Whiwhi waiwaro rua

Waiwaro rua - he waiwaro acyclic hamanga, e ngā kotahi anake rua ngota here waro. ahua ai ratou he homology kotahi matatini (tau) e whakaatu ana i te pūhui whārite o te tātai CnH2n. Hei tauira, te tātai i roto i tenei raupapa tuatahi o matū - ethylene - C2H4, tātai i roto i te rua pēwaro rarangi rima o - C5H10, tekau decene - C10H20.

Te ngota waro i roto i enei matū i roto i te aroaro o te here rua i roto i te āhua o te hybridization sp², te kupu, te koki honohono, o te hanganga rāpoi ko 120 °. Ko te waiwaro rua māmā he ethylene taonga ki te tātai C2H4. raupapa huirua o ngā waiwaro rua, me te whakaata o ratou ingoa, e kua hanga e e tua o ōrite kuhimua.

Me kï reira e takoto te faaineineraa o ngā waiwaro rua e katoa e ona āhuatanga matū me ngā āhuatanga. Hei tauira, i te hunga e neke atu i te rua ngā ngota waro whakauru hanga poinanaha. Ko te kupu i reira te vai he tauira tënei i roto i te meka e te nui te maha o ngā ngota waro i roto i roto i te waiwaro rua motuhake, te atu he taea ki te hanga poinanaha ia.

ngā āhuatanga ōkiko o enei pūhui tei hoki i runga i te tūranga i roto i te raupapa huirua. Hei tauira, rewa wāhi, ira me te mātotoru kohua mo ethylene e aua -169,1, -103,7 me 0,5700. He rite, aua, -101,7, -121,3 me 0,7140 - te taua tawhā o te waru i roto i te raupapa o te waiwaro rua - wāwaro.

Tuatahi ka mau whiwhi waiwaro rua wahi i roto i te 1669, ka motuhia ia ia he kēmihi Tiamana Pekere i te taha o te pānga o te waikawa pungatara i runga i te waipiro. I tenei wa e kore i taea e akatainuia tukuna te pūtaiao te hau, a na reira kihai i hoatu e ia he ingoa, a ka kua karangatia e noa "rangi." I muri mai, "te rangi Pekere" i roto i rite te tikanga ano, a ka riro te Tatimana Deyman Potts Van Troostvik i 1795. Tenei wa, kua whakaahuatia aivanaa i roto i te taipitopito ratou tikanga o te faaineineraa o ngā waiwaro rua, a ka hoatu ratou he ingoa ahurei - ". Hau maslorodny" whanau tenei ingoa i te mea, i roto i te tauhohe ki te māota ki te hanga i te wai hinuhinu, anake i muri tāutuhia rite dichloroethane kēmihi i France Antuanom Furkrua.

I tua atu, i te timatanga o te rau tau whakamutunga e J. Gay-Lussac kitea e ngā waihā, i roto i te tua ki te "maslorodnogo" rāpoi hau me te wai tūturu.

whakatuwheratia J. Dumas ko P. Bull i roto i 1928 whiwhi ngā waiwaro rua i Ethyl pūhaumāota. Ko reira ngā e mo te wa rawa te roa, Utaina taea kore tika tuhituhi te tātai o te pūhui. Anake i roto i te tau 1848 ka arahina ia tapahi ki ethylene me tuhia rite te S4N4.

I roto i te natura, i reira e tata kahore waiwaro rua. Ethylene Ko te māngai māmā o te raupapa huirua, kei roto i te ahua o te ira tangata i roto i te tahi mau tipu.

He paitini waiwaro rua raro a taea i roto i nohanga tiketike meinga he pānga whakapōauau. I roto i te take o te ingestion o ngā waiwaro rua teitei taea te kitea haehae me te airway edema.

Ko te rahi o te taimaha rāpoi whakatau te wāhi e koropupu, me te ngohe enei pūhui, me to ratou ahua o te whakawhāititanga. Waiwaro rua i te tuatahi ki te wha i roto i te raupapa - ngā haurehu i te rima ki te tekau ma whitu tango te ahua o te wai, me te muri - totoka. Kaore he aweretanga, e kore e memeha i roto i te wai, engari te pai wairewa i roto i ngā whakarewa organic waiwaro rua katoa.

I raro i ngā āhuatanga o nāianei, i reira e maha ngā huarahi rerekē ki te whakaputa i ngā waiwaro rua. Na, ki ngā tikanga mō te whakaputa waiwaro rua, ngā nga mahi ahumahi e whai ake nei.

Ko te tikanga taketake ko te tukanga papatanga catalytic tiketike pāmahana e whai wāhi hau māori , me te pūwaro pūhui roto i roto i te hinu masivesivá. I roto i te pā ana ki te raro, he reira taea ki te tono i te tikanga me te maroketanga o waiwaihā.

te whakamahi i te taiwhanga ano hoki tenei tikanga, engari i konei whakahaere te tauhohenga e i roto i te aroaro o te waikawa kaha e whakamahia hoki tikanga o synthesizing Hoffmann me Chugaeva. Hoki ētahi atu tikanga o synthesizing tauhohenga ngā Burda, i te mea whakakorenga o pūkeha.

Waiwaro rua e mahuinga ia rauemi raw mō te ahumahi matū, e kua whakamahia ki te whakaputa i moni nui o pūhui matū. Na whiwhi waiwaro rua ko te aronga nui o te whanaketanga o te promyschlennosti matū i roto i nga whenua ahumahi katoa.