Kupu Russian Maori: tauira. kupu Russian tawhitotia

I roto i tenei tuhinga, ka whakaaro matou taua reo ngā rite kupu Russian tawhitotia, me te Māori. I runga i te takenga o te kupu Russian Māori e kore he ōrite. Kei a ia ko te maha paparanga, e rerekē i roto i te wa o to ratou tupu.

Indoevropeizmy

Ko te tawhito te nuinga o te indoevropeizmy Russian tahito e, e ko, kupu e kua haere ki to tatou reo i te wa o te kotahitanga Indo-Pākehā. I raro i whakapae o te kairangahau, i reira ko te ao Indo-Pākehā i roto i te 5-4 rau tau BC, roto i piri ngā iwi e noho ana i runga i te wāhi tika nui. E ai ki te rangahau i te tahi mau pūtaiao, totoro tenei rohe i te awa Yenisei ki te awa Täingäwai. Etahi whakaaro e ko te reira he localization Tonga Russian ranei Balkan-Tanupi. he hapori reo pērā i Indo-Pākehā, tohua te timatanga o reo Pākehā, me te etahi Āhia (pērā i Sanskrit, Bengali).

Kupu, haere hoki ki te proto-reo, e hāngai ana i runga i tenei hapori tohu kararehe, otaota, kohuke me konganuku, ahua o te whakahaere, taputapu, momo o whanaungatanga me etahi atu - he tangata whenua kupu Russian. Tauira: hāmana, oki, wuruhi, kuihi, parahi, hipi, te honi, parahi, tama, whaea, po, tamahine, hukarere, Whārahi, hou, te wai, me ētahi atu tuitui.

kupu Slavonic Common

Ko te kahu i muri o nga kupu Russian Māori ngā Common Slavonic, i kua riro i te Slavic (arā Proto-Slavic) reo Russian noa. mahi ratou rite te puna o to tatou reo e kore anake, engari ano mo te tahi atu Slavic katoa. vai tenei arero-turanga i roto i nga wa onamata i runga i te rohe o te Vistula, te Bug me te Dnieper. Enei wahi i nohoia e te iwi tawhito o te Silaví. reo Slavic Common i roto i te BC 6-7 tenetere hinga. Ko te kupu te whakatuwhera i te ara mo te whanaketanga o te maha o ngā reo Slavic, e no ki te Russian tawhito. Ko reira ohie ki te tu i roto i te kupu Common Slavonic i roto a ratou, he kitea ratou take noa i teie mahana. Hoki noa nga ngau reo Slavic me Russian. Primordially Russian kupu Common Slavonic ngā rite te wāhanga.

He tokomaha i roto ia ratou he tūingoa. Tuatahi o te katoa, ko reira te ingoa motuhake e te hunga tangata whenua kupu Russian. Tauira: ko te korokoro, upoko, ngakau, pahau, mara, nikau, ngahere, maunga, pereni, birch, kau, kau, hama, maripi, marau, he hoa, he seine, he pononga, he āheinga, he hoa, he huringa, he hepara, he kaihanga rihi.

He waitara, engari he nui iti ratou. Enei ko: te pai ai, te whakapono, te hara, mo te, kororia, te oaoa, whakaaro, te riri.

I roto i te tahi atu wahi o te kupu e māngai i roto i te kupu Slavic whānui me ngā kupu: whakarongo, e kite, ki te teka, ki te tupu. Tūāhua: tawhito, taitamariki, hunga tinihanga, whakaaro nui. Ngā tau: e toru, e rua, kotahi. Fetonginauna: koe, matou, a koe. adverbs Pronominal: kei hea reira he. Ētahi kupu mahi: i runga i, ae ra, a, rite i runga, me ētahi atu Russian māori kupu. Tauira taea te haere tonu.

Ko Common kupu Slavic tēnei wā e pā ana ki e rua mano kupu, engari ko te tino he kupu iti tenei - matua papakupu Russian. Kei roto te reira i te, kupu stylistically kūpapa tino whakamahia nuitia e kua whakamahia e rua i roto i te tuhituhi, me te i roto i te kupu.

Me i tona pūtake o te Proto-Slavic reo Slavic ona rerekē, e whai rerekē ngā āhuatanga wetereo, wetereo, me te tangi, me te segregated ki te rōpū e toru e whai ake nei: ko te rawhiti, i te uru, me te tonga.

kupu Slavic Eastern

Ko te toru o kahu, i te mea e wātea ana i roto i te reo Russian riro nga kupu a Old Russian (Eastern Slavic) reo. Ko te kē tenei he wa i muri mai, e pā ana hoki ki te takenga o te kupu Russian tawhito. whakawhanakehia ana tēnei kupu i runga i te pūtake o te reo Slavic Eastern, tetahi o nga rōpū e toru, e kua ngā Old Slavic. tona wa o te tupu - 7-9 rau AD. Na roto i te noho i roto i Eastern Europe hononga hoki iwi iwi Iukereiniana, Russian, me te Belarusian. Ko te aha te toenga o tenei wā i roto i to tatou kupu reo e mohiotia me te atu e rua: ko te Belarusian ko Iukereiniana, engari e ngaro i roto i nga reo o te tonga, me Silaví te uru.

Ka taea e koe te tīpako no te whai ki te reo Te Tai Rāwhiti Slavic. Ka rite ki te whakamahia aua kupu i roto i te reo i te timatanga rawa, e kore nei te reira i riro, he reira ano hoki he kupu Russian Māori. tauira:

- te ingoa o te manu, kararehe, kirera, kuri, pārera, tikaokao, bullfinch;

- te ingoa o taputapu: rau, toki;

- te ingoa o tūemi whare: peere, pütu, RUPO, te afata;

- te ingoa o te iwi mahi: tunu, kamura, Miller, hūmeka;

- te ingoa o ngā whakataunga: whakataunga, kainga, me ētahi atu rōpū wetereo-pū.

kupu Mau Russian

Next, he tuawha apa, e taea te whakahokia mai - he mau kupu Russian, i hanga e i muri i te rau tau 14, ie te wā o te whanaketanga motuhake o Belarusian, Ukrainian me reo Russian. puta kē ratou ratou ritenga mo te faaiteraa o etahi taonga ari ranei.

Mau taea te kitea kupu Russian i runga i te pūtake o te pārōnaki: he puka, he piliki, he hapori, he whare kākahu, me ētahi atu raweketia.

Me kï reira e taea hoki e te hanganga o te reo taua te kupu ki te momo o pakiaka kore-whenua e kua haere te takenga me te mapi nga kuhimua Russian, pīmuri (rōpū-kore, rōpū, rangatira, fakaaoao, hopane, karaihe), me te he turanga matatini (locomotive , reo irirangi wae). hoki ratou maha rerekē ngā kupu slozhnosokraschennyh, te nūpepa taiepa, LPH, MAT me etahi atu: i roto i te rau tau 20 piri to matou reo.

Na haere tonu te kupu Russian māori ki te tupu ki inclusions hou, e hanga nei e ki te awhina o ngā rauemi kupu-hanga a to tatou reo rite ki te hua o ngā tukanga ngā o te hanganga kupu.

kupu Russian tawhitotia

whakamahi e kore e kaha te kupu e kore e ngaro tonu i reira. Kua matau ratou mo etahi wa korero ki a ia, mohiotia ki tatou i mahi o te pakimaero. Ahakoa Me mahi kupu rā mo ratou kore ite. Enei kupu kėia he rahui hāngū o ngā kupu, me te kei i roto i ngā papakupu me motuhake tohua "tawhitotia.".

kupu Tukanga archaization

Tikanga archaization puta tukanga āta. I roto i nga kupu tawhitotia na reira ko te hunga e whai nui "wheako" (pērā i tenei, na reira, te ngangana, reche, vorog, tamaiti). Etahi i te kupu kaha o te hanganga e ahu i te meka e no ratou ki te wā Russian Old o tona whanaketanga. I te tahi taime kua tawhitotia kupu i roto i te wā poto ngā o te wā, puta me te ngaro i roto i te wā hou. Hei tauira, "Shkraba" te auraa ki te 20 "kaiako". Tetahi kupu pērā i "te Workers", "NKVD" tawhitotia rawa hohoro. Kaua e whai tonu i te whakaingoatanga taua hāngai tapanga i roto i papakupu rite taea te kitenga tukanga archaism ara e kore, ki te tino oti.

Take o te archaism

He ngā take archaization kupu. Ka taea e ratou te whiwhi extralinguistic (extralinguistic) pūāhua, ki te te kore e pā ana o te whakamahi o etahi kupu ki panoni pāpori. Engari kia hoki te mea ture herenga, me reo. Adverbs "ringa matau", "oshuyu" (tika, maui), hei tauira, ngaro i te kupu hohe tika ki te meka e te whakaputa o tūingoa ( "ringa maui" - "Shuitsev" me "ringa matau" - "ringa matau") arhaizovalis. I roto i ngā take pēnei i, Whakatangi noa te reira tūranga he hononga pūnahanaha faufaa o ngā wae wetereo. Hei tauira, te whakamahi o te kupu i mahue "Shuitsev", a no reira nofo i te hono pū kupu rerekē taua e i hanumi raraunga pakiaka o mua. "Shulga" Hei tauira, i roto i te reo i kahore puritia i roto i te tikanga o "mahue-ringa" ka noho rite ki te ingoa, e rā hoki ki te īngoa. Na inaianei whakamahia tenei kupu te. Mō te reo Russian, te tukanga i roto i te reira, ka taea e koe te kōrero i te wa roa. Ko te rawa ngā tenei katoa. Tatou poto anake, i roto i te kotahi tauira, ka whakaahua i te tukanga angamaheni.

kikokiko tiango e whai ake nei faaipoipo: ringa oshuyu-matau, matau ringa-Shuitsev; hononga faaauhia (mahue oshuyu). Otiia whakarongo kau ana te kupu "ringa matau" mo etahi wa, ahakoa te whanaunga pūnaha archaization e pā ana ki taua mea, i roto i to tatou reo. Hei tauira, i roto i te tau o Pushkin i whakamahia i roto i te reo whiti, "kāhua teitei," te kupu. Ka taea e Mō te reo Russian kia korerotia o rite te tupu tonu, a tawhito te kupu kei te - te tukanga māori. Ko te kupu "oshuyu" tonu anake hei vanavanaiki o te tawhito, te whakamahi i te reira anake i roto i te horopaki Sapphire, ko reira taea i te wa.

Ko te hanganga o te kupu tawhito

heterogeneous kupu tawhito i roto i te takenga. Ko tōna hanganga ngā te kupu Russian taketake (tauira: Semo, kua kiia ake, e, lzya) me staroslavyanizmy (hope, kihi, maheni), tarahu i reo rerekē ( "politesse" - "peu", "Haerenga" - "Journey" "abshid" - "tūranga").

Ko te whakaoranga o nga kupu tawhitotia

He hoki take ka fanau kupu Russian tawhitotia, hoki ki te rahui kaha o te kupu. Hei tauira, i roto i te reo Russian maha whakamahi i tenei ra i te tūingoa e whai ake nei: Minita, rūtene, rangatira, he hōia, e tawhito a muri Oketopa. Kua hoatu e ratou te ara ki te tahi atu: commissar o te iwi, wehenga rangatira, Army Whero hoia. Mai i te kupu hāngū i roto i te 20 i whakahokia mai ai, mo te tauira, ka kite a rite tawhito a te kupu "rangatira", ara i roto i te wā o Pushkin me i papakupu o te wa arata'i ki te amo hāngai. I teie mahana arhaizuetsya ano reira. Hue tata ngaro kupu tawhito rite Duma, hākinakina, tari Lyceum. i arotakea ratou i muri i 1917 rite te historicism.

historicism

Hoki ki supply kaha o etahi kupu he taea anake i roto i te mau huru motuhake. Ko nga wa katoa te reira i tika ki te whānuitanga o ngā āhuatanga anō-reo. Ki te mangai archaization i nga ture o wetereo me i kitea i roto i te hononga pūnaha wetereo, riro e huaina kupu historicism.

I roto ia ratou Ko nga ingoa o ngā ariā, ari me ngā e kua ngaro: chainmail, oprichnik, pirihimana, gendarme, he kaiwhakaako, he hussar, he Bolshevik, schoolgirl, requisitioning, nép, te kaiahuwhenua waenganui, te kulak, te VKP (b) me ētahi atu. Historicism, rite ki te tikanga, ko te hua o take anō-reo: te whanaketanga o production, huringa pāpori, te whakahou i ngā tūemi whare, patu, me ētahi atu

I teie mahana, i roto i te hōtaka kura ngā te kaupapa "kupu Russian tawhitotia, me te māori" (Grade 6). Tangata kia mohio i te iti rawa i te iti e pā ana ki te reo Māori, tona hītori whanaketanga. To tatou tuhinga Kua oti te tuhituhi i roto i te tikanga ki te whakawhānui i te kaipānui matauranga o nga paparanga ngā o ngā kupu, o nei te kupu nui Russian.