Kia pehea te ora, me te mate cruiser "Murmansk"

I te ata, Christmas 1994 i mua i te kanohi o kaihao Norwegian miharo kawea mai he tinana nui o te manuao e takoto ana i runga i te whenua e tata ana te uta. Te reira i hohoro ka mārama e ko te reira he cruiser Soviet me inaianei Russian mua "Murmansk", kua, Heoi, nga Inia hokona rite mau whakarewa. Ko te pātata o tenei wairua o te Cold War roa ma waru nga tau. Ko te kaipuke i he tona hītori ake. He maha nga mea i taea e korero tenei tinana faaiti, ki te taea e ia te korero. I ngā haerenga roa-hao, he angina, me manukanuka ...

Ko te tuatahi "Murmansk"

Ae, i tetahi wa i reira ko tetahi kaipuke, i nga kaiamo i taua ingoa. I roto i te Conference Tehran , faahohonu Stalin nga upoko o nga Powers Allied, e kore nei e wareware e pā ana ki te wahi o te USSR i te wāhanga o te kaipuke kua auraro kē Italy. Ko reira wha nga submarines, e waru nga kaipahua, he tama'i me cruiser, katoa tata hanga. I raro i te take o te whīwhiwhi o te tuku nga Ameliká me Ingarangi kua whakaekea to ratou ake wae whawhai, he koroheke rawa, engari i muri i te pakanga i korero ratou ki whakakapi te Italian. Nāwai, i roto i te 1944, i runga i te pūkete o reparations ki te tāruru Northern ka haere ki nga kaipuke, tae atu i te "Milwaukee", whakaingoatia te cruiser "Murmansk". He kaipuke i te moana te tata kihai i haere mai i roto o ana patu anti-rererangi kaha i whakamahia ki te tiaki i te rangi i runga i te Bay o Murmansk, te Arctic ko Vaenga, engari i roto i tenei take kua muri ia. I muri i 1945, te "Murmansk" - "Milwaukee" i hoki mai ki te United States, a muri riro te ingoa kororia o te apataki hou.

New "Murmansk"

I muri i te wikitoria o te Soviet Union ka mau te tīmatanga o te hōtaka o te ao hōu o te Navy. ka anga tona hanganga i roto i te hou kau fakasio nui-tere o te kaupapa 68-bis. Ko te shipyards tinana o kaipuke hou Molotov, Nikolaev ko Leningrad i whakatakotoria, ko te tuatahi o i ko "Sverdlov", me te whakamutunga, te tekau ma wha -. Mua "Murmansk" Enei wae i ki te whakarato i te aroaro pūmau o ope Soviet manuao i roto i nga wai o nga moana katoa. Ngā mō Norevetia, fakahā atu'e tikanga pakeke, me te pakeke rerekē. Ki te kia whakarato pūhiko roa pai whāwhā me te huri mai ngā āhuatanga, a kua riro pū te wahia tūturu uaina ki te tika. tāia ki kaihanga Ship ki te raruraru.

Artillery cruiser ngota tau

I 1955, i reira nga he maha o ngā tino i roto i te aamu o te Soviet Navy, mo te tauira, whakamatauria matou te tōkiri karihi tuatahi ka tangohia hoki te waka ruku karihi-powered tuatahi. Kia i te atarangi o te rohe rongonui ko tetahi atu meka, a pea i whakaaro ia iti. April 24 whakarewahia i runga i te whakamutunga o te kaupapa 68-bis o te cruiser "Murmansk". He tirohanga whānui o ona āhuatanga hangarau, i roto i to ratou kororia katoa, e kore e maere e te kaiārahi ka hōia-tōrangapū o te USSR. Na Khrushchev, Tuatahi Hekeretari me Defense Minita Zhukov moe e pā ana ki te tahi mea karihi, pere, ranei ara pai - raro.

He pu tatini te ërä matua (152 mm) o, te mau pŭpŭ tauturu ao taua (100 mm), 32 anti-rererangi aunoa pū tere-ahi, he torpedoes tatini - hanga tenei katoa e kore mana'o i runga i nga kau taki, e kore rawa matau i roto i te mau ohipa moana. I displacement tonu i 16.3 mano. Ton cruiser "Murmansk" i te roa o 210 m, whanui 22 m me te hukihuki o 7.26 m. Taea tae te reira i te tere ki runga ki te 31.5 knots (e te he rota, a na paerewa o tenei ra) ka i he kaha pukapuka.

Otiia i raro i Stalin whakatakotoria i whakaaro kē te kaipuke tawhitotia. I runga ia ratou i roto i te ati o te tapahi whakarewa tonu i muri i whakarewa.

ratonga Military i roto i te rangimarie

Aua'e, te cruiser marama "Murmansk" whakahau whakahaere te kaipuke ki te tiaki i, ahakoa ki te parekura, me te motu. Mai 1963, whai wāhi te kaipuke i roto i maha mahi atu i to ratou takutai taketake. Na ka ko reira te pai, unga he haerenga hoa ki te whenua rerekē, tiaki reira te raki o te USSR i roto i te teitei o te Cold War, riro te taitara hōnore o "pai" (1965) e i runga i te poari o te General Hekeretari Brezhnev (1967), me te tahi atu manuhiri rongonui. I roto i te pakanga Arab-Iseraela, ina tauihi ana ia i roto i te Mediterranean, me ki matua hoia hohoro i hanga, na te taviniraa i roto i te Atlantic. I roto i te whānui, ki te haurongo o te kaipuke ki tonu o ngā, i te iti rawa nui whakahua i te meka i haere ratou i te moana hāngai tawhiti ki te roa o tahi kōpae waenganui.

Ko te rīhaina me te whati whakamutunga

he inexorable Time, engari te kaipuke i mahue ki te honore. I roto i 1989, i te wa whakamutunga ia "koperea atu" a hanga ana e ia te pai. I roto i Hakihea o te taua tau, i te cruiser mana te solia, ka whakamararatia te rōpū. Ko te wā tuatahi i tu ia i roto i te mana kaitiaki, a i roto i 1994 i hokona ai ki India mō te tapahi mau whakarewa.

Ko te tonu pouri ki te kite pēhea te mutunga-o taputapu ora meake te ki kia whakakorehia te. Ko te āhua tutu o te kaipuke, a ka whakakitea ana e ia i roto i te wāhanga whakamutunga o tona haurongo. Vero i roto i te Moana Barents whawhati atu taura kukume, engari ata hoatu te tinana i teie nei mate i runga i te matatāhuna. e kore e Huānga ano e hiahia ana ki te tuku i to koutou mōkai, kia maha tekau tau awa parautanga tona hahano.

Hoki nga tau maha e tu ana ia i te uta, a faahaamana'o anake taumaihi pū paoro e ko tenei maunga o whakarewa kotahi te cruiser "Murmansk". Photos kaipuke whakaputaina press Pākehā, tuhituhi tuhinga e pā ana ki reira. I te pae hopea, te wehi o te kino taea ki te taiao, ka anga reira ki te tapahia ki te whakarewa. Na roto i te 2013, te kaipuke o te kahore pāharakeke mahue.