Pūrere Semiconductor Amazing - he ngōhiko kauhanga

A, no te ako i te huarahi o te whakatika i te AC i te pae o te whakapā o taiao e rua rerekē - te Semiconductor me te whakarewa, kua reira kua hypothesized e te hāngai ai ki runga ki pera-ka karanga poka o kawe tiaki. Heoi, i taua wa (1932) i te taumata o te whanaketanga o te hangarau Semiconductor kore e whakaaetia ki te whakaū i te tāpae kōrero empirically. Anake i roto i te 1958, i taea ki te whakaū i te reira tīrama, te hanga i te ngōhiko kauhanga tuatahi i roto i te aamu i te kaiputaiao Japanese Esaki. Ngā mihi ki tona kounga mīharo (hei tauira, tere), kua ngā tenei hua te aro o mātanga i roto i ngā mara hangarau. Ko reira utu ki te whakamārama e te ngōhiko - he pūrere hiko, i te mea he rōpū o te tinana kotahi o rauemi rerekē e rua he momo rerekē o te kawe ia. Na reira, ka taea e nāianei hiko rere i roto i te reira i roto i te ahunga kotahi anake. Te huri i nga hua wehenga tawhiti i roto i "kati" o te ngōhiko me te whakapiki ake i tona resistance. Te whakanui ake i te ngaohiko arata'i ki te "raru".

Fakakaukau ki he founga te ngōhiko kauhanga. Classic rectifier pūrere Semiconductor whakamahi i te karaihe he maha o poke kore neke atu i te 10 i 17 tohu (tohu -3 henemita). A mai he e pā ana tika ki te maha o kawe tiaki noa tenei tawhā, huri i te reira i roto i e kore e taea e nui atu i te rohe i tohua te mua.

He ko he tātai e taea ki te whakatau i te matotoru o te rohe takawaenga (whakawhitinga PN):

L = ((E * (Uk-U)) / (2 * Pi * q)) * ((Na + nd) / (Na * nd)) * 1050000,

i reira Na ko nd - maha o ngā kaituku ionized me acceptors, aua; Pi - 3,1416; q - te uara o te tiaki irahiko; U - tono ngaohiko; Uk - rerekētanga i roto i moe, i te tauwhiro; E - uara o te taimau uruhanga.

He putanga o te tātai, ko te meka e mo te PN whakawhiti ngōhiko āhuatanga kaha mara iti puāwaitanga me te matotoru ngā nui. E taea te tiki i ngā irahiko i te rohe free, Me ratou pūngao tāpiri (homai i te waho).

E whakamahia te p Tunnel i roto i to ratou hanganga taua momo o Semiconductors, e whakaputa ke i te ihirangi poke ki te 10 ki te 20 tohu (tohu -3 henimita), i te mea he tikanga rerekē i te mea puāwaitanga. arata'i tenei ki te whakaiti whakaari i roto i te matotoru o te whakawhiti, te hua koi o te kaha mara i roto i te rohe PN me, no reira, takanga o te kauhanga raro whakawhiti ka tomo i te irahiko ki te ropu honohono, e kore e hiahia pūngao atu. Tenei puta no te mea te taumata pūngao o kore e te matūriki huri ki te arai irava. Ko ngāwari taiea i te noa o ona te ngōhiko kauhanga raro āhuatanga wae-wae iahiko. hanga ana tēnei pānga i te ahua o te puhake i runga taua mea - tōraro resistance pārōnaki. Nā ki tenei poka e whānui te p whakamahia i roto i ngā pūrere tiketike-auau (hanga matotoru āputa whakaiti PN te pūrere taua he-tere tiketike), taputapu ruri tika, generators, a, o te akoranga, rorohiko.

Ahakoa nāianei ka te pānga kauhanga raro taea ki te rere i roto i ngā tohutohu e rua, i tika tūhono te mānukanuka ngōhiko i roto i nga piki rohe whakawhiti, te whakaiti i te maha o ngā irahiko e taea o te irava poka ko. arata'i ngaohiko hua ki te ngaro oti o te nāianei poka, me ko te pānga anake i runga i ruia ana noa (rite i roto i te ngōhiko matarohia).

He he ano hoki tetahi atu māngai o taua whakaaro - ngōhiko whakamuri. tohu te reira i te ngōhiko kauhanga taua, engari ki te āhuatanga rereke. Ko te rerekētanga ko e te uara kawe ia o te hononga whakamuri, i roto i nei te pūrere whakatika i mua "kiia", he reira ki runga ake i roto i tika. Ko te toe āhuatanga hāngai ki te ngōhiko kauhanga: mahi, iti whaiaro haruru-, te kaha ki te tika i te wae tāupe.