Catherine 2 Poari

Catherine Wā 2 ture i roto i Russia (1762 - 1796) -. He wa o rerekētanga nui me ngā kaupapa nui i roto i te ora o te iwi.

Ko te Empress heke mai o Russia, whanau Sofia Augusta Frederika o Anhalt-Zerbst tuatahi ka haere mai ki a Russia i 1745 i te aniraa o Elizabeth. I roto i te taua tau marenatia e ia te Grand Duke Pita Fedorovich (Pita 3). Kāore he pai o te mate tana tahu a ko Erihapeti, kua arahina ki te āhuatanga i reira i reira ko te riri ki tona pana i Russia. Falala i runga i te hoia tiaki, i roto i te 1762 i hanga e ia he tahuritanga bloodless a ka Empress. I roto i taua huru tīmata te poari 2 Catherine.

Kua te Empress kua tautooraa whakahou kaha, e whai ana ki te whakapakari i tona kaha whaiaro. I roto i te 1767 huihui ia ki te tuhituhi Komihana Code hou. legislators Runanga, heoi, ka tahuri atu ki te kia au ore ki Catherine a ka whakamararatia

I roto i te 1763, ki te whakapai ake i te pūnaha whakahaere, puritia reira whakahou senatorial. I roto i te kaumatua, ko reira e ono tari, a ka kua ngaro ia te tika ki te whakahaere i te taputapu kāwanatanga, hoko i te mana ture, me te whakahaere rawa. I whakahokia te reira i Berg-Collegium, Tumuaki Kai-me Manufactures Collegium. oma Centralization me bureaucratization o te mana te whenua o te whakarara ki te tere on. I roto i te tikanga ki te whakatau i te mau fifi pūtea v1763- 1764 noho Catherine te secularization o whenua siasí (ratou translation ki taonga pāpori), i whakahohea ki whakanui i te afata tao'a, ka e haamou i te minita rite te kaha tōrangapū kaha.

kihai i ngohengohe Catherine 2 ture. I te wa o tona kingitanga a Pugachev whakatikanga ake. Kaiahuwhenua War 1773-1775 whakakitea e kore e tenei tuhaa o te hapori te tautoko ia ia. Na whakatau Catherine ki te whakapakari i te āhua absolutist, te ti'aturi i runga i te rangatira.

"Ko e tūtohinga" hanahana me nga pa (1785) te raupapa te hanganga o te hapori, tino e hūanga te whenua kati: hanahana, minita, kaihokohoko, bourgeoisie iti me te mua. Kei te piki haere tonu te fakafalala muri, te hanga i te tikanga mo te tīmatanga o "rangatira tau koura."

I roto i te kingitanga o Catherine 2 pūnaha feudal i roto i Russia kua tae tona tumutumú. kihai i te Empress rapu ki te huri i te turanga o te ora pāpori. I runga anō i te mahi o serfs kingitanga torona ti'aturiraa i runga i te hanahana pono ko Empress whakaaro, ko wai te kaiwhakahaere o ana mea katoa - na titiro ora o te whenua i roto i tenei wā. kawea kaupapa kāinga me te ke atu anake i roto i te ngākau nuitanga o te kāwanatanga centralized. huarahi Imperial ko pā ana moku, ki te kawanatanga (Little Russia, Livonia ko Finland), kia rite ki te pai kia rite ki te roha, ka horapa ki te Crimea, te Basileia Polish, te Te Tai Tokerau Caucasus, e kua timata kē ki te nui haere raruraru motu. I roto i te 1764 Whakakahoretia Hetman i roto i Ukraine, whakaritea tona kingitanga i kawana-whānui me te peresideni o te poari o Malorosskoy.

I 1775 ko te timatanga o te whakahou whakahaere. hanga Engari o 23 kawanatanga 50 mea hou. Ko te ruma kōaro hoatu tohutohu ahumahi Order - pūtahi tūmatanui (hōhipera me ngā kura), marae wehea i te whakahaere. ka kākahu, nga kawana kaimahi o kareti pokapū, kawana, me te pae hopea te Empress pūnaha kāwanatanga.

Kei te mohiotia te reira e te kingitanga o Catherine 2 - ko reira ano hoki te tiketike o te kanohi. Tena ko tenei ki te mea he Elizabeth he kino sino tītohunga ki te kāwanatanga e kore e i kawea reira, whānui o nga whenua tūmatanui me te tohatoha serfs timata pai rangatira Empress ki te meinga te inoino.

absolutism marama o Catherine - ko reira te wa o nga whakaaro o ariā pāpori, me te tōrangapū o te rau tau 18, i roto i nei kia haere i te whanaketanga o te hapori i roto i te ara whanaketanga i raro i te arata'iraa o te arii marama, me te e arohaina e te iwi, he philosopho nei kaiāwhina.

Ko nga hua o te kingitanga o Catherine te 2 rawa nui mo te hītori Russian. Kua tupu rohe State tino, kua hua pūtea e wha nga wa nui haere, i te taupori nui haere e 75%. Heoi, ki te absolutism marama whakatau i te raruraru akiaki katoa, me te kore i taea.