Romashkinskoye mara: whakaahuatanga, hītori, ngā āhuatanga me ngā āhuatanga

Romashkinskoye hinu mara ko tetahi o tekau supergiant i runga i te whakarōpū te ao. I roto i te whakawhanake tikanga o te hanga hinu , kua hanga kaipūtaiao Russian kua hanga he maha o ngā āhuatanga i te hangarau ahurei e whakamahia ana i roto i te ao o te keri me te kohuke tūhura. whakahaeretia ana te mara e neke atu i te ono tekau tau, engari he nui tonu tona pūmanawa, me te kore e mohiotia tino.

Opening o Tatar hinu

I roto i te pia ma o te rau tau whakamutunga ki te take o te kāwanatanga Soviet tuatahi i timata te Tatar hinu tūhura. Ko te ope tuatahi i haere i runga i te misioni ki te kitea te mara, kihai i i angitu, engari i roto i te 1930 he huarahi ki te tūhuratanga hei kua atu arotahi me te hihiri. I pā he nganatanga hou ki nga ngā mahi hōia, me te riri o te ärai i te putunga Germany Te Tai Tokerau.

I roa te rapu, ka anga nga wheako tuatahi o te tūhura hinu anake i roto i te 1941. E toru tau i muri mai, i roto i te rohe Shugurovo o te kainga, me te kōhao o te puna te whakahaere ki te tiki i te rere o te hinu tauine ahumahi - 15 taranata ia ra. ka te mara tona ingoa i te kainga e tata ana i te pai whakawhanakehia te. mara Shugurovskoe, ko te wāhi tīmata i roto i te aamu o te hinu Tatar ka tunua he ohorere nui mo nga discoverers.

Romashkino tata Giant

kitea Romashkinskoye hinu mara i roto i te tau 1946. Kei te te Rapa hanga hea kua nei Tatarstan tetahi o nga rohe ahumahi tino nui? E rua tekau kiromita i Shugurovskogo oilfield, e tata ana te kainga Romashkino (ko konei inaianei te pa o Leninogorsk). Kua pai te take ite i whakatakotoria, i muri i nga tau e rua o te kōhao hua hua e kua nui ngā tūmanako katoa. I roto i te mahi rangahau i taea ki te haere i te hanganga Devonian, a ki runga ki Hōngongoi 25 i te borehole piro puna nama o te hinu, nui atu i 120 taranata o te hanga ia ra.

kawea whakatuwhera Romashkinskoye mara oilmen Stalin paraihe. Kua whakaaturia ngā muri te pūmanawa o putunga hinu e Shugurovskoe mara he wahi Romashkinskoye me hanganga pupuru tūturu ko te multilayer. Ki te hinu i runga i te tauine arumoni tīmata i roto i te 50s.

Ka rite ki tahuri reira i roto i muri mai, kua kitea tohunga pūtaiao tetahi o nga putunga tino ngaro. whakatau tata tuatahi o putunga tata i 710 miriona tana o te hinu, i tēnei wā tae production toru piriona taranata. Tohunga mōhio he tu'unga pumanawa o puna, e e ia wā riringi, ka whakakiia ano, ki te whakamārama i tēnei āhuatanga kia kore tetahi e taea tawhiti.

āhuatanga o

I muri e mau ana i roto i te ako nui-tauine o te whenei hinu-whanau pea, pūtaiao ofi ange ki he mahara ki pehea ahu me aha pea e pupuri ana i te mara Romashkinskoye. Whakaahuatanga tohu nekeneke pā reira ki take Soksko-Sheshminskomu. rōrahi i whakarite arowhenua o te hinu rite ki te rima piriona taranata, me te maha tika o te rakau rāhui, me te tangohia rauemi raw ko e toru piriona taranata. Ko te hohonu i i whakamana i hoahoa hou, e kore neke atu i te 1.8 kiromita. He āwhiwhiwhi āhuatanga me kua oti te whakarite i roto i te km 65 x 75. Ko te rōrahi o ia puna tīmata ra ko e pā ana ki e rua rau taranata.

Romashkinskoye hinu mara i tenei ra ngā tata e rua rau putunga hinu tāutuhia. Ko te kiato o te hinu masivesivá ko 0.8 g / cm³ - 0,82 g / cm³, ai te aroaro o te whanariki me ona wāhanga ko e pā ana ki te 2%. I roto i te mara whanaketanga kua whakaurua me vnutrikonturnogo tikanga paenga te tono inaianei waipuke i roto i te mahi o maina hinu ao. Ko te pa o Almetyevsk te pokapū o te hinu production o te parae.

āhuatanga

Romashkinskoye whakapataritari mara hinu multilayer raro whanaketanga he maha nui o innovations,'ilo me apî hangarau. I roto i te nui rawa Faarii hinu mara Russian, tapatapahi, whakaritea tata whakapae, faaite i tenei "porowhita" toka paru uruhanga iti. he kōhikohiko te raupapatanga, a ka kua te moni tāpui nui o tokauku hinu me te uruhanga wai iti.

Kei te Maori e te kamupene "Tatneft" i teie nei. mara Romashkinskoye. Whanaketanga o te waikura ā-tino uaua o pipelines, e tika ana ki te parekura nui o te whakarewa, pipelines putanga o mahi wawe. Tēnei āhuatanga waiwaro rohe titau taputapu aroturuki tonu, hanga utu nui pūnaha kohikohi hinu, me te arata'i ki parahanga kaha. Hei tauira, whakaatu ana tātaritanga o tohu o te kore o te hinu huihuinga pūnaha kamupene NGDU Irkenneft mō te 1999 27% o ngā rahunga katoa e pā ana ki te waikura ā e.

Romashkinskoye hinu mara kua tetahi āhuatanga: whakamana aratau waterflooding te ki te wai e kore e anake, engari ki te whakaritenga motuhake. Ki te whakaki i te whakamahi tūtohutia o wai i roto i te hanganga i kei te hinu, me te 20 mg / l, rino, me te 2 mg / l, me te totoka iri o e pā ana ki 16 mg / l, me te rahi o te muri e kore me nui te rahi o e pā ana ki 10 microns.

āhua o nāianei

Ki te rā, kitea te Republic o Tatarstan i nui atu i te kotahi rau putunga o waiwaro, he tonu Romashkinskoye hinu mara te nui rawa. I roto i te wā katoa i roto i Tatarstan hinu mäminga i runga i te 3 piriona taranata, he tikanga ake atu i te 70% te rahi Romashkinskoye awa keri. Mai i nga rire o te mara tīpakohia ki runga 2.2 piriona toni, e te tikanga te hanga o rahui 85%.

E ai ki te whakapono rongonui i roto i te heke mai tata, ara i roto i 2065, kua rēhitatia i runga i te toenga o te rakau Romashkinskoye Rapa ka kia tino keri. I te wā hakari kua whakaritea reira tūhura anō o ngā rauemi kohuke, whakataki o hangarau hou e ka whakawhānui i te hanga ki te 2200. E ai ki pūtaiao rangahau tata i roto i te mara o te hinu te tonu whangai i nga rire, engari no te mea atu production wā te.

tirohanga

Nature, rite te Genie i te korero patupaiarehe - hangaia e tetahi ringa, te tahi atu ano te. Puta i te reira e kore paparanga hinu āhua anake, engari ratou whakangaromanga e arahi ki te hanganga o te hinu taimaha me uku. hinu Light Paleozoic whakatika whakarunga me e oxidized, hua i roto i te "tupare ki" puta e tonu nga papa o raro o te hinu. Scientists whakapono e te āhuatanga rite i roto i te nuinga o mara hinu o Tatarstan, e kore hāunga Romashkinskoye mara. ka, no te te Rapa? I runga i tenei take i taea e te whakautu ōkawa hei te muri i roto i te 2026, engari tango ki pūkete te rangahau hou - i roto i te rau tau torutoru.

kamupene whanaketanga

"Tatneft" kamupene mo te maha o ngā tekau tau, ko te kaiwhakawhanake anake Romashkinskoye mara. Mō 60% o te katoa hanga o te koura pango i roto i ngā pūkete te kamupene o mo Romashkinskoye NM, te toenga o te hanga e wahi i te Novo-Elkhovskoye, Bondyuzhanskom, Sabanchinskoye, Bavly, Pervomaisky mara.

Ko te kamupene utu aro nui ki te whanaketanga me te introduction o huarahi hou i roto i te maina, me te hinu tūhura, e whakamatauria hangarau auaha, tino rite pūnaha me mihini. I roto i te 2006, ki te raihana te whakawhanake i te mara hoki Romashkinskoye PJSC "Tatneft" kua atu ra ano 2038.

tauwehe taiao

Ka tīpako i te hinu i Romashkinskoye mara rite tetahi atu awenga i runga i te āhuatanga rū i roto i te rohe. Te whanaketanga atu kaha, te teitei te mōrea o ngā rū whenua. E ai ki ngā kitenga i roto i te tahi mau tau, i reira ko he-tau e whitu tekau ngā rū i roto i te whanaketanga o te rohe. i runga i te taiao hoki e pēhia tukanga tukunga e haere tahi i te mahi o tetahi matatini ahumahi hinu. matū kino, me te paitini ki te rangi, te oneone, whakapokea te wai.

Company PJSC "Tatneft" hanga kaha katoa ki te tiaki i te mātauranga rauropi o te whakawhanake i Romashkinskoye mara. mohio History kua puta ke maha ati te toenga o te natura, a no te mea e rapu ana mahi Russian ki whakaiti i te mau hopearaa.

mōhiohio Poto e pā ana ki te kamupene

I roto i te 1950, i hanga te Kaunihera USSR o Minita te Production me Hangarau Association "Tatneft". Ko te tūnga hou o tuwhera kamupene kararehe tahi, riro te kamupene i roto i te 1994.

He āhua kaipupuri 45.746 pakihi me takitahi. Ko te nui rawa o ratou:

• JSC "Depository National Whakataunga" (neke atu i te 47% o nga hea).
• JSC "Depository Central o te Republic o Tatarstan" (e pā ana ki 33.6% o nga hea).
• ltd Oao Lukoil Neseas Holding acm, he āpiti o te kamupene "Lukoil" (e pā ana ki 7.3% o te hea).
• AO Feisen Bank International (a tawhio noa 6% o te hea).

Tumu - Maganov Nail Ulfatovich, Tiamana o te Poari Whakahaere - Minnihanov Rustam Nurgilievich.