Vodka: hanganga. Ko te hanganga matū me te uara kai tōtika o te vodka

Ko pea vodka te inu tino rongonui i nga kai, me te whakanui. Kei a ia ko Ethyl waipiro, te pure nei te i poke, diluted ki te wai. kia roto i vodka, tona hanganga 40 ōrau waipiro, kia ki tāpiritanga. Te nuinga o tenei hua, hua, mea kakara, me te tahi atu kai. Ko te tohu nui o te purenga arata'i ki te hua e, pērā tairitenga, e kore e meinga hangovers. Ko Ko anake tenei te vodka, te hanganga o e pono e taea te huaina kounga.

He hītori iti

E kore te mea te rā tangohia o te take mai o te inu. Ko taea te whakaaro te wa āwhiwhiwhi o te whanau 14-15 rau. A i runga i te rohe o te kāwanatanga Russian. Na reira, e kore e nga kerēme katoa o ētahi atu whenua i te kaha. I roto i te 1982, kua mohio apitireihana ao ko ngā Russian tenei inu. I roto i te rau tau 14 kawea karere Genoese ki te waipiro waina Russian. ko te pūtake o inu mohiotia katoa ki te kaha nui tenei. whakaputaina te inu i roto i Russia i te pūtake o te Ethyl waipiro, kua riro nei i te ingoa "vodka". I roto i waenganui i te rau tau 15, kua tae te kotinga witi tiketike tuatahi. mutu Kaweake o waina i Byzantium. Ko te wa hoki huringa i roto i te hanga o te ava. Mai te mau i te hītori, me te mea i te pūrākau, e pā ana ki 1430 i hanga he moke o Chudov te tunu mō te vodka Russian tūturu. Ki te mahi i tenei, i ia te āhuatanga katoa: matauranga me te taputapu. Otiia whakaurua Mendeleev te ariā me te ti'araa i runga i te pounamu - e pā ana ki 40%. e kore e no ia ki te tenenga o vodka. i hanga e ia te reira a hanga ārai hoahoa kounga.

Āhuatanga o te vodka pai

Ehara i te vodka katoa, e taea kitea e koe i runga i te whata e taea te huaina kounga. Te reira i katoa tei runga i te kaiwhakanao me te kai whakamahia. He aha te ahua o tohu me whai i te hua kounga? Tuatahi, he mea he mohio, hā ahurei. He hua pai kua kore haunga titohea. Tuarua, ko reira he reka ngawari. Me whakatau i te hanganga o te vodka me tona production whakaritenga hou katoa. I runga i te kounga o te hua, me te ta tona tākai. kia pai puru, me te potae tino miharo ki te pounamu, a ka takahi ki te rā o te pātara - mārama e mārama. I te raro o te pounamu e kore e waiho hohenga. Ko te hanganga tika o te vodka hanga reira taea ki te hanga i te ma, inu mārama. tirotiro, uhia iho o te pounamu tohu te whakamahi o te wai rawakore-kounga, te aroaro o poke ranei. tika me te tapanga hei mōhiohio e pā ana ki te kaiwhakanao, ana kōrero whakapā, me te waehere arā, o 7-10 mati. Me hei mōhiohio e pā ana ki te raihana tohu me te production.

Ko te hanganga o te vodka

I roto i te whakatau i te kounga he wāhanga tino nui whakamahia mo te hanga. Ko te hanganga o te vodka, ki te kahore koutou e haere ki roto ki te taketake o te matū, he reira wai me te waipiro. Ko te tikanga whakamahi e toru momo o waipiro. I ahu mai te ahua tuatahi te i te witi rīwai ranei, a ka kua te nui rawa o te purenga. I tua atu i reira he momo me anō papai, hanga i te witi tīpakohia. E whakaaro ana te rua whakamutunga te pai. nui te reira i te wāhi nui, me te kounga o te wai. kaiwhakanao pai ona pure i mua i tai me poke. Ki te te mōkihi he mōhiohio e pā ana ki te horoi hiriwa, korero reira e pā ana ki te kounga o te wai. Ki te ta te tapanga "waiu e purea ana", e pā ana te reira atu ki te hua whakamutunga.

Ko te tohu o te purenga waipiro

whakaputaina te waipiro o te kounga pai i te ranunga o te purapura me te rīwai o ia whakauru motuhake ranei. mo tenei whakaaro, molasses, te huka pīti me te huka raw hoki. He he he whānui o tohu o waipiro purenga. Ko te hua o te kōeke tuatahi ko 96 ōrau o te pa. Higher auau horoi ngā 96,2% ōrau. Ko te momo pai o te waipiro - tāpiri me te Suite - he, aua, 96,5 me 69,3 ōrau. wehewehe hoki atu waipiro hauora, me te anhydrous.

purenga wai

Ko te hanganga o te vodka ngā wai whakahauanga. Otiia e kore e he he wai noa i te tap, me te motuhake, noa o poke tenei. Hei whakainu he reira pai mo te hanga o te vodka, no te mea he mea e tika ana ki te tango i te tote. Tenei tukanga ka meinga ngawari reira. I te tahi taime te mea e tika ana ki te pure i te wai tino i te āhuatanga katoa. I muri e te kukū ai ki microelements. Kei te whakamahia i tēnei hangarau mō te hanga o te wai inu me te wai kohuke. Na reira, mōhiohio e pā ana ki te pure hiriwa tohu te haamaitairaa o te wai i katote o te whakarewa.

tāpiritanga

Kua whakaurua maha kaiwhakanao i roto i te vodka Russian wae atu tāpiritanga ranei. Tenei tupu hoki take rerekē. Tuatahi, ko reira te hiahia ki te whakanui i tou hua, me te kia faahiahia te reira. Competition i roto i te mākete o te inu i te kava ko te nui, me te whakamahia nga tikanga katoa i roto i te whawhai mo te kiritaki. Tuarua, he tokomaha o nga kai atu pure vodka, hanga pangia e te reira ngawari. whakapiki i tenei te kounga o te hua. Na te take whakamutunga, engari e kore e te ahuareka tino, e ngana ana ki te huna i te mau hapa o te vodka, tona reka kino, me te kounga. Na reira, ko te arotahi ki runga i enei tohu e kore ranei, ko te mea whaiaro. Ko te wāhanga matua, e kua whakamahia rite tāpiritanga he waikawa citric, honi, waiu paura, te huka, houra pekana, waikawameha ahetiki me te pāhare pāporo. whakamahi ētahi o ngā kaihanga konutai tāpia me te konutai hydrogencarbonate. Tīpakonga o tāpiri tei runga i te ahua waitohu ranei o vodka. whakamahi Tino maha honi. Kei te whakahaerea te reira i roto i te hanganga o te vodka i te faatarapape ki te wai parakore. hanga te hua ngawari tenei wae.

whakarōpū o vodka

Tei runga i te maha o "tere" e wehea vodka ki wha kāwai. Tenei 40, 45, 50, me te 56 ōrau. i roto i te mara o te inu i te kava tohunga wehe reira atu ki wha akomanga: ōhanga, paerewa, moni, me te moni super. Ko te akomanga whakamutunga e rua - i tenei inu whiriwhiri. E āhuatanga ratou i te kounga pai, me te uara teitei. Hoki ratou faaineineraa whakamahi anake nga momo pai o te waipiro me te wai āta pure. I roto i te aro mātai o te kounga o te vodka whakamahia e rua ngā kāwai o tohu. Tuatahi - Ko āhuatanga tairongo, e ngā kakara, mārama me te reka tenei. Ko te rōpū tuarua - tohu tātari. He whakahaere i ngā tūhuratanga taiwhanga, me te whakatau i te alkalinity, te aroaro o poke, me te ōrau o te ihirangi waipiro.

Aqua hītori regia

Ko te whakamārama tuatahi o aqua regia puta i roto i te rau tau 14. kihai i mohiotia te waikawa pūmāota ki te iwi. He tikanga mō te whakaputa i te Māturu inu whakaratohia ranunga waikonumohe, parahi pūkawa, te haukini pūhaumāota me te haukini pākawa. Ko te tikanga tuarua - he ranunga o te hauota, me te waikawa pūmāota, i whakaahuatia i roto i te 1597 godu alchemist Andreas Libavius. Ngā mihi ki te aqua regia whakahaere ki te hanga i te rota o ngā āhuatanga i roto i te alchemy, i reira ko tetahi tupu o te mōhiotanga e pā ana ki te tauhohe matū me matū.

Āhuatanga aqua regia

He aha te mea aqua regia? waikawa Composition i roto i tenei inu horo'a te reira ki etahi āhuatanga. Aqua regia - he ranunga o ngā waikawa e rua, hauota, me te waikawa pūhaumāota, i roto i te ōwehenga o tetahi ki te toru. Tenei Ko tetahi o nga hāora kaha. whakakitea ana tēnei kounga e i roto i nitrosyls pūhaumāota. rite korari "vodka" taekore. He wa poto i muri mai riro ia he kauruku karaka. Ko te āhuatanga o tenei wai ko te kakara kaha o te māota me te hauota hāora. rite te ranunga i tonu i mua i te whakamahi. Aqua regia, tito o te waikawa, kua matou whakaaro i runga, i runga i te wā ngaro ona āhuatanga oxidizing me decomposes.

Ko te whakamahi o te aqua regia

Hea whakamahia te inu te? Aqua regia, hanganga, he rerekē i te whakamahi tikanga o inu i te kava, whakamahia i roto i te taiwhanga rite te kaiwhakahohe whakamahi o nei. Kei te whakamahia te reira mo te horoi i te karaehe i ngā matū pararopi. Kei te whakamahia hoki te reira mo te tātari o te whakarewa utu nui te whakarite te pūhau whakarewa i roto i te tahi atu ngā. Ko te matū hanganga o vodka kingi taea tareka konganuku iti kaha, konukawata, palladium me te koura, a tae noa i te pāmahana rūma. memeha koura i roto i aqua regia i 10 m / min. Hoki waikawa ruthenium titau hāora. Enei wāhanga e rua rite ki te hua o te hanga waikawa geksahlororutenievuyu. e kore e taea te rewa te reira i roto i te hiriwa regia aqua. Ko e tika ana ki te hanganga i runga i te mata o hiriwa pūhaumāota kiriata tenei. he ātete ki te waikawa konganuku rerekē pērā i Titanium, tantalum, zirconium, chromium, Niobium me hafnium hoki reira.

Aqua regia, e kore te te hanganga, te whakamahi o nei i whakaaro matou, whakamahia hoki rōpū!

pama Bolotov

Tino maha e hiahia i roto i te mōhiohio e pā ana maperi Bolotov. Kei te mohiotia te reira e te ranunga o te waikawa takiwa - pūhaumāota nitric me - he aqua regia. Composition Bolotovu - he otinga ngoikore. Maperi, rite nei te i roto i pharmacies, e ōrite ana ki te 3 ōrau otinga o te waikawa pūhaumāota. Na reira, e kore e whai te reira i te tino kaha te paheketanga i runga i puku te tangata, me te te mau waha. He aha te pānga e tenei whare i runga i te tinana tangata?

Ko te waikawa pungatara memeha te kiko tūhonohono i whakaahua mucopolysaccharides huka. I roto i te mau parau te tahi atu, memeha reira ngā pūtau tawhito, me te whakapiki i nakunaku. waikawa hauota whakapiki i nga repe adrenal me huhua te taumata o te Adrenaline. Ano, i reira te pai ake te kai tōtika pūtau e whai wāhi nui ai te waikawa pyruvic. Bolotov maperi whai wāhi ki te hanganga i roto i te tinana o huaora me waikawa amino, a ka whakahokia mai te rāpoi ngota pūmua. He hua i runga i ngā tukanga katoa i roto i te tinana, a ka ārai mumura. He maha ngā mahi maperi. Tuatahi, tenei hua i roto i te maha o ngā pūtau hou. Tuarua, tenei slagging whakaiti o te tinana, arā, te huringa o tāoke i roto i te tote me te tango ratou i te tinana. Tuatoru - he mea he pakanga ki nga papapūata me okana mahi whakaora i.

"Paerewa Russian"

Whakaturia i roto i 1998, te kamupene mo te hanga o inu i te kava ko te kaihanga nui i roto i tenei mara. Vodka "Russian Paerewa" - he inu hua e te i roto i te maha o ngā putanga i te wheketere i St Petersburg. I te rārangi hakari ngā o te maha ngā momo o "Empire", "taketake", "Platinum" me "Russian Gold Paerewa". He angamaheni mo tenei momo o ngā āhuatanga ahurei me ngā āhuatanga momo katoa. Ka taea te huaina tenei hua pono te pai. Ko te hanganga o te vodka "Russian Paerewa" ngā o anake kai-kounga tiketike. tutuki ana te hangarau production whakaritenga hou katoa. Ki te tango pai witi production tupu i runga i Chernozemye me te wai - i te puna raro, hono nei te ki Ladoga. Ko reira ngohengohe, ahuareka ki te reka o te inu, tika o aristocrats.

Vodka "Beluga"

"Beluga" - he vodka moni. Ka taea te huaina tenei inu tetahi o te pai i runga i to tatou whata. Kei vodka "Beluga", te hanganga o e taea te huaina tino, honi tūturu, te waiu, tataramoa wāhanga me hiriwa oat. Kei te hanga te reira i te waipiro papai pai me te wai i puna wai tena i. Kei te ringihia tenei inu ki nga ipu, hangaia i roto i France. whakapaipai ia tauira te ki te taipe i roto i te puka o te ika, a ka hermetically hiri, puru ma.

Me te hiahia ki inu kaha, whiriwhiri anake hua kounga teitei. Na kia mahara e te kohi nui o vodka arata'i ki hopearaa tina heke.