Waikawa Terephthalic: āhuatanga matū, te faaineineraa, me te tono

māngai nui o pūhui kakara polycarboxylic he pārōnaki phthalic waikawa kanohi e etahi poinanaha - Ortho-poinanaha (tika, waikawa phthalic), meta-poinanaha (waikawa isophthalic) me para-poinanaha (terephthalic). Katoa o tenei rōpū o matū e whakamahia ana rawa whānui i roto i ngā mara ahumahi.

waikawa Terephthalic - paura, tioata te huitahi parakore whiwhi i roto i te tauhohe pitihāoratanga wāhanga wai o paraxylene i te aroaro o tai konukurahina uaki kaiwhakakökï. Ko te pāhekoheko o te taonga ki te momo o waiwaihā arata'i ki te hanganga o te matū mea pena; te rōpū hākawa. Ko te tono i ngā nui rawa he dimethyl terephthalate.

Ko hoki waikawa Terephthalic hāngai mo te kōtuitui o polyethylene terephthalate (PET) - he waerau wera-ātete mārama whiwhi e te tauhohenga polycondensation o te taonga ki te ethylene glycol. Na i hua ai ipu kirihou, weu pareaku terilenovoy Group, pai ake mohiotia i raro i te ingoa "pareaku", me te he momo o ngā tākainga mo te ahumahi kai, wāhanga hiko, me te ngā momo o te taputapu.

E ai ki o ratou āhuatanga matū rite ki te terephthalic pūhui monocarboxylic waikawa. Ia i runga i whakawera i raro i te mana o ranei, pera-ka karanga matū dehydrating ngā hanga tai, hākawa, matatini hanganga rāpoi, anhydrides, amides, pērā i ngā rōpū kotahi e rua ranei carboxyl. tomo hoki waikawa Terephthalic ki te tauhohe hākawatanga, rite ki te hua o nei te ki Pālesi me diesters e hanga e. Ki runga ki whakawera o te rauemi tioata ki te pāmahana e kore iti iho i te rua rau nga nekehanga kitea decarboxylation ki te hoatu pūhui kei roto i te maha iti o ngā rōpū carboxyl. Heoi, ko te tauhohenga i roto i te whakakai Taupāhohe whakauru electrophilic tīmata ki te puta ki te uaua nui.

kitea noatia waikawa Phthalic i ngarahu matomato o otaota me pākākano nani. O ona pärönaki ko nga pūhui dibutyl Etere me dimethyl phthalate tino nui, e kua whakamahia rite plasticizers o ngā hua cellulose, waerau vinyl me rubbers. Ano, dimethyl, diethyl me dibutyl phthalate he wāhanga faufaa o repellents rerekē.

Kei te whānui whakamahia waikawa Isophthalic i te hanga o te hamanga resins pareaku. Mai isophthalates he plasticizers pai. Heoi, ko te tono nui o rōpū benzenepolycarboxylic o pūhui he waikawa terephthalic ano, e whakamahia nei mo te kōtuitui o ngā matū nui mo te ahumahi rite polyethylene terephthalate me dimethyl terephthalate. E whakamahia ratou mo te hanga o whitiki o tikanga rerekē, taura, whitiki nekeneke, kupenga, rā, rewa, trawls, penehīni me ngongo nefteustoychivyh, toromoka "uira", aho o rackets tēnehi, a nui atu. Ano, te miro pueru maeneene i roto i nei hanga o te taonga e whakamahia ana, poraka hua, ngā kiko (mingo, Tweed, satin, me ētahi atu), Kotahi hua, uarua, matua me te kākahu rauemi, hāte, tokena, kakahu o ngā tamariki etc.

Roto i te whakamutunga, kia tuhia te reira e te raupapa benzenepolycarboxylic waikawa katoa he matū tino pukuriri, me te paitini. Na reira, kua piri tonu reira ki te Rau Material Raraunga Safety, e ngā nga āhuatanga katoa me ngā āhuatanga o te pūhui, me te te tukanga me ngā ture mō te mahi ki a ratou.