Miklós Horthy - te rangatira o Hungary i roto i te wā interwar

I muri i te Pakanga o te Ao e ahau, ngaro Hungary 2/3 o tona rohe. Ano, kua ngaro te whenua i te wahi nui o te hua öhanga, me te whai wāhi ki te moana. I roto i tenei āhuatanga, he tika te whenua kia rite ki te rangi, ko te rangatira kaha o te mahere fakaaoao. he rangatira taua, a ka Miklós Horthy.

Tau o te tamarikitanga, me te taiohi

whanau te Regent heke mai i Pipiri 18, 1868 i roto i te utuafare rahi o kaipupuri whenua reo. mātauranga ngā mātua i a whakapono kia whiwhi ano ratou tamariki i te mātauranga pai. Kua tīmata 8 tau Miklós Horthy ana rangahau i te reformatory College o Debrecen. I te tau 1878, i te mau metua o Miklós iriti ki te kura Tiamana (Sopron). I roto i te 1882, ka haere te kōwhiringa i te whakataetae 12 iwi i roto i te wahi, riro Horthy he ākonga o te Naval Academy i te pa Croatian hakari o Rijeka. puta ia i tenei kura i roto i te 1886.

Miklós Horthy: tupu biography

Ko kē to tatou hero i muri tonu timata te Academy ki te whakaatu i te kaha faahiahia i roto i te mahi moana. kite mua o te ope Austro-Hungarian ana taranata. I roto i te 1894, kua puta te ope ki runga ki te kaipuke tuatahi ki te mamaoa umeraa. Ite i faaue tenei merekara o te hangarau i Miklós. E ono nga tau i muri mai, ka e ia te rangatira o te manuao nui. Ko reira mārama e nga hua o tūranga tautapatia te he paetukutuku hōia hou.

Tae noa 1918, i whakahau Miklós Horthy (taea te kite i whakaahua i roto i te tuhinga) e rave rahi kaipuke. uru ia i roto i nga whawhai o te Pakanga Tuatahi o te Ao. I roto i nga marama whakamutunga o te Austro-Hungarian Empire, ka tamata te kaipuke ki te whakaora i te tiango Karl Habsburg tohua Miklós Horthy rangatira kaipuke.

mau Hungarian i muri i te mutunga o te Ao Tuatahi

Ka rite ki te hua o te pūnaha Versailles Tiriti ko Hungary i roto i te pāngia States. I roto i te parau tumu, ko te huru tia ore o te tiriti te pai kitea tata tonu, engari ratou whakatamarikitanga kī te mutunga o mua. I runga i te pūtake o Austria-Hungary i hanga e rave rahi āhua motu. Ka rite ki te hua, te wehenga tāwhaiwhai o rohe Hungary ngaro 30% o ratou whenua iwi. Kei te korero tatou e pā ana ki te āhua 3.3 miriona tangata.

Ko te Tiriti o Versailles i meka whakama a Hungali rite te iwi. Mai i Hungary tata te mea ano e rite ana ki a Germany. Ko te whāinga o Miklós Horthy i te pou o te Regent i ki whakahokia nui motu, me te mana o Hungary i roto i Europe.

aratau hortistkogo kaupapa here Domestic

I roto i te wā interwar i roto i Hungary mahi pūnaha mana ahurei. Ōkawa, ko te āhua noho he arikitanga. I roto i te vairaa mau, i muri i te hurihanga o te kingi Habsburg i roto i 1919 e kore e ko, rite te Entente takoha Charles IV ki abdicate. I tua atu ki te Whiringa 1, tukuna 1921 te kāwanatanga Hungarian he tikanga i runga i te withdrawal o te Habsburg whare monarsheskogo torona.

Ko te tau pou-whawhai o 1950-1980 historiography whakaaro te wā o te Poari o Miklós Horthy i Hungary rite te tonotono Fascist. hiahia ana ahau ki te whakahē ki reira, no te mea:

- i roto i te āhua mahi pāremata bicameral, e ei tautururaa faufaa rahi i roto i-whakatau i ngā whakaritenga i te taumata teitei;

- i whakaturia ake pūnaha maha-rōpū ;

- i roto i te pōtitanga noa, me te ataahua, te rōpū i taea e whai wāhi tohutohu katoa;

- kua reira i whakapumautia te mahi tūturu o te rōpū pato'iraa i roto i te Pāremata hei huānga o te manapori.

I roto i ngā ohaoha, he nui rawa te āhuatanga o te kāwanatanga. e kore e tino pai te matau te tonotono (rite i huaina ai hītori Soviet) i roto i te ōhanga, pera ki te korero o tetahi whakahou nui i roto i tenei rohe ehara i te mea e tika ana. Kua auraa No huringa e te āhuatanga i roto i te tau 1932 neke atu i te 800,000 a Hungali noho koremahi. Ina whakaritea ki 1920, tino pai ake te āhuatanga, engari e kore e na nui.

Tino nui i runga i te ōhanga Hungarian patua e te raruraru ōhanga ao o 1929- 1933 tau. I 1930, i reira ko taka i roto i te Budapest Stock Exchange. I whakatārewatia te tupu ōhanga kua iti. tekau tau pou-pakanga katoa, noho iti utu o kaimahi i roto i nga wheketere.

tikanga kaupapa here Foreign

Kua mea kē matou e Miklós Horthy - he tonotono i roto i te kanohi o te pou-whawhai hītori Soviet. Ko te take i ko te pūtake o te kaupapa here ke o te tikanga te hokinga o te rohe iwi. Ko te taea o huringa i roto i te pūnaha Versailles Horthy kite anake i te maungārongo ki Tiamana rite te pārurenga i te mutunga o te rōpū whawhai, me te tahi atu he whenua Fascist - Italy. I roto i tenei take, e kore te Regent Hungarian i hiahia ki te hinga ki raro i te mana o tetahi kāwanatanga, ka rapu ki te hanga i tētahi uniana rite.

I roto i te 1927, i hainatia te kirimana "I kaume'a mure ore" ki Itari. whakapumautia whanaunga takawaenga i waenganui i nga āhua. Ko te maungārongo ki a Germany timata i muri i 1933. I hiahia tēnei haumi me Adolf Hitler, e ui te tau mōrahi o hoa i roto i Europe. I waenganui i te feia faatere piro puritia e rave rahi hui i roto i nei mahino kau taki tūranga ia atu o ka haere mai ki te tauraro noa.

I roto i te hawhe tuarua o te 1930 Miklosh Horti (aroaro i runga haurongo poto) hanga e rave rahi haerenga ao nui. Kei te korero tatou e pā ana ki haerenga o Horthy ki Poland, Italy ko Ateria. I tua atu, i reira nga kōrero kaha e pā ana ki te mau mai i roto i hoa o Yugoslavia.

painga rohe 1930 mutunga

1938 me 1939 tau ko te wa o te tohatoha anō rohe mua-te pakanga. i te whakaturengia ngā hoko Hungary pera-ka karanga apitireihana Vienna. oho te State Horthy i Southern Slovakia me te wahi uru te nuinga o reira-ra Ukraine (Transcarpathia i te pa matua o Uzhgorod). Ko te katoa taupori o te rohe hou apititia moni ki te 1 miriona te iwi. Ka rite ki te mea kitea i enei meka, e kore e whakamana i te ao Horthy tona mahi i roto i te 1938, koia, tonu ia ki te mahi ki a Hitler.