Tama'i "Empress Maria". Ko te mate o te tama'i "Empress Maria"

He tonu o mea ngaro te hītori o te ope manuao huri noa te ao. he mīhini taua matatini rite te manuao, ki tonu i te taputapu, patu, me waka, te whāwhā tano ore e taea e arahi ki te mate o te oko. Ko tenei tonu e kore e whakamārama katoa. Disaster maha pera memeha noa me te tauine e korero ana huru katoa, i reira he kahore tetahi. Ko te paenga o te puranga o te whakarewa miro, te tikanga e takoto ana i runga i te raro, pera he tino uaua te tūhuratanga, me te māramatanga o te take. Heoi i reira ki "Fuso" kaipuke Japanese, "Congo," "Mutsu", "Yamato", dreadnoughts American "Arizona", te cruiser Italian "Roma" Soviet "Marat", Ingarihi "Barham" me "Hood". I roto i te martyrology wā kaumātua tapiritia ia "Novorossiysk". Ko te mate o te tama'i "Empress Maria" i roto i te Oketopa, 1916 kia pai kia pēnei ki te uaua ki te whakamārama meka hītori.

tama'ii pai Rangatū

Anga ke ki te whakaaro rongonui, faataa te takenga o nei e te huarahi motuhake o te feia faatere o te Soviet Party ki hītori mua-pāhoro motu, kihai i te Russian Empire he whenua whakamuri. Ko te whakatuwheratanga o to tatou kaiputaiao ake i roto i te taonga o te pūtaiao ao. Kua whakawhanakehia Engineers hiko Russian pūnaha mana supply toru-wāhanga tuatahi o te ao, whakaaro te pūkaha arataki me te hononga ahokore. Kua enei whakatutukitanga katoa tono i roto i te hoahoa o kaipuke hou o te Navy Imperial, whakarewahia ki production i roto i 1911. He ko e toru: te tama'i "Empress Maria" riro te tuatahi o ratou. "Empress Ekaterina Velikaya" me "Te Hiha Alexander III o" i roto i te whānui faahiti ana whakaaro, ahakoa, ko maha rite te take, tango ki pūkete te hanga e puta ana i roto i te tukanga ahumahi o whakaaro hou. kua i roto i te puna o 1914 kua whakarewahia te wae upoko. A i te momeniti pai. II 'a Māmaní, i timata ki te matā ngali ohorere whatitiri i Sarajevo, rite te ohorere mau kihai i. patopato Battleships "Empress Maria" nui hāngai te toenga o te mana i runga i te whare tapere moana e kiia o ngā mahi hōia. kaipuke Russian Tsushima ora patunga.

ingoa whero

riro kaipuke Series ingoa o na taata kingi o te State Russian. Te mea faahiahia, anake te tama'i "Empress Maria" i ko Black Moana Fleet kua i roto i te kororia o te ora, Welcome i te wa o Alexander III o te pouaru, nee Danish Princess Louise Sophia Frederika Dagmar, kua meinga te konohi Russian tūturu, i te ara, ahakoa tona take mai ke. Heoi, tenei kua tupu kua, he reira rawaka ki haamana'o Catherine te nui, ka tetahi tama'i o te momo kotahi tona ingoa. Te kore te feaa, tenei te wahine tika tenei kororia, haunga, ko te whaea o Nicholas II ia. He nui tōna tūranga i roto i te hītori Russian, me te kaha o te huru, te aroha, me te tika o te ora pai te whakataetae ki te ataahua o waho.

Maria Feodorovna Ko fakamamahi te whakarau, ka mate ia i tona whare i roto i Denmark (1928), i te wa ano i roto i te whakarau, me te personifying ia he wahi o te Russian, nei i te whai wāhi ki te kai i te taro kawa o te whenua tangata ke, "mahue kahore parāoa." A i mua i ngaro ia ia iwi aroha, me te tata: e rua nga tama, he tamahine, e wha nga mootua tamahine, me te mokopuna.

Āhuatanga o te kaipuke

Tama'i "Empress Maria" ko te kaipuke i roto i te tikanga katoa faahiahia. I te whakawhanake tere te reira i te tere tata 24 knots (40 km / h) te utanga e rua mano. T waro me 600 taranata o te hinu kora he mana motuhake i roto i te waru nga ra, ngā te rōpū o 1260 heramana me rangatira. tipu Power - momo mīhini huri hiko, ngā reira o ngā mīhini e rua ki te 10 000 rita. he.

Battleships - he momo motuhake o te taputapu manuao, to ratou he taumata tiketike o patu pū. i rite rawa wha taumaihi ki toru pū 12-inihi (hanga rongonui wheketere Obukhov) ia. I tua atu ki te pūhiko matua, i te aroaro reira me mau pŭpŭ tauturu, i roto i te nui o 32 nga wahi. Enei pu i tikanga rerekē, i roto i a ratou anti-rererangi, i tohu i te kaha o Engineers Russian whakaaro i roto i te tirohanga, me te tango ki te pūkete te tipu riri o te whakaeke rangi. He ko tetahi āhuatanga hoahoa e titore te tama'i "Empress Maria". i hanga drawings superstructures ki pūkete mo tetahi hua i roto i te rängai o te ahi, na te kaha o te pakunga iti ti'aturi i runga i te koki o te whanaunga ūnga ki te auau.

Ngä Torpedo korere kei raro te waterline, ko reira he paetae orurehau i te wa. tinana Tinea matotoru apa patu 250 mm o, a ka tiakina ai e te rahoraho. kupu motuhake tika me te pūnaha supply hiko o te kaipuke. Tama'i "Empress Maria" energizes te dynamos ono (i tenei ra e karangatia e ratou generators). Katoa mīhini taimaha tītaka pūkaha hiko, i roto i ngā, i runga i ia pourewa pū i 22 nga wahi.

e kawe te kaipuke taua i roto i te misioni whawhai, ara i roto i to tatou wa.

Kia pehea te whawhai ia tama'i

I roto i te ngahuru o 1915 tiketike te kaha o whawhai moana i roto i te Moana Black. Turkey, he hoa o Austria-Hungary, whakakitea mahi rohe, e kore e iti iho fefeka mahi kaipuke ruku Tiamana. I roto i te whakautu, i te Black Moana tāruru i raro i te pū pū o te tauranga o te rohe raki o te Ottoman - Eregli, Kilimli, Zunguldak me koati. I runga i te tama'i tino nui, "Meri", whakahaere Naval Operations Admiral Kolchak. I te pūkete o te kapa pera atu me te ake kaipuke hoariri totohu. cruiser Tiamana "Breslau" ki te faaoraraa te kaipuke Turkish i February, kihai i taea te mahi i te mahi, me te papaki ana whawhati atu i te tama'i Russian, riro whara maha. Hoki katoa nga 1916, tetahi o Tiamana,, "Gabin", e toru noa timata ki te haere ki te takotoranga wai Moana Black o te Bosphorus Strait, engari e kore e hoki te roa, me te hua kore. Mai i tona haerenga whakamutunga ki te kokoru o Sevastopol tama'i "Empress Maria" hoki 6 nuku 1916.

Victims me morehu

Rerekē maha atu mau ati moana, te whakahaere ki te ora i roto i te nuinga o te rōpū. mate tonu o 1260 i te mau melo waka rite ki rerekē puna i 152 ki te 216 te iwi. hora te maha o werohia, ka tahuna i te rau ki te 232 iwi. Ahakoa te whakarato tiaki akiaki hauora, mate i roto i te hōhipera ara kotahi rau me te rima tekau heramana. Ko te kupu, kua meinga te mate o te tama'i "Empress Maria" te mate o e toru rau e rima tekau tangata (score mōrahi), e tohu āhua 28% o te rōpū katoa. Victims taea e nui ake, engari, Waimarie, tata katoa nga heramana, e kore i mau ana Watchkeeping, whai wāhi i roto i te ratonga inoi e wahi i runga i te mahau aft. Ka rite ki te mea ratou, e te Atua e whakaora.

ite mata

Ko puta i runga i te tama'i i te tīmatanga o te ata i runga i Oketopa 7, ka korero ki nga morehu o nga mema o te kaumoana. I roto i te tikanga, e taea te huaina i te kaiwhakaatu Sevastopol katoa, oho e te tukinga e wehingia ana. Iwi aitua kite te pikitia katoa o te kino i te uta me ētahi atu kaipuke o te Black Moana Fleet, tautohe e whakatangihia te pahūtanga tuatahi atu wahi ki foremast, putorino mua me te pourewa conning. Otiia ko te take matua mō te pakanga mo te ora horihori, ko te whakangaromanga o te tinana, whakakitea i roto i whawhati i te poari ki raro te waterline, a ka timata te wai moana ki rere ki te compartments. Te ahi, takiwa, tonu. I roto i meneti, tae te kaipuke rangatira o te Black Moana Fleet , Admiral Kolchak, ki tirotiro ngā mahi faaora, tae tāmate, nga kaipuke me tugs, engari ko e taea ki te mahi i tetahi mea. Iti iho i te i te haora i muri maina paura i roto i te puhera o te pourewa ihu, i te rongonga o te maha o ngā pahūtanga, riro te tama'i he puāwai kino, e hurihia ki runga huripoki, ka totohu.

mana tūkino

Heramana puta noa te kino mahi i raro i te tūtohinga me te whakatutuki i te kawenga rite whakahau kaimahi ia. I 7:20 o te wha o nga kaiwhakatere casemate nei i runga i te ohipa ite i te puaki ke ahu i muri i te puhera arai tata pourewa nasal. korerotia tonu ratou ki to koutou kaiwhakahaere e pā ana ki te mea kei te tupu, te wā ki te hurihia i roto i nga ngongo ahi me tukua te wai te. ka mau te reira i rua anake meneti. I muri i te huringa o mataara nga tangata i tenei wa horoi i mua o te hararei, i ratou hau po auahi katoa tahuna. i aukati supply Power, ka haere nga rama ki waho. tonu pahūtanga (reira e ru 25), maina anga 130 mm ërä. Na, i runga i nga whakahau o te mataaro aunoa matua tamata Ensign Ignatiev ki te tīmata i te papu ahi. kihai ia i manuïa, i patua te hēramana toa. Ko te ngana ki te hurihia te toa o te pourewa kopere tuarua ki te waihanga i tētahi tauārai wai hoki i tutuki, he reira noa e kore te wa nui. Ite e kore katoa ora, hoatu puku te whakahau ki te waiho i te kaiwhakatere, ia ratou e ratou ki te mate, e ngana ana ki te mahi i tona hopoi'a. I muri i te toronga o te kaipuke i kitea, ka tanumia nga toenga o nga marohirohi ...

Putanga home: aituā

ahu iwi ki te titiro mō ngā tīwhiri a tawhio noa te tatararaa. Nga huru ngaro, te uaua ake me puputu'u ratou e te nuinga o tukinotia. Na reira, ko te putanga mōhiohio o te Komihana o Pakirehua e tangohia e te pahūtanga i runga i te tino nui o te Black Moana tāruru wahi i runga i te papa whenua o te whaiaro pātīmata-o kohu o paura faufaa, he tokomaha tarekatia oto. Heoi, te nuinga pea, ko reira. Anga wā roa tahi ki te potae, ko roto i te oko, tautautefito ki he taimi i te hopu i te tama'i no te "Gabin" me tenei i taea e tīmata i te detonation. Ko reira te mea tetahi putanga, kia rite ki nei te mate ngaro o te tama'i "Empress Maria" kihai i puta i te tupono noa.

tutei Tiamana

I roto i te manakohia o "auru huna" whakapae hoki te mea etahi o nga mau huru. I runga i te kaipuke kawea i roto i hanga, mana uru i ngoikore, a e hoatu e te mutu ki te tutei puhera mikrovzryvatel, rite ki te mea i kitea i roto i te Italian DREADNOUGHT "Leonardo da Vinci" i roto i te raumati o te tau 1915? Ano, kihai i tokomaha pao kiia. Tētahi atu meka ta i mawhiti tuatahi ki te tutei auru huna: i roto i te tau 1933 e i whāpāharehia te NKVD maramarama German noho arahina e tetahi Werman. E ai ki te herehere, ka whakauru ia i te aroaro o te revolution. Na te moni i roto i nga whakatutukitanga o te hikohiko hōia Russian, tae atu ki ngā kaupapa "Empress Maria". Whakarongo ki tenei, no te kahore e hoatu rangatira haumarutanga. Ko te tutei Wehrmann, kahore e mohio ki te e uru iwi ki tetahi mea.

I tapahia te kaipuke mo te mau i roto i te tau 1926. He ko anake te mahara o te mea ko te tama'i "Empress Maria". Tauira ko te reira i roto i te whare taonga Nakhimov manuao rangatira i roto i te whenua - i roto i te rohe o Smolensk. Ko tētahi atu tahora whakairo e mahi - i runga i te tauine nui - pania te rongo Nikolaev Museum o mua me te hītori Tāruru.