Ahumahi i roto i te USSR: te Mahere rima-Tau tuatahi

Ko te mahere-tau e rima tuatahi - he whakaingoa herenga o te mahere tuatahi-tau e rima hei wāhanga o te ahumahi takoha o te USSR i te mutunga o te tau 1930. Nā ki tenei wā wa, riro te whenua i te matatini ahumahi-hōia kaha.

He aha te mea te kōhanga o te ahumahi takoha o te Soviet Union? Ko te te Kaupapa Here rahua New Economic, ranei nép, ara te raruraru o te ähua witi i roto i nga tau 1927-1928, arahina ki te whakatau o te huringa kaiārahi i roto i te kaupapa here öhanga, me te timatanga o te whakahou o te pūnaha katoa o te Uniana.

I roto i te Mahere Tuatahi rima-Year - 1928 (te rā o whakatamarikitanga o te mahere) - 1932 (kati, arā e mahi ana i nga mahi katoa o te wāhanga tuatahi o te ahumahi).

I runga i te whakawhitinga ki te kaupapa here hou me te whakatamarikitanga o te mahere-tau e rima tuatahi i hanga ai ki runga ki te Conference 16 o te CPSU (b). timata te mahere tuatahi-tau e rima i roto i te nuku 1928. Ko te ka tangohia te mahere i, engari kihai i reira ano whāinga mārama.

He aha e whakaturia nga whāinga ake te kāwanatanga o te USSR? Tuatahi, ko reira tika ki te hinga i te hangarau, me te backwardness whānui o te whenua; Tuarua, i te Soviet Union ki te pehea e fakafalala ohaoha, matua i runga i kai hōia; A toru, i mua ko te mana i te mahi nui: ki te waihanga i tētahi matatini hōia-ahumahi kaha; A maha, ko te ahumahi ki te hoatu i te pūtake kaha mo collectivization.

He ona ake āhuatanga te mahere tuatahi-tau e rima:

• tupu teitei (ahumahi i huaina "takoha");
• kati (nga waea rongonui "Homai 5 Nama i roto i te 4 tau!);
• disproportion i roto i te whanaketanga: te predominance o ahumahi taimaha i runga i te marama;
• whakatinanatanga o te ahumahi i te utu o penapena kāinga.

kau taki Soviet ki te whakamahi i te tikanga katoa ki te kukume te iwi ki te papatipu "te pae hanga." Rau o iwi, te kitenga i te waea pakanga, tonoa me te hanga wheketere, whakatakotoria pereoo, whai wāhi i roto i te hanga o ngā tipu kaha. I roto i tenei era, i reira ko tetahi puranga o te pai-mohiotia pānui Soviet e whakaata te uho o te whaiaro mahara-o te iwi i taua wa.

Hoki i roto i i whakarewahia te Mahere tuatahi rima-Tau collectivization, i haere tahi e dispossession. rua o nga tau o te mahere tuatahi-tau e rima e muri kia huaina "te tau o te huringa nui." Heoi, e mohio e kore katoa te mea i te utu hanga pāmu, me te ngā wheketere. Hia mau utuafare rawakore kua tangohia o te whare, te tini o te iwi i mate i te matao ...

I roto i 1932, te mutunga o te Mahere rima-Tau tuatahi. e whai ake ona hua i:

• kua hanga matatini korero kaha;
• I whakakorea te reira i kore mahi;
• Kua motuhake ōhanga o te Soviet Union kua tutuki;
• i reira ko te pūnaha whakaritea o ōhanga o te Soviet Union ;
• Kua whakaongaongatia mahere-tau e rima te whanaketanga whānui o te whenua.

Ko te Mahere rima-Tau tuatahi kua angitu i roto i ngā o ngā mahi: waihanga DnieproGES, Uralmash, i reira nga otaota maitai nui, tae atu te tipu i roto i Magnitogorsk, Chelyabinsk, Novokuznetsk ko Norilsk. Whakatuwheratia te arā raro tuatahi i roto i Moscow, timata ngā mahi wheketere tarakihana i roto i Stalingrad me Kharkov. Ko te kupu, ko te USSR he mana hōia nui, me te motuhake ahumahi.