Mekameka arataukai. mekameka kai e hepara. ara iahiko supply arataukai

mekameka arataukai - tenei hononga i roto i te taumata i waenganui i te whänui kai rerekē, me te moroiti i roto i tera e rere ra te pūngao i roto i rauwiringa kaiao panoni me te taonga. Kei te whanaunga tata katoa tipu, kararehe me kaiao mōkitokito ki tetahi ki tetahi i runga i te parau tumu o "kai - kiritaki".

whakamāramatanga taketake

mekameka arataukai - ko tetahi o nga āhuatanga tino nui o tetahi rauwiringa kaiao tenei. Tenei mekameka kai. E whakaatu ana te reira i te tetahi raupapa whakapae o ngā momo. A, no te kitea tenei kaupapa i roto i te hauropi i te tukanga o te kai pūngao matüora me mea organic. Hei tauira: te tarutaru - he hea - te wuruhi - huakita. Ka rite ki te tikanga, i runga i te tihi o te koeko kai ko te kaikonihi nui. Ko te wā ano - te pärönaki o te kupu Kariki "taonga", e te tikanga "kai". I mua i tatou mahi ki te meka e tenei mekameka kai, e hiahia ana koe ki te whakaaro ariā pērā i ngā, kiritaki me kaiwhakapopo.

kaihanga

Kaihanga Ko te rōpū o kaiao e he nehenehe o synthesizing mea waro i pūhui kohuke matatini. Ko ētahi o ēnei, te tuatahi o te katoa, autotrophs. Ko nga otaota me pükohu mōkitokito, e na roto i te ahotakakame taea tahuri te pūngao kōmaru ki te matüora waho enei. piki te reira i roto i te pūtau, me te whai wāhi i roto i te pākia e. I roto i te rauwiringa kaiao, tauira o ngā kaihanga he kaponga, Kiwa me gymnosperms me ngā tipu whaipua. I roto i te moana, te reira te köurarangi. pükohu matomato Tiny - ko te tauira o te whakaputa rauwiringa rōwai katoa.

consuments

Consuments - te reira ngā momo rerekē o te kaiao e whangai i runga i te mea organic anake, synthesized nei te kaihanga. Ko te rauwiringa kaiao e kiritaki e huaina heterotrophs. E nehenehe te reira kaikiko me herbivores, ngā ngārara. Wehewehe i waenganui i rerekē whakahau o kiritaki. hāngai ana tēnei wehenga i runga i te āhua o ngā kaiao i roto i te mekameka kai.

Na roto i te consuments kia 1 ngā kararehe wätea, ngārara me ngā manu. Hei tauira, kia ki roto i te rakau kai, he mekameka koni, kiore, hata, Elk. Ko e kiritaki o te tikanga 1 enei kararehe katoa. Ratou āhuatanga ko e whangai ratou i runga i ngā, i te mea tipu. Ko te nuinga tenei kiore, ungulates, nakahi, mokomoko, me te ngā amphibians me ngā ngārara, ika, manu iti.

Consuments whakahau 2, me te muri - te reira anake momo konihi. hanga ratou o ratou pūmua i rauemi organic o te kararehe huawhenua ranei takenga. Tenei rōpū ngā pea, rei, feline, manu nui o taonga, mea ngokingoki me nakahi. Ko te pūnaha rauropi o te moana i tenei wāhi nohoia e te tohorā me ngā aihe.

kaiwhakapopo

karanga Tuku microorganisms ngā toenga organic kaiwhakapopo. Tenei huakita me te harore. ora ratou i roto i te oneone, me te whakaongaonga i te tukanga o te te pirau. he longo ki te wā "destructors" kaiwhakapopo. I tēnei wā, kua tapiritia te rōpū, me bacteriophages.

Ko te momo matua o mekameka arataukai

E rua anake ngā momo taketake o mekameka kai: detrital me te karaihe. E ratou rerekētanga nui. mekameka wahi kai kai (mekameka karaihe ranei) i runga i te hononga matatini o te rōpū ngā o ngā tipu, kararehe me saprophytes. Kei te hāngai te reira i runga i kaiao autotrophic. Ko te matua tenei i te tipu. Aru e te kararehe wätea. Hei tauira, ungulates, ranei kiore. I roto i te moana, me moana, e taea te te aumoana reira. Na rawa, i te tihi o te mekameka kai ko nga konihi o te tikanga 2. Tenei momo e kore e i whainga atu i roto i te mohoao. Hei tauira, te pea, te māngai o te whānau ngeru, manu o taonga. Ngā mekameka kai karaihe roa i roto i te moana. Tenei e kitea consuments 6 th me kia 7-th.

mekameka arataukai Detrital i runga i te tukanga whāwehe. Ratou whai wāhi tonu harore huakita-saprophytes ranei.

mekameka kai Detrital

Ko te nuinga noa mekameka whāwehe pērā i roto i nga ngahere, me te wahi e kore e te nuinga o te hua pau kararehe tika wätea. Ko riro ia. Ko tōna harore tukatuka mōkitokito me te huakita, e te hunga kua huaina saprophytes. tīmata tonu katoa mekameka kai detrital kai ki detritus. tonu ratou ki microorganisms e wahia iho a tukurua ratou. Na i reira Ko te detritus me ratou kiritaki - te momo konihi. Ko te rauwiringa kaiao o nga moana, me ngā moana, rawa i roto i te wai hohonu, ka nuinga e mekameka detrital. He tikanga e kore e e ora i te maha nui o konihi, na noho ratou wahi e microorganisms.

taumata arataukai

tito mekameka arataukai te o te maha paparanga. taea ēnei hononga e ngāwari kitea i roto i tetahi hauropi o te ao. Ko te taumata tuatahi e te aroaro tonu kaihanga. Ko te tuarua - e kiritaki o te tikanga rerekē. I roto i te ara iahiko poto, te tikanga o ngā waeine e toru, i roto i te roa o ratou tau e kore iti. Ko reira ka kia tonu te hou moroiti-kaiao me te harore. Tetahi kai mekameka arataukai mutu kaiwhakapopo. Ratou mahi matua i roto i te rauwiringa kaiao rerekē - he hangarua o te mea waro ki pūhui kohuke. Ko te roa rawa mekameka kai supply i hanga i roto i te moana, me te moana. Ko te poto o ratou - i roto i te ngahere me Marehekepa. he raupapa tūhonohono pērā o ngā taumata arataukai ngā me hanga he ara iahiko mana supply.

He mea nui ki te whakamārama e te arataukai mekameka kai kore he oti tonu. kia ngaro ai te reira i te tahi mau wāhanga. I te tahi taime ratou "maturuturu atu" mo tetahi take ranei tetahi. Tuatahi, e kore e tapae tonu i roto i te mekameka o te tipu - ngā. he mea motu ke i roto i aua hapori e kua i hanga i runga i te pūtake o te pirau otaota me (ranei) kōiwi kararehe ratou. He tauira a Tūrongo - te amo o rau i roto i te ngahere. Tuarua, kia heterotrophs ngaro i roto i mekameka kai, kararehe arā. Ka taea e ranei e kia ratou iti. Hei tauira, i roto i te taua ngahere hua te hōtoke me te peka, te bypassing o kiritaki, timata tonu ki te hanehane. I roto i tenei take, mo te kaihanga aru tonu i kaiwhakapopo. I roto i ia rauwiringa kaiao i hanga mekameka arataukai tīmata i ngā āhuatanga taiao. I raro i etahi pānga, rawa i runga i te wahi o te tangata, kia nui haere ai enei iahiko ranei, rite maha reira tupu tika ki te peka o te ngaro o etahi wae.

Tauira o mekameka arataukai

ara iahiko arataukai, i runga i te maha o ngā waeine ngā reira rānei, ka taea e kia ohie, me te paparanga. kia puta tētahi tauira o te taiawhio oti ohie, i roto i nei i reira he ngä, kiritaki me kaiwhakapopo, e whai ake: ahipi - piwa - huakita.

Kei roto mātanga mekameka arataukai he maha nui o ngā hononga. Otiia te tikanga e kore e ratou tau nui 6-7 i roto i ngā rauwiringa tūturu. Ka taea e ēnei mekameka roa e kitea i roto i te moana, me ngā moana. I roto i te wae toe nuinga rauwiringa kaiao tūturu 5. He maha ngā tauira o te āhua o ki te hanga i te kai-mekameka mo awhe rerekē:

1. Algae - Roach - perch - burbot - huakita.

2. Mökitokito - wheo - pomacentridae Fish - White mango - huakita.

3. tarutaru - mawhitiwhiti - poraka - tino - te whatura.

He tauira o iahiko kai kaitukituki enei katoa. Ko reira e te tahi atu momo o te whanaungatanga. Hei tauira, pirinoa mekameka. titiro ratou e whai ake: tarutaru - kau - he tapeworm - huakita. I te tahi taime no te mea o te mekameka kia taka consuments: vine - paura koriri harore - Petapaki. rerekē mekameka kai o waho ake i te pirinoa e kaitukituki āhuatanga reira faarahi ki te whakanui ake i hono taumata raupapa. Engari kia rite ki noho tonu kaiwhakapopo saprophytes i roto i te wā e rua. He rerekē titiro mekameka detrital iti: rau amo - harore mōkitokito - huakita.