Ivan Fyodorov: biography o tona ora, whakaahua

whanau nga pūreretā pukapuka tuatahi i roto i Russia te ingoa Moskovitin. Heoi i matau uri rite Ivan Fedorov. Ko te haurongo o tenei tangata faahiahia tonu o ngā me haere, o nei he mea nui ki te whakanui i te kōrero tino nui. Enei rāpopoto poto o te ora o te tangata nui ka te pūtake mo te hanganga o ngā pukapuka i runga i te tumu parau "Ivan Fedorov haurongo mō ngā tamariki." ka kia ngā ki te tangata e paanga e i roto i te whanaketanga o te tuhinga Russian, matua hoki kaipānui taitama haurongo o tenei tangata. Haurongo Ivan Fedorov mō kia tirohia tamariki ki nga ngā matua o ona mahi hei hoa me te pionie. Oia mau, te whanaketanga o te reo Russian e kore e taea ki te whakaaro, kahore tānga. Na te ingoa o te Take o te pukapuka Russian - Ivan Fedorov.

tāhuhu tangata

tau ora pionie - 1510-1583. Ko te rā tangohia o te whanautanga o Ivan Moskovitina unknown. Ko te nuinga pea kihai i puta i runga i te ingoa whānau, me te wahi o te whanautanga tona ingoa. I te wa i huaina Russ i te kawanatanga iti, fakasiokālafi whakaritea ki Rzeczpospolita. Ko te rohe raki nui o hou Russia i te rau tau 16 i mohiotia ki tangata ke Muscovy.

Kei te mohiotia te reira e i te kuao tau, haere whānui Ivan, a ako i ngā whare wānanga Pākehā. reo matatini patua Pākehā Ivan Moskvitina - no te mea e te wa i te pukapuka tāngia kua mohiotia hoki i runga i te rau tau i roto i Europe. I rerekē i te mea i kite ai ia i te kāinga Ivan Fedorov taumata Mātauranga i ngā wā. e kore e Biography e oti, kahore kōrero e pā ana ki tana i mea ongo reira Europe.

Ko te whare tā tuatahi

kia He haurongo ngā Ivana Fedorova mō ngā tamariki e rārangi i runga i te wahi o te whare tā tuatahi, i tū i runga i te rohe o to matou whenua. whakatuwheratia te awheawhe te nene◊iraa tuatahi i roto i Moscow. E kaha ana te hono ona mahi ki te ingoa o tona rangatira, nei huaina ia Ivan Fedorov. haurongo Poto o tenei tangata tohu e ko tenei he mea pai kihai i tīmata ia tetahi, a tahi ki typographer me tona hoa, ko Petr Timofeevich Mstislavtsev tona ingoa. E ai ki te ture o Tsar Ivan te whakamataku, whakaputaina i roto i te tā i ngā pukapuka karakia. Te kawenga mō te perehi tā o te kingi i whakaritea Ivan Fedorov. haurongo Poto o ngā tamariki kia tohu ai ko te pūreretā tuatahi he Jack o ringarehe katoa - tapahia e ia he tānga mātanga, te whakamahi i te rākau pea poari, ka haere ia ki runga ki te kohinga o ngā momotuhi, whakapaipai ia ana pukapuka tuatahi.

"Te Aposetolo"

Tuatahi whakaputaina i huaina to ratou pukapuka "Te Aposetolo." e kore e taea e Haurongo Ivan Fedorov mō ngā tamariki tau'a ore i tēnei pukapuka ātaahua. ētahi Amazing, mārama momotuhi tā me whakaahua pai hanga tenei pukapuka he mahi o te toi.

E rave rahi o te "Aposetolo" putanga i roto i nga kōrero o te pūreretā. autaua ratou whakaatu ia he tangata tino mātauranga, matatau i roto i tikanga tuhituhi o te reo Russian i te wa. i hainatia te nuinga o nga kōrero noa, "Ivan Fedorov". haurongo Poto o tenei tangata me tika tohu e te pukapuka whakaputaina e ia i te wō o te kingi e kore anake. Ko te whāinga matua o te kaituhi ko ki te whakaputa i te pukapuka "i roto i te oaoaraa o te iwi Russian." Ko te tuatahi "apotoro" kua mahia ki te whakaae tonu o te Ekalesia, a ka whakaputaina ki te tohanga o kape 2,000. Kua ora te reira i kore ake atu i te 60 rarities.

"Breviary"

Te pukapuka tuarua, whakaputaina i roto i Moscow awheawhe te nene◊iraa i "Breviary." tonu ona kaituhi ki te kia Pita Mstislavets ko Ivan Fedorov. Haurongo Russian pukapuka-pūreretā torutoru tūnga i runga i tona pukapuka tuarua. Kei te mohiotia te reira e ko ia ano hoki he pukapuka fakalotu, ka kua uru ki te press ki te whakaae tonu o te Ekalesia Siu.

whakawhiti

e kore e e hāngai Biography Ivan Fedorov mō ngā tamariki i runga i te wā pouri o tona ora. Hoki te maha o ngā take tua atu tona mahi tā i roto i Moscow i ki te tahuri. Pea ko te take mo ratou haerenga raruraru fai e te toa hou Ivana Groznogo - te ngāué. rere ana te pūreretā tuatahi te Duchy Grand o Moscow, a noho i roto i te Duchy Grand o Lithuania, i roto i te pa Zabłudów, e te tū i tēnei wā i runga i te rohe o Poland. Kororia pūreretā tuatahi a tae enei wahi mamao - Fedorov me Mstislavets māfana oha i te marae o te Hetman Grigoriya Aleksandrovicha Hotkevicha. piri Big o Ofotokisií me te kaitautoko o te rangatiratanga o Duchy o Lithuania, tapaea ana e ia tana tiaki pūreretā tuatahi. Aita i maoro roa i whakaturia he awheawhe iti te nene◊iraa i raro i tona Tuhinga i roto i nei faaineine te tānga o ngā pukapuka i roto i te Ekalesia Slavonic.

"No te haapii i te evanelia"

Zabludovskii Ko te putanga tuatahi "ki te whakaako i te rongopai," whakaputaina i roto i te 1569. I muri wehe ana ara putanga pūreretā tuatahi - ka haere Mstislavets ki te pa o mua, a ka tangohia e nga manukanuka katoa e pā ana ki o te tā i te whakarau mo Ivan Fedorov. Haurongo o te wā o te ora whakaatu e kua te take kua hoatu i runga i te pūtake mārō, ka kitea nga pukapuka hou ratou kaipānui. He mea nui ki te mohio e i te wa o te pukapuka e kore te mea pera nui he puna o te matauranga, ka rite ki te tikanga o whakaurunga whakapaipai. ko te tino utu hua tāngia, ka te anaanatae hiahia te tangata taonga ki te haumi i te reira i roto i te pukapuka, e kore e tiaki e pā ana ki te mea i tuhituhia i roto i a ratou. Ko nga mea katoa i reira, "ki te haapii i te evanelia" i whakaaturia te angitu o tenei feinga, ka timata Ivan Fyodorov ki te whakaaro o te putanga hou o te pukapuka.

"Psalms"

1570 ko te pai o te wā katoa o noho i roto i Zdolbunov. I roto i puta mai i tēnei tau i roto i roto i ngā tau nui rongonui te "Psalms", whakapaipai frontispisnoy whakairo e tohu ana a Rawiri kingi o Iharaira. Tenei Ko tetahi o nga pukapuka tino whakapaipai Fedorova, i whakatapua e ia ki tona kaiwhakaruruhau - i runga i tetahi o nga whārangi tohu o Khotkevych. Kia aroha mai, ora to matou wa wha anake kape o te pukapuka - e rua o ratou he i roto i te Western Europe - kotahi i roto i Russia me kotahi - i roto i te Ukraine.

Ko te Union o Lublin hoatu Hetman Khotkevych i roto i te tūranga uaua. kihai i taea e ia te tautoko te mahi faufaa o tā, ka i takoha ki te whakakahore tautoko Fedorov me rironga ko. mahue pukapuka pūreretā hoa Zabłudów ka oho ki te pa. Ko te kupu ka timata te wā o tona mahi i roto i Lviv.

I roto i te 1574, i te tuatahi i roto i Ukraine awheawhe te nene◊iraa whakaturia i roto i Lviv. Na ano te kapu kaituhi, kaipānuiwhakatika me te ētita ko reira Ivan Fedorov. e hei Haurongo mō ngā tamariki tino ki te whakauru i te hoki ki tona hanganga pukapuka-pūreretā tuatahi - i timata ano Lviv tona pukapuka tuatahi "Te Aposetolo". I roto i te Lviv Fedorov kihai i whai ahau te moni tetahi tūnga ranei, na Lviv "apotoro" - ko te tuatahi o nga pukapuka Fedorova, e kua ona ake whakaputa waitohu tenei. Here, whakaputaina te pukapuka wetereo tuatahi i roto i Russian, i huaina "ABC".

Jobs i roto i Konstantina Ostrozhskogo

Neke atu i te wa, i mahue te waimarie te pionie, a i roto i Lviv, ka anga ia ki te whai i te taime pūtea. I takoha ia ki te haukoti i ona mahi me te ki te farii i te aniraa o te tycoon taonga, me te whai mana - Prince Konstantina Ostrozhskogo. whakamanuhiritia Prince te iwi mātauranga me maiohatia ratou hapori, na kua karapotia reira e te hononga i waenganui i te iwi o pūtaiao arahina e Gerasim Smotritskaya. He ngāue Ostroh Academy, e tino hiahiatia ana ona ake "Drukarnya" - no te mea i roto i aua ra i huaina ko awheawhe te nene◊iraa. Here rave Ivan Fedorov i te faaineineraa o te whakaputanga o ahurei Bible i i ki taumarumaru wātea katoa i te wa o tānga te Parau a te Atua.

I roto i te 1580 tukua Ostroh whare tā te Faufaa New ki Psalms. Heoi i reira ko he "pukapuka-i te kohinga o nga mea nainuzhnyh", fa'u e Timothy M. Ivan Fedorov. kia tohu Haurongo mō ngā tamariki ki te tirotiro o tenei tuku. Ko te "pukapuka .." ko he rārangi poto o etahi kīanga i te Faufaa New, ki te tohu o to ratou wāhi i runga i te whārangi o te Evanelia. hoahoa Interesting "pukapuka" - he whakaputanga cover whārangi whakapaipai kuwaha nui, ani manihini te kaipānui ki te kitea e te ao o ngā pukapuka.

Ostrog Bible

O te akoranga, ko te putanga tino rongonui o Ivan Fedorov i tenei wā te Ostroh Bible. Tenei mahi faahiahia ko te ahurea tuku iho o nga iwi Slavic katoa, ka whāwhā i te tā toi. Ki te i tetahi ki te whakaputa i te pukapuka "Ivan Fedorov. haurongo poto mō te tamariki "- photo Ostrog Bible tika kua faaunauna tona uwhi. Mea rawa rima putanga o tenei pukapuka nui. whakaritea Ivan Fedorov ana mau ohipa pūtea, ka hoki ana ki te pa i runga i te tihi o te ao. Here tamata ia ki anō-whakatuwhera te awheawhe te nene◊iraa, engari mate kore ana e kite i te hua o to ratou kaha. Lviv ki te whakatuwhera i te whare tā i te tamariki i te whai wāhi ki te pionie me ana akonga. i tanumia Fedorov i urupā Onufrievskom tata te temepara. tonu te Tama me akonga pionie tika Ivan Fedorov mahi, engari kihai i tae te rongo o tona kaiwhakaako.