Organelles Non-membrane o ngā pūtau: momo, hanganga, mahi

Kararehe pūtau, ngā tipu me te harore ngā o e toru ngā wāhanga matua: te wē membrane, karihi, me te cytoplasm. rerekē Bacteria i ratou no te mea e kore e whai i te reira i te karihi, engari kua hoki ratou he membrane me cytoplasm.

Nahea te cytoplasm?

Ko te wāhanga ā-o te pūtau i roto i e taea e hyaloplasm taiea (reo wai), i runga i me tenei organelles (organelle). Inclusions - he hanganga kore-tamau i roto i te pūtau, e waiwai tohu i te rūrūtia matūkai tioata whakakapi ranei. Organelles - he hanganga tūturu. Ka rite ki wae mahi matua o te tinana ko nga tinana, na i roto i te whare herehere e whakamana e organelles nga mahi nui katoa.

Membrane me kore-kiriuhi organelles o ngā pūtau

Ko te wehea ki odnomembrannye me dvumembrannye tuatahi. Anake te rua whakamutunga - te reira pungaraungao me chloroplasts. Na roto i te odnomembrannym ngā lysosomes, Golgi taputapu, kiriuwhi (kiriuwhi reticulum), vacuoles. Mō organelles kore-membrane, ka kōrero tatou i roto i te taipitopito ake i roto i tenei tuhinga.

organelles Non-kiriuhi o te hanganga pūtau

Ēnei ngā ribosomes, te pokapū pūtau me te cytoskeleton i hanga microtubules me microfilaments. Ano i roto i tenei rōpū i taea te whakaaro kaupapa organelles nohoia e te kaiao pūtau-tahi, me te te pūtau tane o te kararehe. Kia titiro a ki te tikanga o organelles kore-membrane o ngā pūtau, ratou hanganga me te mahi.

He aha te mea he ribosome?

Tenei kore-kiriuhi organelles o ngā pūtau, e ngā o ribonucleoproteins. Ratou hanganga ngā rua nga wahi (subunits). Ko tētahi o ratou ko te kotahi iti - te nui. I okiokinga, he wehe ratou. E hono ratou ina tīmata te ribosome ki te mahi.

Te whakatau i te organelles kore-membrane o ngā pūtau mo te kōtuitanga pūmua. Ara, mo te tukanga translation - hono waikawa amino i roto i te mekameka polypeptide i roto i te tetahi raupapa, tuhi kōrero o nei i te DNA ki mRNA, ka tuhia.

ribosomes Rahi Ko e rua tekau nanometers. Ko te maha o enei organelles roto te pūtau kia tae ake ki te maha o nga mano tekau o nga wahi.

I roto i te eukaryotes, he ribosomes i hyaloplasm, a ki runga ki te mata o te kiriuwhi taratara. E hoki ratou hakari i roto i dvumembrannyh organelles: te pungaraungao me chloroplasts.

cytocentrum

tito tenei organelle te o te centrosome, karapotia nei e tsentrosferoy. Centrosome ngā rua centrioles - kau roto te rango titoa o microtubules. Kei o whakawhānui i te pokapū radially microtubules pūtau Tsentrosfera. Hoki, kua tito reira o kakawaea takawaenga me microfibrils.

mahi pokapū Cell mahi pērā i te hanganga o te muka mitotic. Ko hoki e ia te pokapū o te whakahaere o microtubules.

Ki te whakaaro ki te hanganga matū o tenei organelle, te taonga taketake ko te tubulin pūmua.

Kei tēnei organelle te i roto i te pokapū āhuahanga o te pūtau, na kua ia tenei ingoa.

Microfilaments me microtubules

Ko te tuatahi ko te kakawaea o te pūmua actin. Ratou diameter Ko 6 nm.

Ko te diameter Ko 24 microtubules nanometer. E hanga ratou taiepa o te pūmua tubulin.

Enei membrane-kore organelles pūtau hanga cytoskeleton, e āwhina ki te mau tonu i te āhua tamau.

Ko tētahi atu mahi microtubule - waka, hoki e taea te neke i te reira organelles me matū i roto i te pūtau.

organelles o kaupapa

Ko ratou o rua momo: ngä makawe me te flagella.

Ko te tuatahi ki te whai kaiao pūtau-tahi pērā i ciliates hu.

Flagella i Chlamydomonas, me te i roto i te parāoa kararehe.

Movement o organelles ngā o pūmua contractile.

mutunga

Ka rite ki te mutunga whakarāpopoto.

Na ka titiro matou ki te organelles kore-kiriuhi katoa o te tipu, kararehe, harore me huakita, ratou hanganga me te mahi.