Abul Khair Khan me tona taitahi

I roto i te 1718 puta he hui, i meinga te taahiraa matamua ki hono nga whenua Kazakh ki Russia - ka mate a Taukē Khan, te rangatira nui rawa o te kāwanatanga kotahi kotahi, me te kaha. Ka rite ki te hua, kaitono uaua hoki te mana i wehea te whenua ki toru motuhake mātauranga iwi, ka karanga te teitei, zhuzami waenganui, me te teina. Ko te upoko o te Horde Little - Abul Khair Khan - takaro he wāhi nui i roto i te whakatūnga o te Kaitiaki Russian.

Raruraru meinga e separatism

i muri tonu i te parariraa o te Khanate ka haere mai nga wa pakeke. Ngoikore, i ko te hua o te separatism, ka mau tonu te painga o te noho tata pukuriri koraha. Junior Horde, te whenua e toro ki te wahi uru o katatānga hakari-ra, i whakaekea e te iwi djungars hanga te rongo ki a Russia, engari e kore e ki te aukati i te marau konihi i runga i o ratou hoa. ka tino te āhuatanga.

I roto i te 1730, i muri i tetahi atu raupapa o marau, aru e te tono tuatahi o Khan Abulhair ki te mana Russian mō te tauturu i roto i repelling te fakaaoao. Ka rite ki te tohu o te mauruuru, i korero ia Anne Ioannovne te mutunga o te haumi hōia, whakarite i te haumaru o rohe Russian. Heoi, i mea a St Petersburg e āwhina i roto i te whawhai ki whakaae Dzhungars, engari anake ki te tomokanga te whakangaromia rohe Abulhair i raro i te Protectorate Russian.

Tāurunga i raro i te tiaki Russian

whakaae Abul Khair Khan enei tikanga, ahakoa te meka i tangohia e tau'atāina o tona iwi ratou whakatinanatanga. I roto i tenei take, i te wāhi takaro i tona hao ngako, me te inoino mo te meka e muri i te matenga o te nui rawa Khan Tauken i pōtitia ia rite tona riiwhi. Na roto i te whakaae ki te mea patunga tapu mana arii motu, tumanako-hoki tenei kaitōrangapū hunga kotiti raraunga whiwhi i te taurangi tuku Russian Khanate ana te kainga tika.

E kore e haere atu i a ia, me te ariki o te Middle Horde - khan Abulmambet. whakahaere ia ki te tiki i te tangata whenua no Roma o rua mana nui - Russia me China. ka karanga tona kaupapa o pōhēhē a i waenganui nga whenua e rua kei te "i waenganui i te raiona, me te taika." Elder Horde i taua wa kihai i taea te mahi i tetahi mea rite rawa i raro i te mana o te Kokand Khanate i tangohia o tona ake reo.

Ko te misioni o te hautoa Russian

I roto i te 1731, ka e topa i te rangatira Kazakh i hinana tōrangapū me te rapu mō huarahi ki te whakatau horihori whaiaro, tae ratou i St Petersburg Ambassador - Count AI Tevkelov. I roto i te whakahaere i te misioni i tukua ki a ia faariri Ioannovnoy, ka huihuia e ia Oketopa 10 te māngai tino whai mana o zhuzes waenganui, me te teina, me te tautoko Abulhair Khan, e tohu ana i te Junior Horde, whakaae ratou o nga painga e kua korerotia e ratou urunga ki raro i te Kaitiaki Russian.

Tona hautoa ko he angitu, me i te mutunga o tenei Congress khans, tu ana i te zhuzes matenga, a ka oati noa e rua tekau-whitu rangatira o te ana'iraa iti i runga i te Koran i pono Anne Ioannovne. Tenei mahi ko te tika ture mō te hono i te whenua Kazakh ki Russia, ahakoa ko reira tonu matara atu i te tomokanga whakamutunga o te piringa o te ekara rua-upoko.

Kua awhinatia Alliance ki Russia Kazakhs Dzhungarian te tu atu i te whakaeke. I roto i te wā o te whakanui ake ratou marau i roto i te tau 1738-1741, te ope, i hanga o ngā māngai o zhuzes waenga, me te teina, ki te tautoko o nga mua mahi te hoariri i te torutoru mate kuru. I roto i enei kaupapa, arahina ko te teina o te Khan o juz Middle nga ope ngā - Abylai. I roto i te 1741, i riro i roto i tetahi o nga whawhai ia, a anake te Orenburg whakahaere wawaotanga ki te pupuri i a ia ora, ka hoki ki te tikanga herekore.

Ko te mutunga o te rangatira rongonui o te ora

kore kua Abul Khair Khan i kaha ki te katoa e toru Kazakh Horde, ahakoa whawhai hoki aoniu mo nga tau maha. Ko te whanuitanga o nga steppes nui titaria rongo tona rite he rangatira mata'u ore, me te hoa o te kahore iti rongonui Khan Abylai. Heoi, kua hanga taua rongonui i roto i te iwi hae o maha rangatira Kazakh. Ko tētahi o ratou - Barack Sultan - hoatu he rota o te kaha ki te turaki i tana hoariri. Rua o ratou, he he 'ulungaanga kanapa whai mana, whakangahau tahi i te tahi mauahara tahi. ko te take mo te denouement fakamamahi tenei.

tuhinga Whatahoro te mohiotia reira e i roto i August 1748 Abul Khair Khan, tahi e iti kaitiaki i hoki mai i Orsk Pourewa. I te ara i tatari ia mo te pehipehi whakaturia e Paraka me ana hoa.

I roto i te pakanga taurite muri i patua te matenga o te Little Horde. tanumia Abulhair tata te pūruatanga o te awa Kabyrga me Olkeyka. Kei wahi tenei kei te waru tekau kiromita i Turgai - tetahi o nga pa o Aktobe rohe.

mahara iwi

I teie mahana, meinga tenei wahi kua tetahi o nga urupa o te hītori o katatānga. I roto i te iwi e kiia ana ko Han Molas, i whakamaoritia te tikanga "te urupa o Khan." I roto i te Mahuru 2011, te Komiti i runga i Pūtaiao i te kāwanatanga o te whenua i roto i te anga o te hōtaka, e tuatapapa i te kingitanga o Khan Abulhair, tīmataria te Tuhinga o ana kōiwi. whakapumautia te whakamātautau ira whakamana ratou tūturutanga, i te mea tino nui mai te mea tetahi o nga marohirohi, te faaturaraa i te mahara kei te tipu haere o nei nga tau.

Ko nga uri o Khan

I muri i te matenga o tana tama, Abulhair Nuraly ka Khan Juz Younger, a, rite tona papa, i rapu he haumi ki te hoa kaha, me te mana - Russia. Maha rite ana mokopuna taka ano i roto i te hōkai o te Poari o Higher Khanate.

He taipitopito pākiki: tetahi o nga uri tawhiti Abulhair, Gubaydulla, ka he ahua rongonui i roto i te hōia Russian i roto i te kingitanga o Alexander II. Ka ora noa 1909, haere atu ia tupuna whānui, me te mohio kaieke o motu Signal Corps. Ia Abul Khair Khan, tona haurongo titau tonu i roto i-hohonu ako, noho ake i roto i te mahara o ona iwi.