Paora Antokolsky: haurongo me mahi

pehe Soviet Pavel Antokolsky, haurongo, me te auahatanga tika tirohanga, i ora ia i te ora roa, me te rawa ngā. I roto i tona mahara he takaí, pakanga, ngā i roto i te toi, te hanganga o te tuhinga Soviet. rotarota Antokolsky - ko te ora, pūmanawa kōrero e pā ana ki te wheako o te rohi pehe, o te ora te whenua o, e pā ana ki tona whakaaro huritao.

takenga

Pipiri 19, 1896 i roto i te St Petersburg whanau ko Antokolskiy Pavel Grigorevich. Ko ia te mātāmua o wha tamariki me anake te tamaiti. Tona papa, he rōia pai-mōhiotia, heoi e kore e tino angitu, hanga tonu mahere i runga i te āhua o ki te taui i to ratou oraraa mo te pai. Otiia mahi ana e ia mo te wahi tino o te roia tauturu, a i roto i nga wa Soviet - he mōhiohio iti i roto i te pūtahi rerekē. takoto tiaki tamaiti katoa i runga i nga pokohiwi o te whaea. kiia Boy grandnephew o te toi rongonui Marc Antokolsky, e ki etahi whānuitanga hoatu Pavlov kaha toi. Ahakoa te meka e i te utuafare pakiaka Hurai, i roto i te ora o te iwi o te rohi pehe takaro kahore tūranga.

tamarikitanga

pupuri Childhood Paora Antokolsky i St. Petersburg, a ka ko ia 8 tau, oho te whānau ki Moscow. Main arearea tamarikitanga, i roto i nga kupu o Antokolsky i tuhi ki te pene rākau tae me peita. Tona kaupapa tino ko te whakapakoko o te matenga - fakatātā mō 'Ruslan me Lyudmila' A. S. Pushkina. I muri mai i reira ko te kaupapa tino tuarua - te whakapakoko Ivana Groznogo, i te ahua o te whakapakoko o tona koroua Antokolsky. Te neke ki te tamaiti Moscow mahara pai: muri whakakitea te marino, me te nui Petersburg ia ia te tūmārō, hoihoi, me te paru. Ko ia āta tikanga ki Moscow, a ka anga ki te whakaaro i te reira tona kainga. Ko te revolution o 1905 tonu ongo oraora i roto i te mahara o te tamaiti, te pato'iraa o te iwi, me te mana e muri riro tetahi o nga kaupapa o ana whakaaro huritao.

ako

ako a Paora Antokolsky i Moscow High School, whiwhi i te 1914. i ngāwari hoki ia Learning, engari hanga iti anaanatae. He tau i muri i tu'ite no te haapiiraa teitei, ka tomo a Paora te Moscow State University, Manga Ture. Kua i te tau tuatahi i kite ia i roto i nga ara o te Moscow State University i runga i Moss fakahā whare o te huinga i roto i te Studio Ākonga Drama i raro i te aronga o nga kaitapere Moscow Art Theatre i taua momeniti timata tetahi ora Antokolsky. ko nga wa ririhau, a te hopoia āta whakarerea Paora ona ako whare wānanga, te tuatahi i roto i te tikanga ki te mahi i roto i te nuu faehau pāhoro, engari te mutunga hoki te studio, e hoko nei fakautuutu nui ki a ia.

whare tapere

arahina Theatre studio MSU te kaiwhakahaere ka iti-mohiotia ko Yevgeny Vakhtangov ki runga ki a ia, ka patua a Paora Antokolsky. ke tona koioranga tino ki te haerenga mai o te whare tapere, te tuatahi tamata Paora tona ringa i roto i te mahi mahi, engari kihai i nui tona taranata. I roto i nga tau e toru o ako i roto i te taiwhanga, i tahuri ki te "iwi whakaari" tamata Antokolsky ia i roto i taea ngaio tapere katoa, i te ētita scene ki kaiwhakahaere me te screenwriter. Hoki te studio, tuhituhi ia e toru whakaari, tae atu "Doll Infanta" me "malí he moemoea i roto i." I roto i te 1919, neke atu i te Vakhtangov ia, engari tonu ki te mahi i roto i te whare tapere Moscow wahi tae noa ki waenganui o te 30 kaiwhakahaere whakakapi. I muri mai, ka hoki ia ki te whare matakitaki Vakhtangov, ki te mahi i runga i te whanaketanga o te whare i runga i te Arbat ia. I muri i te matenga o te kaiwhakarewa nui o te whare tapere hoatu Antokolsky iho me i roto i te mahi tahi ki ētahi atu kaiwhakahaere i runga i whakaari. Ki te whare tapere Vahtangova Pavel Grigorevich haere i runga i tour i Sweden, Tiamana ko France. Ua tauturu enei haerenga atu e pā ana ki te ao, me te ia ia ako, ko atu mōhio o ia e ia ko te tangata Soviet. Ka kia whakaurua mana'o i muri o enei haerenga i roto i te irava, i te ngā, i roto i te pukapuka o te "Te Hau-ā-uru". Kua noho tonu Theatre he mea nui o te ora mo Antokolsky noa ka whiriwhiria e ia i te ara rerekē.

rotarota

Ana rotarota tuatahi Pavel Antokolsky tuhi i roto i tona tamarikitanga, engari tino tenei mahi nō ia. I roto i te 1920 e neke ia piri ki te rōpū o te kaituhi Moscow nei huihui i nga kaitito Café i Tverskaya Street. He he he hui ki Antokolsky Bryusov, e pai rotarota tauhou kaituhi, a i roto i 1921 whakaputaina e ia nga mahi tona tuatahi. Bryusov i kore noa te rohi pehe tino, engari ano hoki he kaiwhakahaere pai, i raro i tipu tona kaiārahi whakahaere tuhituhi whiti i roto i Moscow, i he rawa whai hua mo te kuao Antokolsky. Here i kohikohi ia ngā pūkenga, me te whakapono i roto i tona misioni hou. ko nga mahi wawe o te rohi pehe tonu o te romance me te weriweri mō te whare tapere. Hei tauira, te ruri "Fransua Viyon" me te kohinga "Pūāhua" kawe moe me kare o te whare tapere. Otiia āta riro te lyrics Antokolsky reo ā-iwi. Āta paari, riro tona kāhua ake, me te arotahi kaupapa o te kaituhi.

I te ra o te Pakanga nui Patriotic Pavel Antokolsky te tuku i tētahi tono ki te uru atu nga rarangi o te Pāti Communist, i taua momeniti runga, ka mea ia, he ora hou. Kei te aki nga mamae o te whawhai te pene o te rohi pehe, tuhia e ia he rota i roto i enei tau. I tua atu ki te rotarota, hanga ana e ia huahua, mahi rite te kaituhi i te whawhai, haere ki te mua ki te rōpū o ngā kaiwhakaari, me rite te kairīpoata. I muri i te whawhai tonu Antokolsky ki te tuhituhi mō ngā kaupapa hapori nui, i reira he pukapuka o ngā rotarota, "te kaha o te Vietnam", "te Poet me Time", "Te Tale o pahemo Tau", i riro he tauira o te rotarota Soviet ā.

tuku iho auaha

I roto i tona ora roa auaha, kua tuhituhi a Paora Antokolsky nei photo kei roto i tetahi mātāpunenga o tuhinga Soviet, e iwa ngā pukapuka o rotarota, etahi whiti, ka whakaputaina wha kohikohinga o ngā tuhinga. Ia pukapuka o te rohi pehe - ko reira he mahi wāhi, î ki kare hohonu, me whakaaro o te kaituhi. Ko te hanga tino rongonui ko maau Antokolsky "Tama", tuhituhia e pā ana ki te mate hautoa o te mate i te mua o tana tama. kawea mai te ruri kua rongo te ao ki te rohipehe, me te Stalin paraihe. moni undoubted Ko nga mahi i tuhituhia i raro i te mana o te wairua orurehau French: he maau o Fransua Viyone, i runga i te korerorero, te rotarota "Robespierre me te Gorgon", "sans-culottes". Last kohinga o ngā rotarota, "te Whakamutunga o te Century" whakaputaina i roto i te 1977, me te ko te ahua o Whakarāpopoto ake o ngā putanga ora.

Translations

Paora Antokolsky te nuinga o tona ora auaha i oti rawa ki te mahi translation. Ahakoa i roto i te hawhe tuarua o te 30raa Antokolsky toro tuahine lepupilika - Armenia, Azerbaijan ko Georgia - a he hiahia i roto i to ratou ahurea. Na ka tīmata tana mahi o liliu te whiti motu o enei whenua ki roto ki te reo Russian. Runga ake katoa, kua mahi ia i roto i translation i te 60raa me 70. I tua atu ki te mahi o kaitito Hōriana, Ukrainian, Armenian me Azerbaijani, e ia he rota o te tuhinga French. I roto i tona translation o kohikohinga hinga "whiti tivira o France", "Mai i Bernazhe ki Eluard" anthology taketake "rua tenetere o rotarota i France."

ora whaiaro

noho te rohi pehe ora rawa taonga, me te roa. Ko reira he kaume'a mo hoa pērā i Marina Tsvetaeva, K. Smionov, E. Dolmatovsky, Tikhonov, V. Kataev. I rua marenatia Antokolsky. whanau ki tona tamahine Natalia me tama Vladimir, e mate i roto i 1942 i te mua - te wahine tuatahi - Natalia Shcheglova. Ia i muri ka he kaipeita, a marenatia hoki te punake Leon Toom. mokopuna Antokolsky Anaru ka he ahorangi o te ahupūngao, mahi i roto i Brazil. wahine Tuarua - Zoya Konstantinovna Bazhanova - ko te toi, engari whakatapua tona ora katoa ki te mahi o tana tane. Paora Antokolsky, tana wahine, tamariki, me mau mootua i nga wa katoa i pā ana ki te take matua o tona ora - whiti. Ko te whare, he fifi tūturu o te Ariki. I te mutunga o te ora mahue Antokolsky anake, ka mate tana wahine, aku hoa i te ora. pau ia te nuinga o tona wa i roto i te whenua. mate Poet Oketopa 9, 1978, e tanumia ia i roto i te urupā i Moscow Vostryakovsky.