Ore parahi. Kowhiria i roto i te aamu o te taata nei

Ko tētahi o te whakarewa tuatahi, kua ako nei ki te mahi tangata ko parahi, ranei Latin Cuprum (Cu). Tona tūranga i roto i te whanaketanga o te ao tangata, ko te taea noa ki te whakarahi: he taitahi katoa i roto i te aamu i huaina te "parahi Age" (parahi - he koranu o te tine, me te parahi). Kia riro i tēnei whakarewa (tae parahi - māwhero koura) ataahua, me te ngohengohe ako ki BC. Ko nga kupu "bornite", "chalcopyrite", "chalcocite", "covelline", "enargite", "cuprite" oro rite te ingoa o te tahi mea rerekē, engari i roto i te meka te huaina pera etahi o nga tokahuke parahi-whanau. Ko te pūtake o tenei whakarewa ko parahi ore.

I roto i te natura, kia Cuprum i te puka o taonga, me te ahua o pūhui. He maha ngā momo rerekē o tokahuke parahi, e hanganga e taea te wehea ki pūngāwhā, oxidized me whakauru. Tikanga he matatini parahi ore, kei reira e rave rahi atu huānga me pūhui - sulfides o mata, konutea, te konukōreko, me te tahi atu huānga. I tua atu, i roto i tona hanganga, i reira he āhuatanga wahi - selenium, tellurium, cadmium, indium, me te rite. I te utu o enei konganuku kore e iti iho i te 50% o Cuprum, tangohia i te kamaka.

Ko te tokahuke sulfide tino whakamahia nuitia ngā Cu pūhui ki whanariki. ngā hanga parahi takekore o te maha ngā wāhanga motuhake. Ko te tikanga matua o tona production ko te pyrometallurgical.

Tikanga kei parahi ore te nui iti o Cuprum, na te whakawhānau i raro i mua ki te haamaitairaa. Kei te heke ana hoki tenei whakaaro reira, i konatunatua ki te wai, me etahi taonga motuhake, a ka whakanohoia i roto i te mīhini tēnei waka. He he whakauru, matūriki pūngāwhā katoa whakatika ki te mata rite te pahuka i, a kawea atu ana, a ka mutu ai te ururua ki te raro.

Ko te wāhanga i muri mai o te tukatuka, e e parahi ore, ka karanga "faataheraa i ki Hāmā." Ki te kareti i tapiritia he ranunga o te onepu me te wera tae noa ki te pāmahana whakarewa rewa. Ki te taua whanariki te rongo e oxidized ki whanariki waikura, ka kohia te whakarewa whakarewa te i te raro o te oumu. Kei te ringihia tēnei rewanga ki te pūtahuri me whakatangihia ki te rangi. Ka rite ki te hua, kia rite ki te hua o te piti hāora o te whanariki whiwhi parahi konganuku, kua ringihia nei ki pakete. Ki runga ki te meangiti enei ingots (i roto i nei te ihirangi o Cu he 98%) tukua te whanariki hāorarua. Kei te kohia reira a ka whakamahia hei feedstock mo te hanga o te waikawa pungatara.

Ki te whiwhi me te kaipehi o te whakarewa te viivii parahi masivesivá hiahiatia ki te para. Ko reira o rua ngā momo - ahi, electrodeposition ranei. Ka taea hoki e whakamahine e te konganuku pai i roto i roto i te parahi namunamu hua.

kawea whakamahine ahi i roto i roto i oumu motuhake, kawea-iahiko i roto i roto i pati kapi mata vinyl kirihou ranei.

Hoki te ahi te whakamahine i te Billet hua e whakatupato ki te oumu, a rewa. Na ka tīmata pupu rangi i roto i te whakarewa wai. I roto i te piti hāora o te poke haere ki te para, me te tahi atu he sublimated me te nekehia atu i te haurehu oumu. Oxidized hoki Cuprum. noho konganuku rangatira katoa i roto i te rewanga. puta Whakaora parahi oxidized i roto i te pāhekoheko ki te puna waro e protrude hau ranunga paromazutnaya me t. huaina D. he mahi taua te ritenga parahi. Ko te kupu ora ake Cu te rakau waro. Katahi te makanga Ingot papa paraharaha, pitoake motuhake mō te para -hiko ranei.

haere na roto i te iahiko kaimahi koura ki roto i te take i reira parahi, ko te ki te whakamahi i roto i te ahumahi hiko, ranei ka kei reira te nui nui o konganuku rangatira (hiriwa, te koura, konukawata).

I roto i te pati-iahiko ki tonu i te kawehiko, kua whakanohoia te reira i roto i te parahi, he mea parakore rite te pitoake me te pitoiho rite Cu parakore, a nāianei haere te roto i te pati. Ka rite ki te hua, whakatakotoria te pitoiho te i runga i te whakarewa parakore (te viivii - ki runga ki te 99.95%).