanga Tuarua o te Ao, mahi ia i runga i Adolf Hitler. Ko ia te tangata e hanga te pai-mohiotia huri noa te ao, "V-2 tākirirangi." i taea e ki te hanga i tētahi reo kaha e kua he rahi faahiahia Werner. Whakaorangia reira ki te pae whakarewanga mo te whenua i tata taea. E tano ia tapao e te "Saturn" pūkaha he kaha o 180 miriona horsepower. A, no te tīmata te mīhini i roto i ngā whare kei tata, wahia katoa te karaihe.

nganatanga NASA

maha flights i tukua ki te marama. Ko whakarewahia 10 aircrafts "Apollo" raupapa i te aroaro o te taunga tuatahi i runga i te mata o te pee'utari a Papatūānuku. Na anake timata matou ki te kōrero e pā ana ki te taea o te whati tangata ki te marama:

1. nuku 1968 - i whakarewahia ai "Apollo 7". tuatahi ka haere te waka rererangi ki te ohuraa.

2 Hakihea 1968 - whakarewahia i "Apollo 8" ki te pāhihi i runga i te poari. Ko te rererangi i taea ki te rere a tawhio noa te marama i roto i tona ohuraa.

3 Poutūterangi 1969 - "Apollo 9". I roto i te wāhi, kawea whakamātautau i roto ki te kōwae kaupeka.

4. Haratua 1969 - "Apollo 10". korerotia ana e taunga te waka, maturuturu ki te teitei o 15 kiromita i te mata o te pee'utari a Papatūānuku.

5. Flight ki te marama i roto i 1969, 2 Hōngongoi - "Apollo 11". I kawea te waka ki te mata o te pee'utari a te whenua.

I muri i taua, whakahaeretia NASA rave rahi ūnga i runga i te marama. Heoi, i roto i te 1972, tutakina iho nga Ameliká katoa o ona kaupapa e pā ana ki te hoa o te whenua. I muri i te US "hōtaka marama" i mutu i roto i te USSR. I muri i taua spaceflight kore ake. Ehara i katoa mārama noa nei, he aha kua mutu ki rere ki te marama? He aha ko te take?

"Marama Program" o te USSR

Ko te USSR, i reira ko te take ki te āhuatanga hōtaka i nui he kino. Rerekē te Ameliká, Russian tonu whiua ki ngā rahunga. kihai i taea e ki te hanga i tētahi tauira taketake mahi o te pāpāho kaha Scientists o te USSR. Ko te ngakau o te kaupapa kaupeka ko SP Korolev. I muri i tona matenga, kua tino heke te tūranga o te Soviet Union. hoatu te USSR te mana katoa ki nga kaupae tuatahi i roto i te hōpara ātea, me "Kaupapa Marama" noa i kore te kaha e kore nga tikanga e kore te rave'a. Flying kaipōkai i runga i te marama i roto i te āhuatanga i taua i taea noa.

kore USSR u ki runga ki te mata o te amiorangi koutou tāngata o te whenua. Aha tupu te reira, kahore tetahi tino kore e taea e whakahoki kupu. Kua ngaro ngā kaihōpara pea Russian ratou moni, me te kore hiahia ki te tūhura rohe hou. E te wa i pau te nuinga o nga moni tohaina mo te hanga o tākirirangi me Pads whakarewatanga. Ko te astronauts, i faaineine ki rere, kua tino pukengatia, me te utu hanga o te kawe, rite te hanganga o te bomber hōia. I tua atu, i te kati o te "hōtaka kaupeka" - he utu nui pūtea. Na he aha kua whakatārewatia te Soviet Union me te United States whanaketanga i roto i tenei rohe?

tūhura o te Moon

Na he aha kua mutu ki rere ki te marama, he aha i kitea i runga i te mata? Hei tūhura i tākaha ari Kua whakapumautia sotaiete pūtaiao. Kei te tito te reira o anake kaimahi tino tohu e riro nui wheako me te mōhiotanga e hāngai ana. I whakapumautia tenei whakahaere mo te wa tuatahi i roto i te US i te tīmatanga o 1965. I roto i tenei wa, i tāutuhia ai, ka whakaritea he rota o ngā hano tatau, me ari tākaha i runga i te mata, me te āmionga kaupeka. Te nuinga o nga kōhikohiko e kore e hoatu e tika i roto i te whakamārama.

e kore te mea tetahi rere ki te marama i roto i te Ahakoa o tenei, kua mahia. i pai te mōhio o te ari tākaha te USSR me te United States, engari tonu te mahi. I te anga ke, ko te Pākatokato o moni nui, a ka hiahia maha pūtaiao ki te mohio he aha te reira, ko te ki te tiki i te iti rawa etahi mōhiohio.

He aha i taea e te ako?

Ko te misioni US ki te marama, kia rite ki te pai kia rite ki te rangahau o pūtaiao maha whakakitea i runga i te mata o te amiorangi to tatou paraneta a ari tākaha. Mō enei kōhikohiko i mohio Ameliká ko Russian. Heoi, kua kī maha astronauts e i runga i te mata o te marama puta mea rawa ngā, me te ke. I roto i tohua ratou hiko kanapa kore anake, engari ano hoki ngā o te marama, ia wā haere ki te ohuraa o te marama. i nui o ratou rahi. overflew ratou amiorangi o te whenua, a ka u. Otiia e kore e katoa te e.

I roto i 1968, te rau tau whakamutunga, i hanga te tuhinga, i huaina "rārangi karere wā o ngā kaupeka." kua I roto i te tūhura o te marama kua whakakitea e pā ana ki 579 kōhikohiko. Ko te rārangi ngā: ngaro ngā piere o faahiahia āhua āhuahanga o āhua auau, te rahi nui o te kikorangi, i te huri i te tae, tutaki tae, neke i te tere o e pā ana ki 6 kiromita ia haora, ngā Britain, me te pera atu.

haapurororaa tuatahi

A, no te whakarewahia NASA tetahi "Apollo", te whakaaro o i ko te taunga i runga i te marama, mataara maha hams mo te ia, whakarongo ki te waka mau a'oraa haapurororaa irirangi me Houston. nga tohu tuatahi o tenei ko te wa e kaiurungi rererangi whai tahi mea ki te huna me te kore e whakaotia. Ētahi hams i tawhiti atu rite Ahitereiria me Switzerland i taea ki te hopu i te astronauts whiriwhiringa i runga i ētahi atu iarere. korero te ngaru i muri o kaiurungi kore he pā ana ki ngā tītohunga rawa mārama.

Anake i muri i te 10 tau i Moris Shatlen, e ko te kaihanga o nga whakaaro kōrero mō "hōtaka kaupeka," uru e ko ia reira i roto i te mau a'oraa Houston ki astronauts. whakapumautia ia e Armstrong whakahuatia etahi taonga e haere tahi i te rererangi.

Ko te hunga e rere ana ki te marama, ka korero a te kōhikohiko tākaha. Tuatahi o te katoa, kua reira kua whakahuatia e kei etahi poraka tata rawa ki te pae tauranga. Etahi o nga taonga emit marama. Ko te tata taekore ka ahu i roto i waho ranei. Kua korero maha astronauts e pā ana ki te meka te tahi mea e kite, engari he whakamārama atu taipitopito o tenei e kore e taea e ratou te mea o te kawenata nondisclosure ohaurunga.

Kua muri kua he "hōtaka marama" i katia, kua uru NASA tohunga e neke atu i te 20 iwi, te mau melo o te ngā kauhoe, ite te aroaro o UFOs i runga i te mata o te marama. I tua atu, ki te Observatory whenua, i whakapumautia ai i haere tahi "Apollo 12" i te tahi mau taonga o te take mai extraterrestrial.

taunakitanga

te meka katoa whakahuatia i runga ake tohu e mohio rangatira NASA e i runga i te mata o te marama, ko te tahi mea hakari ngā, me te hano tatau ki te tangata. ngā haerenga muri me misioni "Apollo" - ko te whakamātau ki te ako i te kitenga, me te ki te matau he aha te mea te reira. Taunakitanga o tenei putanga he moka. kia Ko ētahi o ēnei tuhinga i te hopuāhua i i hanga J. arorangi. Wilson hoki e pā ana ki 10 tau i mua i te rere tuatahi. I roto i te pikitia e whakaaturia ahanoa 34, e totoro ana ki te mata kaupeka rere. Ahakoa kihai i aivanaa i taea ki te hoatu i te whakahoki whānui ki te pātai o te mea ko te reira.

ngaro Moon

He aha mutu rere ki te marama, ki te mata i pera maha mea ngā me te tatararaa? Urupare ki tenei pātai ko te tino uaua. I tua atu, he tokomaha mōhiohio e pā ana ki ngā runga i te marama whakarōpūtia ano. Otiia i nga puna e wātea ana, ka taea e kite koe i e i runga i te mata o to tatou paraneta amiorangi kia maha ari rerekē. Tenei e kite tatou tohu ke e i mahue, waka tino pea. I tua atu, i runga i te mata o te marama i kitea toka nui, e te hunga nehenehe o waho tetahi awhina pukapuka i roto o nga piere o. Kua kite astronauts ngā e rite waka, canyons ki tonu i te poraka kohatu, rua ki taha maeneene me koki tika, e tino faaore tona hanganga Koinei, me te ake.

hira taua ari. Pictures o ngā kerekere hanga reira taea ki te amo i taua vai te marama ranei te vai tonu puka ora maramarama. He maha pūtaiao whakapono e reira kia he ao katoa ki te tūhura kore e taea e raro i te mata o te pee'utari a Papatūānuku. I tua atu, ka kite he tokomaha pūtaiao me astronauts ngā luminous e e neke i roto i te ohuraa o te marama.

E ngā māngai korerotia i NASA

I roto i te Maehe 1996 i te parau o NASA i hanga ai, e kī e i runga i te marama (mahara) i reira he whare o te tahi atu mau taata e āwenewene. A, no te ui te aha kia roa huna katoa, pahono māngai o te whakahaere i ko reira uaua ki te whakaaro me pehea ki te ariu ki te taupori o te whenua i runga i taua tauākī. I tua atu, i reira e te tahi atu take.

E tano ia tapao e ara i muri i te whakapuakanga taua ki tuhinga maha kua Declassified. Katoa te tangata i runga i te whenua e taea te kite pikitia o ngā rerekē. Heoi, ko te rapu tangohia e hiahia ana koe ki te mohio i te maha tangohia o te whakaahua. Ako rite taua mōhiohio e kore te mea e taea. I tua atu, kei te pūranga maha whakaahua, mātakitaki kore he cheap nei.

Comments a kanohi

Tino ngā kōrero ki te katinga o te kaupapa "marama" hanga he kaihanga o "Apollo" Wernher von Braun. E ai ki a ia, i runga i te marama, i reira nunaa extraterrestrial e ô te taata ki te whakawhanake, he mana rahi. He teitei ki te puea i te rahi e kore anake, engari ano i roto i te hangarau o ratou kaipuke. E ai ki a Armstrong, te tangata i hanga noa te reira mārama e nohoia te rohe kei te. Ko reira hoki tenei take i mutu te rerenga ki te marama.

I roto i te mutunga

e kore e tokomaha matau he aha ki te huna raraunga e pā ana ki te marama. Ko te kitea o ngā puka ora extraterrestrial, me te tona urunga ki te whakapā homai ha faingamālie ki te tiki mōhiohio hou e ka whai wāhi ki te whanaketanga o ngā hangarau, te hanganga o patu hou, me te whakatuwheratanga o te pūngao atu. Ko e mo'oni, ko he nga tātaitanga o te mana e rua. No te tahi mau take, mutu matou flights katoa ki te marama, a mo neke atu i te 30 tau i runga i te mata toe i te ringa tangata. Heoi, kia rite ki kaipūtaiao, kua tae mai rere wāhi.